29 C.F.R. § 1630.2

Section 1630.2(i) treats breathing and working, among other functions, as major life activities, and § 1630.2(o)(3) requires an interactive process to identify disability-related limitations and potential reasonable accommodations.

Monterroso v. Sullivan & Cromwell, LLP · filed 2008-10-28(i), (o)(3)

“Under the ADA, major life activities are defined as ‘functions such as caring for oneself, performing manual tasks, walking, seeing, hearing, speaking, breathing, learning and working.’ ” ... The ADA requires an “ ‘interactive process’ by which employers and employees work together to assess whether an employee’s disability can be reasonably accommodated.” ... An employee seeking an accommodation is obliged to participate in this interactive process in order to help the employer identify the “precise limitations resulting from the disability and potential reasonable accommodations that could overcome those limitations.”

Section 1630.2(I) identifies major life activities through a nonexclusive list of important everyday functions, which does not include driving itself.

Winsley v. Cook County · filed 2009-04-22(I)

“Major Life Activities means functions such as caring for oneself, performing manual tasks, walking, seeing, hearing, speaking, breathing, learning, and working.” ... Although this list does not purport to be exclusive, the items on the list have several things in common with each other that driving does not share with them. Most importantly, the listed activities are so important to everyday life that almost anyone would consider himself limited in a material way if he could not perform them. This is not the case with driving.

Section 1630.2(i) defines major life activities to include caring for oneself, performing manual tasks, walking, seeing, hearing, speaking, breathing, learning, and working.

Jenkins v. Shinseki · filed 2009-07-31(i)

Major life activities “means functions such as caring for oneself, performing manual tasks, walking, seeing, hearing, speaking, breathing, learning, and working.”

Section 1630.2(i) treats working as a major life activity for ADA disability analysis.

Harvey v. Wal-Mart Louisiana L.L.C. · filed 2009-09-30(i)

Working, moreover, is a well-recognized example of a major life activity. 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(i). Clearly, the activities impacted by Mr. Harvey’s condition constitute major life activities.

Section 1630.2(i) identifies major life activities through a non-exhaustive list, including walking and breathing.

Haralson v. Campuzano · filed 2009-12-15(i)

In the ADA’s implementing regulations, the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission provides a non-exhaustive list of “major life activities,” including “caring for oneself, performing manual tasks, walking, seeing, hearing, speaking, breathing, learning, and working.” 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(i).

Section 1630.2(f) identifies activities such as caring for oneself, performing manual tasks, walking, seeing, hearing, speaking, breathing, learning, and working as major life activities relevant to whether an impairment substantially limits one.

Missick v. City of New York · filed 2010-03-22(f)

Specifically, Missick cannot show — as she must — that she suffers from a significant mental or physical impairment that substantially limits one or more major life activities, which activities include: “... functions such as caring for oneself, performing manual tasks, walking, seeing, hearing, speaking, breathing, learning and working.”

Section 1630.2(i) defines major life activities to include functions such as caring for oneself, performing manual tasks, walking, seeing, hearing, speaking, breathing, learning, and working.

Vazquez v. MUNICIPALITY OF JUNCOS · filed 2010-11-18(i)

The EEOC has defined the term to mean “functions such as caring for oneself, performing manual tasks, walking, seeing, hearing, speaking, breathing, learning, and working.” 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2.

Section 1630.2(l) identifies major life activities to include caring for oneself, performing manual tasks, walking, seeing, hearing, speaking, breathing, learning, and working.

Arce v. Potter · filed 2011-07-28(l)

The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission ("EEOC”) regulations interpreting 42 U.S.C. § 12102 define major life activities as ”caring for oneself, performing manual tasks, walking, seeing, hearing, speaking, breathing, learning, and working.” 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(1).

Section 1630.2(i) recognizes working as a major life activity in determining whether an impairment constitutes a disability.

Ramos-Echevarria v. Pichis, Inc. · filed 2011-10-21(i)

Working can be considered a major life activity. 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(i) (1991).

Section 1630.2(i)(1)(i) lists activities including sleeping, walking, standing, and lifting as major life activities for purposes of determining disability.

Farina v. Branford Board of Education · filed 2011-11-18(i)(1)(i)

Major life activities include “[c]aring for oneself, performing manual tasks, seeing, hearing, eating, sleeping, walking, standing, sitting, reaching, lifting, bending, speaking, [and] breathing[.]” 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(i)(1)(i).

Section 1630.2(i)(1)(i) identifies walking as a major life activity under the ADA.

Curtis v. Humana Military Healthcare Services, Inc. · filed 2011-11-29(i)(1)(i)

While walking is considered a major life activity for purposes of the Act, see 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(i)(1)(i), Curtis has failed to present sufficient evidence that his impairment substantially limits his ability to walk.

Section 1630.2(i)(2) requires “major” life activities to be interpreted broadly, rather than under a demanding standard for disability.

Garner v. Chevron Phillips Chemical Co. · filed 2011-11-29(i)(2)

The ADAAA also amended Toyota’s definition of “major life activity” as “activities that are of central importance to most people’s daily lives,” instead indicating that the word “major” must “not be interpreted strictly to create a demanding standard for disability.” 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(i)(2).

(i) defines major life activities to include functions such as caring for oneself, performing manual tasks, walking, seeing, hearing, speaking, breathing, learning, and working.

Jeudy v. Attorney General, Department of Justice · filed 2012-07-26(i)

“Major life activities” are “functions such as caring for oneself, performing manual tasks, walking, seeing, hearing, speaking, breathing, learning, and working.”

Before the ADA Amendments Act, subsection (i) treated activities such as working, walking, and performing manual tasks as major life activities.

Robbins v. Saturn Corp. · filed 2013-09-09(i)

Before the ADA Amendments Act, the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission defined “major life activities” to include “functions such as caring for oneself, performing manual tasks, walking, seeing, hearing, speaking, breathing, learning, and working.” 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(i) (2007).

Section 1630.2(i)(l)(i) identifies walking as a major life activity.

Johnson v. City of Chicago · filed 2014-01-13(i)(l)(i)

We, like the district court, have little difficulty concluding that Johnson’s sickle cell anemia is a physical impairment, see Hines v. Barnhart, 453 F.3d 559, 560-61 (4th Cir.2006); Norman-Bloodsaw v. Lawrence Berkeley Lab., 135 F.3d 1260, 1265, n. 3 (9th Cir.1998), and that walking is a major life activity, 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(i)(l)(i).

A major life activity includes ordinary activities such as walking and thinking, and an impairment is substantially limiting only when it limits such an activity compared with most people in the general population; inability to perform a single specialized job is insufficient.

City of Houston v. Proler · filed 2014-06-06(i)(1)(i) (j)(1)(ii)

“‘Major life activity’ was defined as ‘functions such as caring for oneself, performing manual tasks, walking, seeing, hearing, speaking, breathing, thinking or working.’ This definition tracks state and federal law. ... 29 C.F.R. §1630.2(j)(1)(ii) (2012) (“An impairment is a disability within the meaning of this section if it substantially limits the ability of an individual to perform a major life activity as compared to most people in the general population.””

Section 1630.2(i)(l)(i) identifies learning as a major life activity for purposes of determining whether an impairment substantially limits a major life activity.

Williams v. Robert F. Kennedy Children's Action Corp. · filed 2014-08-06(i)(l)(i)

Learning is certainly a major life activity. 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(i)(l)(i).

Section 1630.2(f) identifies working, among other activities, as a major life activity for disability analysis.

Olson v. Dex Imaging, Inc. · filed 2014-10-22(f)

According to the EEOC regulations, major life activities include: “[cjaring for oneself, performing manual tasks, seeing, hearing, eating, sleeping, walking, standing, sitting, reaching, lifting, bending, speaking, breathing, learning, reading, concentrating, thinking, communicating, interacting with others, and working.” 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(f). ... Plaintiff alleges disability discrimination under the FCRA based on her condition as a recovering alcoholic which affects her major life activity of working. ... Plaintiffs allegations are sufficient to sustain a disability claim under the FCRA.

Section 1630.2 treats bowel and bladder functions as major life activities when determining whether an impairment substantially limits a major life activity.

Day v. National Electrical Contractors Ass'n · filed 2015-03-18(i)(l)(i)

On the other hand, and while not cited by the Plaintiff, substantial authority exists that the functioning of the bowels should be considered to be a major life activity. In fact, relevant regulations specifically include bowel and bladder functions as major life activities. ... Considering the record as a whole, the applicable regulations, and giving Plaintiff the benefit of the doubt on this issue, the undersigned concludes that Defendant is not entitled to judgment based upon Plaintiffs failure to show his condition limits a major life activity.

