Federal Agency Decisions
Federal workers' compensation appeals from the Department of Labor's Employees' Compensation Appeals Board (ECAB), federal-sector labor-relations cases from the Federal Labor Relations Authority (FLRA), mine-safety cases from the Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission (FMSHRC), workplace-safety cases from the Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission (OSHRC), Longshore Act and Black Lung Benefits Act appeals from the Department of Labor's Benefits Review Board (BRB), precedent decisions of the Board of Immigration Appeals (BIA), environmental permit and penalty appeals from the EPA's Environmental Appeals Board (EAB), and whistleblower and other labor appeals from the Department of Labor's Administrative Review Board (ARB), each with a plain-English summary, the law it cites, and whether it counts as precedent. More agencies are coming.
No decisions match these filters
Try fewer or different words, check the spelling, or clear the filters to browse everything.
B.W. and U.S. Postal Service, Lithia Springs Post Office
Board keeps postal worker’s nine percent right arm award (ECAB 25-0622)
A postal employee sought an award for her left arm and more than the nine percent impairment previously awarded for her right arm. The Board credited a physician's guide-based measurement showing no ratable left arm impairment and nine percent right arm impairment. No other medical evidence…
Matter of K-S-H-
Asylum denial affirmed
The respondent, a Sikh citizen of India, sought protection after members of the Hindu religion and the RSS party attacked and threatened him over his relationship with a Hindu woman. The Board held that his single unsuccessful attempt to report one incident to local police, without further harm…
ZPMC North America Inc.
In re ZPMC North America Inc. (EAB CAA Appeal No. 25-12C): HFC import settlement approved
ZPMC North America Inc. imported 202 kilograms of HFC-227ea, a regulated hydrofluorocarbon, through the Port of Newark in July 2025. EPA alleged that ZPMC imported the bulk substance without expending the required allowances and failed to submit an advance notification report. ZPMC agreed to the…
A.M. and U.S. Postal Service, Westchester Post Office
Board upholds denial of postal worker's remaining wage loss claim (ECAB 25-0788)
A postal customer care agent claimed additional time away from work beginning October 31, 2024. OWCP had accepted earlier psychological conditions and fibromyalgia. Her psychologist attributed the new absence to a later customer encounter, but did not connect the claimed disability to the accepted…
R.T. and Department of the Army, Defense Health Agency
Board declines to reopen Army employee's compensation claim (ECAB 25-0760)
An Army health aide sought reconsideration of decisions concerning disability and additional conditions after a fall at work. The Board reviewed only whether OWCP properly declined to reopen the merits. The newly submitted physician reports substantially repeated medical evidence already in the…
A.P. and U.S. Postal Service, Upper Marlboro Post Office
Board returns postal carrier's wage loss claim for full evidence review (ECAB 25-0719)
A postal carrier sought wage loss compensation after an accepted left ankle injury. She said the assigned routes exceeded her medical restrictions, while the Postal Service reported that suitable work was available. OWCP denied the claim after discussing only some of her doctor's reports. The Board…
L.G. and U.S. Postal Service, San Diego Post Office
Board upholds refusal to reopen postal clerk's injury claim (ECAB 25-0718)
A postal customer service clerk sought reconsideration of her denied injury claim. She submitted another report from her physician connecting back and hand conditions to work. The Board found the report substantially similar to evidence OWCP had already considered. Because it presented no relevant…
P.H. and U.S. Postal Service, Oklahoma City AMF Retail Post Office
Board upholds recovery of postal worker's life insurance overpayment (ECAB 24-0255)
OWCP failed for years to deduct a postal worker's life insurance premiums from her wage loss compensation, creating a $21,395.01 overpayment. The Board agreed she was without fault, but upheld denial of a waiver because her reported $180,321 in assets exceeded the applicable resource limit. It also…
Matter of Miguel Angel Otoniel CAHUEC TZALAM
Matter of CAHUEC TZALAM (BIA ID 4138): administrative closure vacated and remanded
The Department of Homeland Security appealed an Immigration Judge's administrative closure of removal proceedings for an 18-year-old citizen of Guatemala who had a pending petition for special immigrant juvenile classification. The Board held that the respondent had not submitted evidence showing…
Harvest Four Corners, LLC
In re Harvest Four Corners, LLC (EAB CAA Appeal No. 24-09): permit appeal dismissed after revision