Section 1630.2(f) defines major life activities to include learning, concentrating, and thinking.

Castaneda v. City of Albuquerque · filed 2016-02-04(f)

“Major life activities” are defined in 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(f) and include activities such as learning, concentrating, and thinking, which are arguably related to the manifestations of Plaintiffs disability as described in the Complaint and the response to Defendants’ motion.

The regulation identifies major life activities, including caring for oneself, performing manual tasks, walking, seeing, hearing, speaking, breathing, learning, and working.

Pitts v. Naji · filed 2016-09-06(i)

The ADA regulations define ‘major life activities’ as including such functions as ‘caring for oneself, performing manual tasks, walking, seeing, hearing, speaking, breathing, learning, and working.’

The regulation lists hearing as a major life activity.

McKay v. Vitas Healthcare Corp. of Illinois · filed 2017-02-07(i)(l)(i)

Hearing qualifies as a major life activity. 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(i)(l)(i).

Section 1630.2 identifies activities such as walking, standing, and sitting as major life activities relevant to determining whether an impairment substantially limits a qualified disability.

Medina-Rodriguez v. Fernandez Bakery, Inc. · filed 2017-06-14

Major life activities include “earing for oneself, performing manual tasks, seeing, hearing, eating, sleeping, walking, standing, [and] sitting.” 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2.

An impairment substantially limits a major life activity when it limits the individual as compared to most people in the general population, and seeing is a major life activity.

Ray v. Weit · filed 2017-09-08(i)(1)(i)

An impairment meets this standard if it substantially limits an individual’s major life activity “as compared to most people in the general population.” 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(j)(1)(ii). ... Rather, the major life activity limited by Appellant’s vision loss was “seeing.” 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(i)(1)(i).

Section 1630.2(i) identifies walking as a major life activity, so an inability to walk may qualify as an ADA disability.

Vice v. Kaemingk · filed 2018-07-31(i)

“Major life activities include caring for oneself, performing manual tasks, walking, seeing, hearing, breathing, learning, and working . . . .” Id. (citing 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(i). Here, Vice alleges that his disability is his inability to walk on his own without a wheelchair. Because walking is considered a major life activity, the inability to walk would be considered a disability under the ADA.

Section 1630.2(i)(1)(i) lists major life activities, including caring for oneself, performing manual tasks, seeing, hearing, walking, and working.

Jay v. Auburn University · filed 2019-05-20(i)(1)(i)

Major life activities mean functions such as “[c]aring for oneself, performing manual tasks, seeing, hearing, walking, standing, sitting, reaching, lifting, bending, speaking, breathing, learning, reading, concentrating, thinking, communicating, interacting with others, and working.” 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(i)(1)(i).

The regulation includes working across a wide class of jobs among major life activities.

Shaka Freeman v. Metropolitan Water Reclamation · filed 2019-06-03(i)(1)

But we read Freeman’s complaint as alleging that the District regarded him, see 42 U.S.C. § 12102(1)(C), as an alcoholic because of his suspended license for driving under the influence of alcohol, and then concluded from his suspension that his alcoholism impaired his ability to work at any job that involves safely moving items across a facility. Because that activity includes a wide class of work, a jury could conclude that it is a major life activity. See 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(i)(1); Miller v. Ill. Dept. of Transp., 643 F.3d 190, 195–97 (7th Cir. 2011).

Section 1630.2(i) identifies activities such as sleeping, hearing, seeing, walking, breathing, and learning as major life activities relevant to determining whether an impairment substantially limits them.

Mayle v. Chicago Park District · filed 2019-07-02(i)

Courts consider several factors when deciding whether a disability substantially limits major life activities, including one’s ability to sleep, hear, see, walk, breath, or learn. See 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(i); Ross v. Knight, No. 1:03-cv-1700, 2006 WL 3626372, at *6 (S.D. Ind. Dec. 8, 2006). Plaintiff alleges that his bipolar disorder impairs his ability to breathe, concentrate, and sleep. This is sufficient to plead that Mayle is a qualified individual with a disability under the ADA. See 42 U.S.C. § 12102(1)(A).

Section 1630.2(i)(1)(i) treats activities such as performing manual tasks, standing, breathing, and working as major life activities for ADA disability analysis.

Skerce v. Torgeson Electric Company · filed 2019-08-13(i)(1)(i)

Plaintiff identifies at least one major life activity affected by his diabetes—due to the interaction of the heat and his diabetes medication, Plaintiff complained of feeling light-headed and dizzy, which caused him trouble working. See 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(i)(1)(i) (defining “major life activities” as including activities such as “performing manual tasks,” “standing,” “breathing,” and “working”). And broadly construing the term “substantially limits,” the Court finds there is a question of fact regarding whether Plaintiff’s diabetes substantially limits a major life activity.

Section 1630.2(i) treats reading and communicating as major life activities for purposes of identifying a disability.

Wimer v. Greene County General Circuit Court · filed 2019-10-29(i)

The court believes that Wimer has alleged enough facts to show that he has a learning disability that affects his ability to read and write. 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(i) (“Major life activities include . . . reading” and “communicating.”)

The term “major” in major life activities should not be interpreted strictly to create a demanding standard for disability.

Simmons v. Monroe County, Mississippi · filed 2019-11-21(i)(2)

Moreover, while a plaintiff is still required to demonstrate an “impairment that substantially limits one or more major life activities of such individual,” the ADA, as amended, makes it clear that the “term ‘major’ shall not be interpreted strictly to create a demanding standard for disability.” 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(i)(2).

Section 1630.2(i) identifies major life activities to include caring for oneself, performing manual tasks, sitting, lifting, bending, concentrating, working, and thinking.

Morey v. Windsong Radiology Group · filed 2019-12-12(i)

As relevant here, the ADA defines “disability” as a “physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more major life activities of such individual” or “being regarded as having such an impairment.” 42 U.S.C. § 12102(1). “Major life activities” include, among other things, caring for oneself, performing manual tasks, sitting, lifting, bending, concentrating, working, and thinking. 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(i). Whether an impairment “substantially limits” major life activities is to be “construed broadly,” but “not every impairment will constitute a disability.” Id. § 1630.2(j).

Section 1630.2(i) identifies major life activities that are relevant to determining whether an impairment is a disability, including caring for oneself, performing manual tasks, sitting, lifting, bending, concentrating, working, and thinking.

Genova v. The County Of Nassau · filed 2020-02-19(i)

“Major life activities” include, among other things, caring for oneself, performing manual tasks, sitting, lifting, bending, concentrating, working, and thinking. 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(i).

Section 1630.2(i) identifies major life activities, including caring for oneself, performing manual tasks, and working, that are relevant to whether an impairment substantially limits a person.

GARCIA v. KNAPP · filed 2020-05-29(i)

The ADA defines the term disability to mean “a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more of the major life activities of such individual.” 42 U.S.C. § 12102. “[M]ajor life activities” include “Caring for oneself, performing manual tasks, seeing, hearing, eating, sleeping, walking, standing, sitting, reaching, lifting, bending, speaking, breathing, learning, reading, concentrating, thinking, communicating, interacting with others, and working; and [t]he operation of a major bodily function.” 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(i), (ii). The Garcias do not allege any facts suggesting Mr. Garcia has a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more major life activity, nor does the Complaint plead any facts suggesting a reason for the Department to perceive that he had such a physical or mental impairment. The Complaint alleges he has remained sober since completing a treatment program in January 2017, that he was declared “psychologically fit for duty” by Dr. Guller, that Dr. Guller declared he is “functioning adequately . . . without evidence of impairment,” and that he is “capable of carrying a weapon and fulfilling all of the duties” of his rank as a police officer. (ECF Nos. 20, 23-26.) The Complaint further alleges all of this was communicated to the Police Department and to Prosecutors. Furthermore, the Complaint does not allege any facts supporting a conclusion that the Department perceived him, rightly or wrongly, to be suffering an impairment that limited a major life activity. Accordingly, the Court concludes the Garcias have not sufficiently pleaded an ADA claim.

Section 1630.2(i)(1)(i) identifies activities such as caring for oneself, walking, working, and interacting with others as major life activities relevant to determining whether an individual is disabled.

Davis v. Brennan · filed 2020-09-24(i)(1)(i)

“Major life activities” include activities such as “[c]aring for oneself, performing manual tasks, seeing, hearing, eating, sleeping, walking, standing, sitting, reaching, lifting, bending, speaking, breathing, learning, reading, concentrating, thinking, communicating, interacting with others, and working,” as well as operating “a major bodily function.” 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(i)(1)(i)–(ii) (2020).

The regulation identifies performing manual tasks as a major life activity relevant to determining whether an impairment substantially limits a major life activity.

Foreman v. Neece · filed 2020-10-07(i)

“Major life activities” include “caring for oneself, performing manual tasks, walking, seeing, hearing, speaking, breathing, learning, and working.” 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(i). ... As for the burn on his arm, no evidence in the record indicates that it substantially limited one or more major life activities—except, perhaps, the manual task of dishwashing. The Court is highly skeptical that the Eighth Circuit would consider a plaintiff’s inability to wash dishes for a seven-day period as being tantamount to having a qualified disability under the ADA.

Section 1630.2(i) provides a non-exhaustive list of major life activities, including caring for oneself, performing manual tasks, walking, seeing, hearing, speaking, breathing, learning, and working.

Perry v. Department of Veterans Affairs · filed 2020-11-19(i)

The EEOC’s implementing regulations provide a non-exhaustive list of major life activities, which include “caring for oneself, performing manual tasks, walking, seeing, hearing, speaking, breathing, learning, and working.” 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(i).

Section 1630.2 treats working as a major life activity and generally does not require scientific, medical, or statistical analysis to compare an individual's performance with that of most people in the general population.

Woronec v. Zachry Industrial, Inc. · filed 2021-02-12(i)(1)(i), (j)(1)(v)

Working is a major life activity. 42 U.S.C. § 12102(2)(A); 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(i)(1)(i) (explicitly including “working” as a major life activity). ... Nor is Woronec required to present expert medical testimony to support his allegation that these impairments constitute disabilities. See Vaughan v. World Changers Church Intern., Inc., No. 1:13-CV-0746-AT, 2014 WL 4978439, at *10 (N.D. Ga. Sept. 16, 2014); 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(j)(1)(v) (“The comparison of an individual's performance of a major life activity to the performance of the same major life activity by most people in the general population usually will not require scientific, medical, or statistical analysis”).

Section 1630.2(i) identifies major life activities covered by the ADA, including working and other listed activities.

Gorbe v. Lathrup Village, City of · filed 2021-03-31(i)

Major life activities include, but are not limited to, “[c]aring for oneself, performing manual tasks, seeing, hearing, eating, sleeping, walking, standing, seeing, hearing, eating, sleeping, walking, standing, sitting, reaching, lifting, bending, speaking, breathing, learning, reading, concentrating, thinking, communicating, interacting with others, and working.” 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(i).

Section 1630.2(i)(1)(i) identifies communicating as a major life activity.

Cohen v. Whitley · filed 2021-04-20(i)(1)(i)

Major life activities include “communicating.” 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(i)(1)(i). The relevant ADA regulations include “autism” among its examples of types of impairments that substantially limit major life activities. Id. § 1630.2(j)(3)(iii). Cohen has identified autism as his disability and has alleged it affects his communication.

The regulation identifies seeing as a major life activity.

Cummings v. Paterson · filed 2021-06-22(i)(1)

Using Equal Employment Opportunity Commission regulations as a guide, major life activities include seeing, see 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(i)(1).

Subsection (i) identifies hearing as a major life activity relevant to determining whether an individual has a disability under the ADA.

Ramos v. Valmont Industries, Inc. · filed 2021-09-30(i)

“Major life activities under the ADA are basic activities that the average person can perform with little or no difficulty, including ‘caring for oneself, performing manual tasks, walking, seeing, hearing, speaking, breathing, learning, and working.’” Battle v. United Parcel Serv., Inc., 438 F.3d 856, 861 (8th Cir. 2006) (quoting 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(i)).

Section 1630.2(i) identifies basic functions such as working, lifting, and bending as major life activities.

WHITE v. VALEO LIGHTING SYSTEMS NORTH AMERICA, INC. · filed 2021-11-22(i)

"Major life activities" include the basic functions of life such as "caring for oneself, performing manual tasks, . . . standing, sitting, reaching, lifting, bending, speaking, breathing, learning, reading, concentrating, . . . and working." 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(i).

Section 1630.2(i) provides a non-exhaustive list of major life activities under the ADA.

Hancock v. Securitas Security Services USA, Inc. · filed 2022-03-04(i)

Yet the job description could not possibly address all activities that are “of central importance” to daily living. Moreover, even if it addressed every single activity listed in the statutes and regulations, the statutory and regulatory lists of major life activities were not intended to be exhaustive. See 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(i) (providing non-exhaustive list of major life activities for purposes of ADA).

Lifting and performing manual tasks are major life activities for determining whether an impairment substantially limits a major life activity.

MAGIN v. TRINITY HEALTH MID-ATLANTIC · filed 2022-06-10(i)(1)(i)

Lifting and performing manual tasks are major life activities. 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(i)(1)(i).

Section 1630.2(i) identifies major life activities as including functions such as caring for oneself, walking, and seeing.

HALL GORDON v. BIBB COUNTY SCHOOL DISTRICT · filed 2022-08-27(i)

Both the ADA and the RA define a disability as “a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more of the major life activities of such individual.” 42 U.S.C. § 12102(2). “Major life activities” include “functions such as caring for oneself [, . . .] walking, seeing, [etc.].” 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(i). And, Defendant really doesn’t quibble that Plaintiff is disabled for purposes of the ADA and RA. See [Doc. 21-20]. As her doctor notes, she can’t walk long distances, lift anything heavy, reach, climb ladders, etc. See [Doc. 21-16]. The Court finds she meets the first prong of her prima facie case.

Section 1630.2(i) identifies major life activities, including caring for oneself, performing manual tasks, walking, seeing, hearing, speaking, breathing, learning, and working, which are relevant to determining whether an impairment is substantially limiting.

EDWARDS v. TACALA GEORGIA CORP · filed 2022-10-06(i)

Major life activities include “caring for oneself, performing manual tasks, walking, seeing, hearing, speaking, breathing, learning, and working.” 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(i). ... Thus, Edwards cannot show any substantial limitation on a major life function, and therefore fails to show that any purported impairment, including her pregnancy, rises to the level of a disability under the ADA.

Section 1630.2(i)(1)(i) treats working and interacting with others as major life activities under the ADA's disability definition.

Connolly v. Woburn Public Schools · filed 2023-03-02(i)(1)(i)

Plaintiff contends that her asthma and general anxiety disorder are impairments that substantially limit her ability to breathe, work, and interact with other people. ... “[W]orking” and “interacting with others” are major life activities within the meaning of the ADA. 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(i)(1)(i). ... Under the circumstances, the complaint sufficiently alleges that plaintiff has one-or-more qualifying disabilities.

Section 1630.2(i) identifies hearing as a major life activity under the ADA.

Aletum v. Anchor Staffing Agency, Inc. · filed 2023-03-27(i)

Major life activities include hearing. 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(i). Accordingly, “it should be easily concluded that . . . deafness substantially limits hearing” and renders an individual as having a disability. Id. (j)(3)(iii).

Section 1630.2(i) identifies breathing, hearing, seeing, walking, and working as major life activities relevant to determining whether an individual has an ADA disability.

Pettigrew v. Shelby County Correctional Center Warden · filed 2023-03-30(i)

To succeed on a claim under the ADA, Pettigrew must first demonstrate that he is a member of a protected class because he has a disability within the meaning of the ADA. Under the ADA, a “disability” is a “physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more of the major life activities.” 42 U.S.C. § 12102(2)(A). Major life activities include breathing, hearing, seeing, walking and working. See 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(i). Pettigrew alleges that he “frequently stops breathing in his sleep.” (ECF No. 1 at PageID 1.) Pettigrew does not allege facts demonstrating a substantial limitation on his ability to breathe because he alleges that sleep apnea affects his breathing only during sleep. Pettigrew does not allege that sleep apnea prevents him from engaging in activities other than sleep.

Walking is a major life activity, and an impairment that substantially limits walking can qualify as a disability.

Duncan v. Second Judicial Circuit of the State of Missouri · filed 2023-10-18(i)

Plaintiff responds that her case is distinguishable from Gretillat, because Plaintiff has restrictions on her ability to walk and stand. [ECF No. 10 at *5] Plaintiff is correct that the Court in Gretillat identified walking and standing as major life activities under the ADA, and further noted the ADA’s definition of major life activities specifically includes walking. Gretillat, 481 F.3d at 652 (citing 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(i) (2006)). Accepting Plaintiff’s allegations as true, Plaintiff’s restricted ability to walk is an impairment that substantially limits a major life activity, and therefore a disability under the ADA.