Harvest Four Corners, LLC petitioned the Environmental Appeals Board to review provisions of its Clean Air Act Title V operating permit. The Board held the matter in abeyance while the parties pursued settlement and EPA Region 6 reopened and revised the permit. EPA issued the revised permit on…
Matter of Jose Alejandro RODRIGUEZ PENA
Matter of RODRIGUEZ PENA (BIA ID 4150): bond release vacated
The respondent had been released on a $7,500 bond while removal proceedings were pending. The Board held that a recent arrest based on a threat to kill someone, an escalated reaction to police intervention, the use of an alias to evade arrest, and a false claim of U.S. citizenship showed that he…
Matter of L-A-G-B-
CAT deferral vacated
The Department of Homeland Security appealed an Immigration Judge's grant of deferral of removal under the Convention Against Torture to a citizen of Panama with a drug-trafficking conviction. The Board held that the Immigration Judge's prediction of future torture relied on unsupported inferences…
Matter of N-P-A-
Protection claims denied
The Department of Homeland Security appealed an Immigration Judge's grant of asylum, withholding of removal, and protection under the Convention Against Torture to a citizen of Moldova from the Transnistria region. The Board held that an identical summons had not harmed the respondent's son, that…
Matter of C-I-G-M- & L-V-S-G-
Asylum cooperative agreement bar sent back for assessment
The Department of Homeland Security brought an interlocutory appeal after an Immigration Judge denied its motion to pretermit the respondents' asylum, withholding of removal, and Convention Against Torture protection applications. The respondents, natives and citizens of Guatemala, argued that they…
Matter of Jose Antonio LEMA MIZHIRUMBAY
Matter of LEMA MIZHIRUMBAY (BIA ID 4148): cancellation of removal vacated
The Department of Homeland Security appealed an Immigration Judge's grant of cancellation of removal to Jose Antonio Lema Mizhirumbay, a citizen of Ecuador and the father of five United States citizen children. The Board recognized his family ties, church service, employment history, and the…
Matter of J-A-N-M-
Discretionary termination of withholding-only proceedings vacated
The Department of Homeland Security appealed after an Immigration Judge granted discretionary termination of withholding-only proceedings for a Honduran applicant who had reentered the United States after a prior removal. The applicant had expressed fear of return, but the Immigration Judge had…
Matter of Negusie
Stay vacated and prior persecutor-bar opinion operative
The Attorney General reviewed a referral involving an applicant whose asylum and withholding claims had been denied under the persecutor bar, while deferral of removal under the Convention Against Torture had been granted. The Attorney General vacated the stay of the Board's March 16, 2021, order…
Matter of Gholam GHANBARI
Matter of GHANBARI (BIA ID 4153): bond order vacated
The respondent had received a bond order after an Immigration Judge found that the Department of Homeland Security was substantially unlikely to prove he was removable for providing material support to the Mojahedin-e-Khalq, or MEK. The Board held that the record, including the respondent's prior…
Matter of Chong Sik KIM
Cancellation of removal denied
The Department of Homeland Security appealed an Immigration Judge's grant of cancellation of removal to a lawful permanent resident from South Korea who had engaged in repeated fraud and theft for decades. The Board held that the respondent's extensive criminal history, repeated incarceration, and…
Metro Ports, d/b/a Southeast Crescent Shipping
Five lead and cadmium items vacated
Metro Ports operated a marine terminal at the Port of Wilmington, North Carolina, where it handled sealed bulk containers of Waelz oxide containing trace lead and cadmium. OSHA cited five serious violations involving respiratory-hazard evaluation, housekeeping, hazard communication, and…
Matter of J-H-M-H-
CAT appeal dismissed after stipulation rejected
The respondent, a transgender woman from Honduras, and the Department of Homeland Security jointly stipulated that she was eligible for deferral of removal under the Convention Against Torture. The Immigration Judge rejected the stipulation, denied CAT protection, and later denied a joint motion to…
Matter of Israel PALMA-OLVERA
Matter of PALMA-OLVERA (BIA ID 4149): cancellation of removal vacated
The Department of Homeland Security appealed an Immigration Judge's grant of cancellation of removal to Israel Palma-Olvera, who had two convictions for driving while intoxicated during the relevant period. The Board held that the convictions triggered a rebuttable presumption that he lacked good…
Secretary of Labor v. Harrison County Coal Resources, Inc.