Section 1630.2(i)(1)(i) treats walking as a major life activity.

Moore v. Western Illinois Correctional Center · filed 2023-12-20(i)(1)(i)

Walking is considered a “major life activity” under both the statute and the regulations. 42 U.S.C § 12102(2)(A); 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(i)(1)(i). There is therefore sufficient evidence to proceed past summary judgment on the first and third parts of the disability analysis.

Section 1630.2(i) treats activities such as lifting, bending, and working as major life activities relevant to determining whether an impairment is a qualifying disability.

Reyna v. Epiroc Drilling Solutions LLC · filed 2023-11-30(i)

Here, viewing the complaint in the light most favorable to Reyna, he alleges that his finger impairment limits his ability to lift, bend, and work. Although his ability to work within the role of an assembler alone may be insufficient to establish a qualifying disability under the ADA, Reyna alleges that the injury impairs his ability to perform at least one additional, independent major life activity contemplated by the ADA: lifting. Thus, the Court concludes that Reyna plausibly alleged that his finger impairment limits a major life activity, and therefore is a qualifying disability under the ADA.

Subsection (i) gives examples of major life activities, including caring for oneself, performing manual tasks, walking, seeing, hearing, speaking, breathing, learning, and working, whose substantial limitation can support a disability determination.

Mendoza v. DeJoy · filed 2024-05-07(i)

Instead, a complaint must show that the plaintiff had a substantial limitation on “functions such as caring for oneself, performing manual tasks, walking, seeing, hearing, speaking, breathing, learning, and working.” Hamilton v. Sw. Bell Tel. Co., 136 F.3d 1047, 1050 (5th Cir. 1998) (quoting 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(i)).

Section 1630.2(i) identifies major life activities, including the operation of major bodily functions and activities such as caring for oneself, performing manual tasks, walking, seeing, hearing, speaking, breathing, learning, and working.

Devita v. Mount Sinai Hospital · filed 2024-06-18(i)

Plaintiff does not allege facts to show that her purported medical conditions substantially limited any major life function or activity such as the operation of a major bodily function, or “caring for oneself, performing manual tasks, walking, seeing, hearing, speaking, breathing, learning, and working.” 29 C.F.R. §1630.2(i).

Section 1630.2(i) recognizes interacting with others as a major life activity for disability analysis.

Susi v. DeJoy · filed 2024-08-30(i)

Interacting with others is considered a “major life activity” within the meaning of the Rehabilitation Act. See 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(i); Connolly v. Woburn Pub. Sch., 659 F. Supp. 3d 92, 111 (D. Mass. 2023).

Section 1630.2(i) identifies major life activities as including hearing, speaking, and learning, among other everyday functions.

Fishman v. City of New Rochelle · filed 2025-01-22(i)

Major life activities are “activities that are of central importance to daily life . . . [including] functions such as caring for oneself, performing manual tasks, walking, seeing, hearing, speaking, breathing, learning, and working.” Capobianco v. City of New York, 422 F.3d 47, 56 (2d Cir. 2005) (quoting Toyota Motor Mfg., Kentucky, Inc. v. Williams, 534 U.S. 184, 197, 122 S.Ct. 681, 151 L.Ed.2d 615 (2002); 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(i)). ... Consequently, the record plainly establishes that Plaintiff suffers mental impairments which significantly impact major life-activities, namely his ability to hear, speak and learn.

Section 1630.2(i) treats activities such as walking and performing manual tasks as major life activities for disability analysis.

Galbreath v. Help at Home, LLC · filed 2025-03-26(i)

Major life activities include “caring for one’s self, performing manual tasks, walking, seeing, hearing, speaking, breathing, learning, and working.” See Lawson v. CSX Transp., Inc., 245 F.3d 916, 923 (7th Cir. 2001) (citing 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(i)). Here, there is not much doubt that the complaint alleges that Galbreath had a disability. The complaint alleges that she has “a herniated disc that causes nerve and sciatica pain.” See Am. Cplt., at ¶ 35 (Dckt. No. 14). The herniated disc limits her ability to walk, sit, lift, bend, and twist, because it limits her movement and ability to lift without pain. Id. at ¶ 36.

Section 1630.2(i)(1)(i) includes breathing among the major life activities used to determine whether an impairment substantially limits a person under the ADA.

O'Reilly v. Riverside Health and Rehabilitation Center · filed 2025-04-15(i)(1)(i)

Taken together, these facts adequately allege that, due to her allergies and asthma, O’Reilly risked a serious adverse reaction to the COVID-19 vaccine that would likely have impaired her ability to breathe. Because the EEOC’s regulations define “major life activities” to include “breathing,” see 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(i)(1)(i), these facts allege that, if O’Reilly had received the vaccine, she would have been limited in one or more major life activities and would therefore have been disabled within the meaning of the ADA, see 42 U.S.C. § 12102(1)(A).

Section 1630.2(i) identifies major life activities such as caring for oneself, performing manual tasks, walking, seeing, hearing, speaking, breathing, learning, and working.

Nutt v. City of Las Cruces · filed 2025-07-16(i)

Major life activities include “caring for oneself, performing manual tasks, walking, seeing, hearing, speaking, breathing, learning, and working.” Carter, 662 F.3d at 1143 (quoting 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(i) (2006) (amended 2011)).

Section 1630.2(i) identifies major life activities, including caring for oneself, performing manual tasks, seeing, walking, speaking, hearing, breathing, learning, and working; an ADA disability claim requires evidence that a major life activity was limited.

Lohmeier v. Gottlieb Memorial Hospital · filed 2025-08-14(i)

However, Lohmeier does not explain what “major life activity” was limited by her stated disabilities. See 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(i) (noting that caring for oneself, performing manual tasks, seeing, walking, speaking, hearing, breathing, learning, and working, are “major life activities”). Nor does she provide a record of impairment or evidence that she was regarded as having an impairment. Accordingly, she cannot show that she was disabled under the ADA and her claim must fail.

Seeing and reading are major life activities under the ADA disability regulations.

Hippe v. Circuit City Corporation Inc · filed 2025-08-19(i)(1)(i)

The ADA regulations identify “seeing” and “reading” as “major life activities.” 29 C.F.R. §1630.2(i)(1)(i). The plaintiff alleges that she is legally blind and cannot see or read digital content on a computer without the assistance of screen reader software. Dkt. No. 1 at ¶19. Taking these well-pled allegations as true, as the court must on a motion for default judgment, the plaintiff has sufficiently stated that her visual impairment substantially limits the major life activities of seeing and reading, and that she is disabled within the meaning of the ADA.

Section 1630.2(i) defines major life activities to include activities such as caring for oneself, performing manual tasks, seeing, hearing, lifting, reading, concentrating, interacting with others, and working.

Catchings v. Hazel Park School District · filed 2025-09-12(i)

Nonetheless, the Court finds that Catchings’ “post-concussion syndrome” does affect major life activities, as defined under the ADA. See 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(i) (listing major life activities to include “[c]aring for oneself, performing manual tasks, seeing, hearing, eating, sleeping, walking, standing, sitting, reaching, lifting, bending, speaking, breathing, learning, reading, concentrating, thinking, communicating, interacting with others, and working”) (emphasis added).

Section 1630.2(i) identifies walking as a major life activity, and wheelchair use can plausibly indicate a substantial limitation on walking.

Outland v. Franciscan Health · filed 2025-09-19(i)

And she has alleged her disability requires use of a wheelchair, which is a substantial limitation on walking, a “major life activity” under the ADA. See 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(i).

Section 1630.2(I) identifies hearing as a major life activity relevant to determining whether an impairment substantially limits a major life activity under the ADA.

Ramos v. Cargill Meat Solutions Corporation · filed 2025-09-22(I)

“Major life activities under the ADA are basic activities that the average person can perform with little or no difficulty, including ‘caring for oneself, performing manual tasks, walking, seeing, hearing, speaking, breathing, learning, and working.’” Battle v. United Parcel Serv., Inc., 438 F.3d 856, 861 (8th Cir. 2006) (quoting 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(I)). Plaintiff alleges he has a hearing disability requiring him to communicate through American Sign Language, and he has therefore alleged a disability under the ADA.

The regulation treats hearing as a major life activity relevant to determining whether a person has an ADA disability.

Ramos v. Vishay Dale Electronics, LLC · filed 2025-09-22(I)

“Major life activities under the ADA are basic activities that the average person can perform with little or no difficulty, including ‘caring for oneself, performing manual tasks, walking, seeing, hearing, speaking, breathing, learning, and working.’” Battle v. United Parcel Serv., Inc., 438 F.3d 856, 861 (8th Cir. 2006) (quoting 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(I)). Plaintiff alleges he has a hearing disability requiring him to communicate through American Sign Language and, thus, has alleged a disability under the ADA.

Section 1630.2(I) lists hearing among the major life activities covered by the ADA’s disability definition.

Ramos v. Columbus Hydraulics Company · filed 2025-09-24(I)

“Major life activities under the ADA are basic activities that the average person can perform with little or no difficulty, including ‘caring for oneself, performing manual tasks, walking, seeing, hearing, speaking, breathing, learning, and working.’” Battle v. United Parcel Serv., Inc., 438 F.3d 856, 861 (8th Cir. 2006) (quoting 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(I)). Plaintiff alleges he is deaf and must communicate using American Sign Language and, thus, has alleged a disability under the ADA.

Section 1630.2(i)(1)(i) identifies concentrating, thinking, communicating, interacting with others, and working as nonexclusive major life activities.

Hughes v. Certified Flooring Installation, Inc. · filed 2025-10-07(i)(1)(i)

Although CFI cites to “29 C.F.R. § 1613.702(c)” in its Motion to Dismiss (Doc. # 14), the definition of “Major life activities” is set forth in 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(i). That provision states in relevant part that major life activities “include, but are not limited to . . .cconcentrating, thinking, communicating, interacting with others, and working.” 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(i)(1)(i).

Section 1630.2(i)(1) provides a nonexclusive list of major life activities, including breathing, eating, sleeping, and the operation of major bodily functions such as respiratory functions.

Everett · filed 2025-10-14(i)(1)

The regulations explain that: Major life activities include, but are not limited to: (i) Caring for oneself, performing manual tasks, seeing, hearing, eating, sleeping, walking, standing, sitting, reaching, lifting, bending, speaking, breathing, learning, reading, concentrating, thinking, communicating, interacting with others, and working; and (ii) The operation of a major bodily function, including functions of the immune system, special sense organs and skin; normal cell growth; and digestive, genitourinary, bowel, bladder, neurological, brain, respiratory, circulatory, cardiovascular, endocrine, hemic, lymphatic, musculoskeletal, and reproductive functions. . . . 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(i)(1). Mr. Everett does not say what his respiratory problems are or whether they are severe enough to constitute a disability as defined by the ADA.

Sleeping and concentrating are major life activities, but alleging that an impairment affects them without describing the degree of impairment does not plausibly establish a substantial limitation.

Draghi · filed 2026-01-09(i)(1)(i)

To be sure, sleeping and concentrating are major life activities. See 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(i)(1)(i). But the complaint says nothing about the degree to which Draghi’s anxiety impaired those activities. It simply “recite[s] activities found in the [ADA] that [Draghi] could not adequately perform . . . .” This type of superficial description does not suffice to allege a substantial limitation on a major life activity.

Section 1630.2(i) defines “major life activities” to include activities such as walking, sitting, communicating, interacting with others, and working.

Goodenow · filed 2026-01-27(i)

The statute does not define the term “major life activities,” but an EEOC regulation defines it as “[c]aring for oneself, performing manual tasks, seeing, hearing, eating, sleeping, walking, standing, sitting, reaching, lifting, bending, speaking, breathing, learning, reading, concentrating, thinking, communicating, interacting with others, and working.”

Section 1630.2(i) recognizes working as a major life activity relevant to determining whether an impairment substantially limits a major life activity.

Peo in Interest of AC · filed 2026-02-12(i)

It was not until the eve of the termination hearing that mother provided more detailed information that her disability — though still not specifically identified in the records she submitted — substantially limited a major life activity, that is, her ability to work. See 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(i) (2025); see also People in Interest of S.Z.S., 2022 COA 133, ¶ 16 (“For a parent to benefit from a reasonable accommodation, the parent must raise the issue of the ADA’s applicability in a timely manner.”)

(i) treats activities such as walking, performing manual tasks, and working as major life activities relevant to determining whether an impairment substantially limits a person.

Crider · filed 2026-02-27(i)

Plaintiff must also allege that her disability substantially limits a major life activity, such as "'[caring for [her]self, performing manual tasks, walking, seeing, hearing, speaking, breathing, learning, [or] working.'" Ryan v. Grae & Rybicki, P.C., 135 F.3d 867, 870 (2d Cir. 1998) (quoting 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(i)). ... Walking is a major life activity, and Plaintiff's allegation that she uses a walker supports an inference that her disability substantially affects her daily activities.

Section 1630.2(i)(1)(i) lists major life activities, and a temporary inability to receive a vaccine does not by itself amount to a severe limitation on a major life activity.

Doe · filed 2026-03-30(i)(1)(i)

Major life activities include “[c]aring for oneself, performing manual tasks, seeing, hearing, eating, sleeping, walking, standing, sitting, reaching, lifting, bending, speaking, breathing, learning, reading, concentrating, thinking, communicating, interacting with others, and working.” 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(i)(1)(i). The only limitation alleged in the Complaint associated with Plaintiff’s COVID-19 diagnosis is, based on her physician’s opinion at the time, that Plaintiff was temporarily unable to receive a vaccine. A doctor’s advice not to receive a vaccine for a period of three months does not amount to a severe limitation on a major life activity such that it qualifies as a disability under the ADA.

Walking is a major life activity, but an impairment must substantially limit a person's ability to walk for the condition to support ADA disability status.

Sims v. Caesars Virginia, LLC · filed 2026-03-31(i)(1)(i)

Presumably, Sims would argue that he was substantially limited in the major life activity of walking. See 42 U.S.C. § 12102(2)(A); 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(i)(1)(i). But Exhibit A definitively establishes that he was not. Preferring not to walk is markedly distinct from being substantially limited in one’s ability to walk, which Sims was not.

Section 1630.2(i) gives an illustrative list of major life activities; an unlisted activity may qualify if it is significant.

Poindexter v. Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway Company · filed 1999-02-24(i)

Finally, if the asserted major life activity is not one of the examples listed above, under the plain meaning of the word "major," the " 'touchstone for determining an activity's inclusion under the statutory rubric is its significance.' " See Bragdon, 524 U.S. at ----, 118 S.Ct. at 2205 (quoting Abbott v. Bragdon, 107 F.3d 934, 940 (1st Cir.1997)).

Section 1630.2(i)'s list of major life activities is illustrative, and procreation is a major life activity.

Anderson v. Gus Mayer Boston Store of Delaware · filed 1996-03-23(i)

This listing is illustrative and not intended to be exhaustive. ... Impairments on the procreative process also substantially limit a major life activity.

Lifting is a major life activity under the ADA disability definition.

Lowe v. Angelo's Italian Foods, Inc. · filed 1996-07-02(i)

We hold that lifting is a major life activity and that the evidence creates a genuine issue of material fact with respect to whether Lowe’s impairment substantially limits her ability to lift.

Section 1630.2(i) defines major life activities to include caring for oneself, performing manual tasks, and working.

Rosamond v. Pennaco Hosiery, Inc. · filed 1996-10-02(i)

A relevant regulation provides that a “major life activity” is a “function such as caring for one’s self, performing manual tasks, walking, seeing, hearing, speaking, breathing, learning, and working.” 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(i); see Chandler, 2 F.3d at 1390 (quoting 45 C.F.R. § 84.3(j)(2)(ii) (1992)).

Working is a major life activity under the disability definitions in § 1630.2.

Yaba v. Roosevelt · filed 1997-04-16(i)

Yaba has alleged that her disability impaired her ability to work, a major life activity within the meaning of that term under the ADA See Wernick, 91 F.3d at 382 (citing 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(h)(2)(i).

Working is a major life activity under the ADA regulations.

Pazamickas v. New York State Office of Mental Retardation & Development Disabilities · filed 1997-05-28(f)

Under those regulations, "major life activities" include caring for oneself, performing manual tasks, speaking, hearing, walking, learning, breathing, and working.

Working is a major life activity, but inability to perform one particular job or work under one supervisor does not establish a qualifying disability.

Hobson v. Raychem Corp. · filed 1999-06-25(i)

In other words, the inability to perform one particular job, or to work under a particular supervisor, does not constitute a qualified disability.

Section 1630.2(i) defines major life activities to include sitting, standing, walking, lifting, reaching, performing manual tasks, working, and caring for oneself.

Davoll v. Webb · filed 1999-10-25(i)

The district court correctly instructed the jury that “major life activities” under the Americans with Disabilities Act include “sitting, standing, walking, lifting, reaching, performing manual tasks, working, and caring for oneself.”

Seeing is a major life activity under the ADA disability definition.

Reach v. AlliedSignal, Inc. · filed 2000-09-18(i)

The Court finds that Reach has a disability under the ADA. ... Reach’s condition has left his eyesight impaired, and seeing is defined as a major life activity.

Major life activities include seeing and working.

Kinsella v. Rumsfeld · filed 2001-11-16(f)

The term “major life activities” includes functions such as seeing and working. See 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(f). There is no dispute that plaintiffs physical impairment substantially limits his major life activity of seeing, but does not substantially limit his major life activity of working.

Walking and working are major life activities, but an impairment must substantially limit them to establish disability.

Satterly v. Borden Chemical, Inc. · filed 2001-12-11(i)

While walking and working are considered major life activities for purposes of the ADA, see 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2®, Satterly presented insufficient evidence that his Reiter’s Syndrome condition substantially limits such activities.

Speaking and walking are major life activities for determining whether an impairment qualifies as a disability.

Dudley v. Hannaford Bros. Co. · filed 2002-03-14(i)

Speaking and walking are major life activities. 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(i). Although Plaintiff can communicate and ambulate, the Court finds that his limitations are substantial enough to merit the protection of the Act.

Section 1630.2(i) identifies walking as a major life activity when determining whether an impairment is a disability.

Bearley v. Friendly Ice Cream Corp. · filed 2004-05-17(i)

According to 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(i), walking is specifically listed as a major life activity.

Section 1630.2(i) recognizes walking as a major life activity.

Jackson v. City of Chicago · filed 2003-11-25(i)

Walking is of course a major life activity as such (Dvorak v. Mostardi Platt Assocs., Inc., 289 F.3d 479, 483 (7th Cir.2002); 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(i)) — but what of the critical requirement that there must be a substantial limitation of that activity?

Walking is a major life activity, and a person substantially limited in walking has a disability under the ADA.

United States v. King · filed 2004-09-14(i)

In this case Miller, a paraplegic, is disabled under the ADA because he is substantially limited in the major life activity of walking.

Section 1630.2(i) includes walking among the major life activities used to assess disability.

Kelly v. Rice · filed 2005-03-04(i)

Walking is one of the “major” life activities as defined under the ADA.

Processing and eliminating waste from the blood are major life activities because they are essential to life.

Fiscus v. Wal Mart Stores Inc · filed 2004-10-05(i)

By that standard, ... processing and eliminating waste from the ... blood qualifies as a major life activity ... because, in their absence, death results.

Major life activities include walking and seeing.

Gee v. Minnesota State Colleges & Universities · filed 2005-07-26(i)

Second, the federal definition and interpretation of “major life activities” include both walking and seeing. The federal regulation explicitly includes both walking and seeing as major life activities, and other jurisdictions have applied similarly inclusive definitions.

Section 1630.2(i) defines major life activities to include performing manual tasks, walking, and working.

Goodman v. Potter · filed 2005-12-15(i)

“Major life activities” are defined by regulation as “functions, such as caring for oneself, performing manual tasks, walking, seeing, hearing, speaking, breathing, learning, and working.” 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(i). ... At the least, Ms. Goodman has created a genuine issue of material fact on whether she is disabled under the Act.

Driving is not a major life activity under § 1630.2(i).

Burgos v. Chertoff Ex Rel. United States Department of Homeland Security · filed 2007-01-09(i)

Although driving may be important, it cannot be sensibly included with the inability to see or to learn as a major life activity.

Caring for oneself is a major life activity under § 1630.2(i).

Alexander v. Tomlinson · filed 2007-08-15(i)

“[C]aring for one’s self’ is a “major life activity” under the applicable Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (“EEOC”) and Department of Health and Human Services (“HHS”) regulations.

Regular attendance at AA meetings does not establish a substantial limitation of a major life activity under § 1630.2.

Williams v. Savage · filed 2008-03-10

Indeed, the only effect that the plaintiffs muster in their complaint is that the disease has required them to regularly attend AA meetings for “a number of years.” ... This falls well short of the type of impairment necessary to qualify as a disability under the ADA. See 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(h)(2)© (defining major life activities as “functions such as caring for oneself, performing manual tasks, walking, seeing, hearing, speaking, breathing, learning, and working”); ... Accordingly, the court grants the D.C. defendants’ motion to dismiss the plaintiffs’ claims for failing ,to allege a substantial impairment to a major life activity, a record of such impairment or being regarded as having such an impairment.

Speaking and breathing are major life activities under § 1630.2; whether asthma substantially limits them depends on the facts.

Gonzalez-Rodriguez v. Potter · filed 2009-03-31(i)

The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission has classified breathing and speaking as “major life activities” for purposes of the ADA. ... Accordingly, it finds that there is, at the very least, an issue of material fact as to whether or not González’s asthma-related breathing and speaking impairment constitutes a limitation on a major life activity.

Major life activities include caring for oneself, walking, and speaking.

Brunker v. Schwan's Home Service, Inc. · filed 2009-10-22(f)

Major life activities covered by the ADA include “functions such as caring for [one’s self], performing manual tasks, walking, seeing, hearing, speaking, breathing, learning, and working.” ... The record contains adequate evidence to support a theory that Schwan’s regarded Brunker as being disabled in the major life activities of walking, caring for himself, and speaking.

Section 1630.2(i) provides a nonexhaustive list of major life activities, including caring for oneself, walking, learning, and working.

Hale v. King · filed 2011-05-26(i)

The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission’s regulations implementing the ADA provide a non-exhaustive list of “major life activities.” Such activities include “caring for oneself, performing manual tasks, walking, seeing, hearing, speaking, breathing, learning, and working.”

Major life activities are basic daily activities that an average person can perform with little or no difficulty, including caring for oneself, walking, learning, and working.

Negrón-Marty v. Wal-Mart Puerto Rico, Inc. · filed 2012-03-21(i)

“Major life activities are basic activities of daily life that an average person in the general population can perform with little or no difficulty — ‘functions such as caring for oneself, performing manual tasks, walking, seeing, hearing, speaking, breathing, learning, and working.’ ” Id. (quoting 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(i) (1991)).

Section 1630.2 includes breathing and respiratory functions among major life activities.

Lopez-Cruz v. Instituto De Gastroenterologia De P.R · filed 2013-08-16(i)(1)(i)-(ii)

The ADA states that a major life activity includes breathing, 42 U.S.C. § 12102(2)(A), and respiratory functions, 42 U.S.C. § 12102(2)(A). See also 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(i)(l)(I)-(ii). Thus, López plausibly pleads a major life activity when she avers that her respiratory problems and cardio-pulmonary symptoms include difficulty breathing and “extreme coughing.”

Section 1630.2(i) identifies caring for oneself as a major life activity when assessing disability under the ADA.

Ortiz v. Caparra Center Associates, LLC · filed 2016-03-21(i)

These allegations state a plausible allegation that J.D.S. is disabled within'the meaning of the ADA because it is reasonable to infer that she is unable to care for herself—a major life activity—when she is suffering from an epilepsy attack. See 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(i) (caring for one’s self is a major life activity).

Section 1630.2 includes sitting, standing, and walking among the major life activities used to assess whether an impairment is a disability.

Medina-Rodriguez v. Farmacia Medina Inc. · filed 2017-12-20(i)

Major life activities include "caring for oneself, performing manual tasks, seeing, hearing, eating, sleeping, walking, standing, [and] sitting." 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2.

Lifting is a major life activity, and alleged lifting restrictions can plausibly show a substantial limitation at the pleading stage.

Ross · filed 2026-04-22(i)(1)(i)

The ADA lists “lifting” as an example of a major life activity. 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(i)(1)(i). At this stage, Plaintiff’s allegations that she suffered injuries to her shoulders and neck in January ... 2024 that imposed lifting and pushing restrictions lasting through the remainder of her employment plausibly suggest a substantial limitation on a major life activity.

Section 1630.2(i)(1) includes major bodily functions among major life activities; the evidence of a stroke did not establish as a matter of law that those activities were substantially affected.

U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission v. UPS Ground Freight, Inc. · filed 2020-04-27(i)(1)

The Court evaluated this evidence and found that it fell short of establishing as a matter of law that the stroke substantially affected Diebold’s “major life activities,” which under the regulation includes his major bodily functions.

Section 1630.2(o)(2) identifies job restructuring, part-time or modified work schedules, and reassignment to a vacant position as examples of reasonable accommodations.

Romano v. AC360 Media, LLC · filed 2023-01-20(o)(2)

Reasonable accommodations may include, inter alia, “job restructuring; part-time or modified work schedules; [or] reassignment to a vacant position.” 29 CFR § 1630.2(o)(2).

Section 1630.2(o)(2)(ii) identifies job restructuring, modified work schedules, reassignment to a vacant position, equipment modification, and similar measures as examples of reasonable accommodation.

Haga v. Heatcraft Inc. · filed 1998-07-22(o)(2)(ii)

Reasonable accommodation may include job restructuring, part-time or modified work schedules, reassignment to a vacant position, acquisition or modification of equipment or devices, or similar accommodations for individuals with disabilities. 42 U.S.C. § 12111(9)(B); 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(o)(2)(ii). ... It is well established under the ADA that the employer’s duty to reasonably accommodate a disabled employee includes reassignment to a vacant position for which the employee is qualified.

Section 1630.2 treats an adjustment that enables a qualified employee with a disability to perform essential functions—including acquiring or modifying equipment—as a reasonable accommodation, and a neutral employer rule alone does not make that adjustment facially unreasonable.

Hampton v. Utah Department of Corrections · filed 2023-12-04(o)(1)(ii), (o)(2)(ii), and (n)(3)

These reasonable accommodations included, as an enumerated example, the “acquisition or modification of equipment or devices.” 42 U.S.C. § 12111(9)(B); see also 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(o)(2)(ii) (defining reasonable accommodation to include “acquisition or modifications of equipment or devices”). To find the “acquisition or modification of equipment or devices” facially unreasonable, when Congress used it as a paradigmatic example of a reasonable accommodation, would, we believe, frustrate Congress’s stated ends.

Section 1630.2(i) identifies major life activities, while § 1630.2(o)(2)(ii) recognizes reassignment to a vacant position as a possible reasonable accommodation.

Baert v. Euclid Beverage, Limited · filed 1998-08-10(i); (o)(2)(ii)

“Major life activities” include functions such as caring for oneself, performing manual tasks, breathing, walking, seeing, hearing, speaking, learning and working. ... 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(i). ... 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(o)(2)(ii) (reassignment to a vacant position is another possible accommodation under the ADA).

Section 1630.2(h)'s guidance excludes a characteristic predisposition to illness or disease from the definition of an impairment, so regarding someone as predisposed to illness does not by itself mean regarding them as disabled.

Cornman v. N.P. Dodge Management Co. · filed 1999-02-22(h)

A “characteristic predisposition to illness or disease” does not qualify as an impairment, 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(h) interpretive guidance; thus, the fact that Defendant regarded Plaintiff as predisposed to some illness cannot, by definition, mean that Defendant regarded Plaintiff as disabled.

Section 1630.2(h) defines an impairment as a physiological disorder or condition affecting a body system and excludes a characteristic predisposition to illness or disease.

Frith v. Warner Bros. Discovery, Inc. · filed 2025-02-10(h)

“[T]he EEOC’s own interpretive guidance specifically states that ‘the definition [of impairment]... does not include characteristic predisposition to illness or disease.” Morriss v. BNSF Ry. Co., 817 F.3d 1104, 1113 (8th Cir. 2016) (quoting 29 C.F.R. Pt. 1630, app. § 1630.2(h)). Accordingly, the Fifth Circuit has held that “being at risk of developing a condition is insufficient to state a disability-discrimination claim under the ADA.” Chancey v. BASF, No. 23-40032, 2023 WL 6598065, at *2 (5th Cir. Oct. 10, 2023). ... Here, however, Frith’s family history and genetic predisposition to sudden cardiac arrest do not presently affect his physical body. Unlike the abnormal cell growth in Darby or the altered white blood cells in Bragdon, Frith’s alleged genetic predisposition and family history cause him no physical impairment. This fact alone is fatal to his disability discrimination and failure-to-accommodate claims.

Subsection (j) defines “substantially limits” by comparing a person's ability to perform a major life activity with that of the average person, and for working, by comparing the ability to perform a class or broad range of jobs.

McCrary v. Aurora Public Schools · filed 2003-01-29(j)

The regulations define the term “substantially limits” as follows: ... (ii) Significantly restricted as to the condition, manner or duration under which an individual can perform a particular major life activity as compared to the condition, manner or duration under which the average person in the general population can perform that same major life activity. 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(j). If the MLA is working, however, the regulations define “substantially limits” as “significantly restricted in the ability to perform either a class of jobs or a broad range of jobs in various classes as compared to the average person having comparable training, skills and abilities.” Id. § 1630.2(j)(3)(i).

The inability to perform a single, particular job does not substantially limit the major life activity of working.

Runkle v. Potter · filed 2003-06-23(j)(3)(i)

The inability to perform a single, particular job does not constitute a substantial limitation in the major life activity of working.

Section 1630.2(q) requires an individual to meet qualification standards to be eligible for a position, while § 1630.2(r) defines a direct threat as a significant risk of substantial harm that cannot be eliminated or reduced by reasonable accommodation and identifies four factors for evaluating that risk.

Coleman v. Pennsylvania State Police · filed 2014-03-20(q) (r)

Such “qualification standards,” as they are called, must be met for an individual “to be eligible for the position held or desired.” 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(q). Since Coleman never completed his probationary training as required by PSP, he never received the full educational experience necessary to become a State Trooper. He therefore was not “qualified” at the time of his dismissal. ... Direct threat means a significant risk of substantial harm to the health or safety of the individual or others that cannot be eliminated or reduced by reasonable accommodation. ... In determining whether an individual would pose a direct threat, the factors to be considered include: (1) The duration of the risk; (2) The nature and severity of the potential harm; (3) The likelihood that the potential harm will occur; and (4) The imminence of the potential harm. 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(r). ... In this case, the Seizure Protocol is consistent with the law because it appropriately addresses the issue of whether a Trooper candidate’s employment would pose a “direct threat.” ... Since, according to his research, an individual with two seizures is 75 to 90 percent more likely to suffer a third seizure within a five-year period, the time period of five years is a reasonable requirement and suited to the end for which it is designed.

Section 1630.2(m) treats job prerequisites as part of qualification, subsection (q) covers employer-set medical and safety qualification standards, and subsection (r) requires consideration of four factors in determining whether a direct threat exists.

Granas v. Union Pacific Railroad Company · filed 2023-09-21(m), (q), (r)

To be considered qualified, an individual must satisfy the “prerequisites for the position, such as possessing the appropriate educational background, employment experience, skills, licenses, etc.” 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(m). ... The Court finds that plaintiff and defendant have presented conflicting evidence demonstrating a triable issue of fact as to whether plaintiff is “qualified” to work under defendant’s 1% policy. ... An employer must also present evidence that, at the time is issued the adverse decision, it considered the primary factors in the direct threat analysis: “(1) The duration of the risk; (2) [t]he nature and severity of the potential harm; (3) [t]he likelihood that the potential harm will occur; and (4) [t]he imminence of the potential harm.” 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(r); Echazabal, 336 F.3d at 1031. ... Defendant is unable to meet the heavy burden of proof required of the direct threat affirmative defense. ... The consistent opinions of plaintiff’s treating physician here are enough to establish a triable issue as to the duration of risk, likelihood that harm will occur, and the imminence of that harm. See 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(r). Accordingly, defendant’s motion is denied as to plaintiff’s first and fourth claims. ... Qualification standards include “medical, safety and other requirements established by [an employer] as requirements [] to be eligible for the position held[.]” 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(q). ... Accordingly, defendant has not shown, as a matter of law, that its 1% policy is not selection criteria that screens out or tends to screen out an individual with a disability. 42 U.S.C. § 12112(b)(6). Therefore, defendant’s motion for summary judgment is denied as to plaintiff’s second claim for relief.

The regulation defines substantial limitation by comparison with the average person on a case-by-case basis and makes employer judgment, job descriptions, time spent, and other listed evidence relevant but not conclusive in deciding whether a function is essential.

Jeffrey v. Ashcroft · filed 2003-09-26(h)(1), (i), (j)(1)(ii), (n)(2), (n)(3), (n)(2)(i), (n)(3)(i), (n)(2)(ii), (n)(2)(iii), (n)(3)(ii), (n)(3)(iii), (r)

Under the regulations implementing the ADA, the term “substantially limits” means “[sjignificantly restricted as to the condition, manner or duration under which an individual can perform a particular major life activity as compared to the condition, manner, or duration under which the average person in the general population can perform that same major life activity.” 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(j)(l)(ii). Whether a particular impairment substantially limits a major life activity requires an individualized assessment on a case-by-case basis. ... Regulations implementing the ADA identify reasons why a job function may be considered essential. 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(n)(2). The regulations also list evidence pertinent to a determination of whether a particular job function is essential. 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(n)(3). ... An employer’s judgment as to the essential functions of a particular job is indeed pertinent evidence. ... The employer’s judgment, however, is not conclusive. ... “Determining whether a particular function is essential is a factual inquiry.”

Section 1630.2(n)(1) treats essential functions as fundamental job duties rather than marginal duties, while § 1630.2(j)(1)(i) requires substantial limitation to be construed broadly and as a non-demanding standard.

Gavurnik v. Home Properties, L.P. · filed 2017-01-03(n)(1), (j)(1)(i)

“Essential functions" refers to the “fundamental job duties of the employment position,” not “the marginal functions of the position.” 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(n)(1). ... The Court concludes that mandatory overtime for snow removal is an essential function of service technicians at Home Properties. ... “Substantially limits” “shall be construed broadly in favor of expansive coverage” and “is not meant to be a demanding standard.” 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(j)(1)(i).

In the context of fringe benefits, reasonable accommodation means modifications or adjustments enabling an employee with a disability to enjoy equal benefits and privileges of employment.

Bower v. Federal Express Corp. · filed 2003-10-16(o)(1)(iii)

“Reasonable accommodation” in the context of fringe benefits is defined as, “[mjodifica-tions or adjustments that enable a covered entity’s employee with a disability to enjoy equal benefits and privileges of employment as are enjoyed by its other similarly situated employees without disabilities.” 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(o)(l)(iii). Therefore, if the jumpseat program is a fringe benefit program, then FedEx must reasonably accommodate qualified individuals so that they might benefit from the program.

Section 1630.2(j)(1) guides the substantial-limitation inquiry by comparing the condition, manner, or duration of the person's major-life-activity performance with that of an average person.

Jaffe v. Catholic Medical Center · filed 2003-11-24(j)(1)

Courts assess the severity of the restriction under the guidance of the EEOC regulations, without deciding the validity of those regulations, by considering the “condition, manner, or duration” of the plaintiff’s ability to do a particular major life activity as compared to an average person.

The regulation defines substantial limitation, mental impairment, major life activities, and substantial limitation in working; the court applied those definitions to conclude that generalized stress and inability to work beyond a regular workweek did not establish an ADA disability.

Matheson v. Virgin Islands Community Bank, Corp. · filed 2003-12-19(j)(1)(i)-(ii), (h)(2), (i), (j)(3)(i)

An individual is “substantially limited” if he is (1) unable to perform a major life activity that the average person in the general population can perform, or; (2) significantly restricted as to the condition, manner, or duration under which an individual can perform a particular major life activity as compared to the condition, manner or duration under which the average person in the general population can perform that same major life activity. 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(j)(l)(i)-(ii). ... Although the statute does not define “major life activities” the EEOC has issued regulations which describe major life activities as “functions such as caring for oneself, performing manual tasks, walking, seeing, hearing, speaking, breathing, learning and working.” 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(i). ... With respect to the major life activity of working, the term “substantially limits” means “significantly restricted in the ability to perform either a class of jobs or a broad range of jobs in various classes as compared to the average person having comparable training.” 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(j)(3)(i). ... In summary, although he fails to name his disability, even if the Court assumes he alleges a “stress” ailment, generalized “stress” is not a disability within the meaning of the ADA. Moreover, Plaintiffs inability to work beyond a regular work week is not an impairment of a major life activity for the purposes of establishing a disability. For those reasons, the Court will grant Defendants Prosser and VICB’s motion to dismiss.

Section 1630.2(j)(3)(i) says that inability to perform one particular job is not a substantial limitation on the major life activity of working.

Epps v. The City of Pine Lawn · filed 2003-12-19(i), (j)(3)(i)

We hold that the district court properly granted summary judgment to Pine Lawn because Epps failed to establish that Pine Lawn perceived him to be disabled within the meaning of the ADA or MHRA. Pine Lawn concluded that Epps could not perform the particular job of a Pine Lawn police officer. This, however, is insufficient to establish an ADA or MHRA claim. “The inability to perform a single, particular job does not constitute a substantial limitation on the major life activity of working.” 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(j)(3)(i).

Section 1630.2(j)(3)(I) provides that inability to perform one particular job is not a substantial limitation in the major life activity of working.

Bodenstab v. County of Cook · filed 2008-01-28(j)(3)(I)

The Hospital argues that Boden-stab is not disabled merely because his mental disability creates con- flict with Hospital personnel and thus sub- stantially limits his ability to work at one particular hospital. See Squibb, 497 F.3d at 782; Rooney, 410 F.3d at 381; 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(j)(3)(I) (inability to per- form one particular job does not constitute a substantial limitation in the major life activity of working). ... Bodenst-ab’s illness, however, interferes only with his ability to work at one particular Hospital, and not as an anesthesiologist generally, and thus, is not substantially limited with regard to the major life activity of working.

Section 1630.2(n) defines essential functions as fundamental job duties rather than marginal functions and directs an individualized, fact-based inquiry using specified criteria to determine whether a function is essential.

Cargill v. Harvard University · filed 2004-03-08(n)(1), (n)(2)(i)-(iii), (n)(3)

The Federal courts define “essential functions” along similar lines. “An essential function is a ‘fundamental job dut[y]’ of the employment position the individual with a disability holds or desires .... The term does not include ‘marginal functions of the position’ . . . .” 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(n)(l) (2003).

Section 1630.2(j)(1) defines substantial limitation by comparing a person's ability to perform a major life activity with that of the average person.

Hylinger v. Union Pacific Railroad · filed 2008-03-07(j)(1)

A “substantial limitation” is when a person is “unable to perform a major life activity that the average person in the general population can perform; or [was] significantly restricted as to the condition, manner or duration under which an individual can perform a particular major life activity as compared to ... the average person in the general population.” 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(j).

Section 1630.2(j)(2)(i) identifies the nature and severity of an impairment as a factor in determining whether it substantially limits a major life activity.

Williams v. Potter · filed 2004-05-05(j)(2)(i)

In determining whether an individual is substantially limited in a major life activity, the Court considers three factors: (1) the nature and severity of the impairment; (2) the duration or expected duration of the impairment; and (3) the permanent long term impact, or expected permanent or long term impact of or resulting from the impairment. ... To be substantially limited in performing manual tasks the impairment’s impact must be permanent or long term. ... In this case, plaintiffs impairment allowed her to return to light duty work in January of 1999, about four months after she stopped work on September 10, 1998. Such a period of time is not considered long term.

Section 1630.2(j)(2)(i) directs courts to consider the nature and severity of an impairment when deciding whether it substantially limits a major life activity.

Emory v. Astrazeneca Pharmaceuticals Lp · filed 2005-03-11(j)(2)(i)

The “nature and severity,” 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(j)(2)(i), of Emory’s learning impairments are such that he cannot intake or process basic information the way average individuals do, often unconsciously.

Section 1630.2(h)(2) treats depression as a mental impairment under the ADA.

Rosteutcher v. MidMichigan Physicians Group · filed 2004-08-30(h)(2)

“Depression” qualifies as an impairment under the ADA. 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(h)(2). The question which remains, therefore, is “whether a reasonable jury could conclude that [the] depression substantially limited a major life activity.”

Section 1630.2(j) defines “substantially limits” by comparing the person’s ability to perform a major life activity with that of the average person, and subsection (j)(2)(i) requires considering the impairment’s nature and severity.

Brettler v. Purdue University · filed 2006-01-10(j)(2)(i)

“Substantially limits” means “[u]nable to perform a major life activity that the average person in the general population can perform; or [significantly restricted as to the condition, manner or duration under which an individual can perform a particular major life activity as compared to the condition, manner, or duration under which the average person in the general population can perform that same major life activity.” 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2Q). When considering whether an individual is substantially limited in' a major life activity, a court considers “[t]he nature and severity of the impairment; [t]he duration or expected duration of the impairment; and [t]he permanent or long-term impact, or the expected -permanent or long-term impact of or resulting from the impairment.” 29 C.F.R. § 1630.2(j)(2)(i)-(iii).