Three coal-mine citations upheld with one negligence reduction
MSHA cited Harrison County Coal Resources for an inadequately guarded shuttle-car cable reel, travel under unsupported roof, and a hole in a permanent ventilation stopping. The Judge found that gaps in a makeshift rubber cover could allow contact with the moving chain and spool, even though an…
James T. Gregory v. Island Creek Coal Company
Gregory v. Island Creek Coal (BRB 25-0017 BLA): black lung award affirmed as timely
James Gregory filed a later claim for black lung benefits, and Island Creek Coal contested only whether he filed it in time. The employer argued that a 1985 Kentucky workers' compensation award and older medical records had already notified Gregory that he was totally disabled by pneumoconiosis…
Walker v. Transport Refrigeration Services
SOX dismissal vacated because private-company status did not defeat jurisdiction
Jeffrey Walker alleged that Transport Refrigeration Services fired him after he threatened to report false inventory data provided to Walmart. An ALJ dismissed his Sarbanes-Oxley complaint for lack of jurisdiction because the employer was not publicly traded. The Board vacated that order and sent…
National Treasury Employees Union, Chapters 296 and 336 and United States Department of the Interior, National Park Service, Washington, D.C.
NTEU Chapters 296 and 336 and National Park Service (FLRA 0-NG-3729): Authority rejects 90-day remote-work recall rule
NTEU Chapters 296 and 336 challenged the National Park Service's disapproval of a telework and remote-work provision. One subsection would prevent termination of most remote-work agreements on less than 90 days' notice and require an opportunity to improve before termination. The Authority held…
United States Small Business Administration and American Federation of Government Employees, Council 228
Small Business Administration and AFGE Council 228 (FLRA 0-AR-5936): Authority upholds removal of suspension
The Small Business Administration suspended a loan specialist for three days based on performance, failure-to-follow-directives, and unprofessional-communication charges. An arbitrator found misconduct but concluded that the suspension lacked just and sufficient cause after considering the…
United States Department of Agriculture, Office of the Chief Financial Officer and Office of the Chief Information Officer and American Federation of Government Employees, Local 2341
USDA offices and AFGE Local 2341 (FLRA AT-RP-25-0035): Authority rejects affiliation change
AFGE Local 2341 voted to change its national affiliation from AFGE to the National Treasury Employees Union and sought an amended bargaining-unit certification. The regional director dismissed the petition because the meeting notices and ballot described only a national-affiliation change and…
O'Reilly v. Industrial Automation, Inc.
Clean Air Act complaint dismissal upheld for discovery noncompliance
Ray O’Reilly alleged that Industrial Automation fired him after he complained about workplace air quality and respiratory problems. The Board upheld the ALJ’s dismissal with prejudice of his Clean Air Act retaliation complaint as a discovery sanction. It found that he repeatedly failed to answer…
R.E. and Department of Justice, Drug Enforcement Administration
Board dismisses DEA employee's late appeal (ECAB 25-0835)
A DEA employee appealed an OWCP decision more than three years after its issuance. The Board's filing deadline was 180 days, and the employee gave no documented compelling reason for the delay. The Board dismissed the appeal without reviewing the underlying compensation claim.
M.A. and Department of the Army, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
Board returns Army mechanic's hearing award for correct tinnitus rating (ECAB 25-0693)
An Army power plant mechanic sought more than a three percent right ear hearing loss award. OWCP's medical adviser added a tinnitus rating to the right ear's monaural impairment. The Board found that the applicable impairment guide allows a tinnitus addition to measurable binaural impairment, so…
E.B. and U.S. Postal Service, Processing and Distribution Center
Board keeps postal worker's leg award and denies long-distance travel costs (ECAB 25-0132)
A postal worker sought an increase above her existing 27 percent left leg impairment award and reimbursement for a medical trip of 1,626 miles round trip plus lodging. The Board found the impairment evidence did not support a higher rating. It also upheld denial of travel costs because she had not…
Matter of Maricruz JIMENEZ-AYALA
Matter of JIMENEZ-AYALA (BIA ID 4142): cancellation of removal vacated
The Department of Homeland Security appealed an Immigration Judge's grant of cancellation of removal to a lawful permanent resident of Mexico who had been convicted of child endangerment. The Board held that the respondent's long-term methamphetamine use, drug use in the presence of her children…
Matter of L-A-L-T-
Asylum grant vacated and record remanded
The Department of Homeland Security appealed an Immigration Judge's grant of asylum to a citizen of El Salvador who said Salvadoran police and gang members harmed him because they believed he was a gang member. The Board held that the proposed group of perceived Salvadoran gang members was not…
Jerry D. Edwards v. Island Creek Coal Company
Edwards v. Island Creek Coal (BRB 25-0057 BLA): black lung benefits award affirmed
Jerry Edwards qualified for the 15-year black lung presumption after a judge found more than 28 years of qualifying coal mine work and a totally disabling respiratory impairment. Island Creek Coal argued that his impairment resulted from lung cancer and surgery rather than coal mine dust. The judge…
Jay Dunlap v. Fluor Conops, Ltd.
Dunlap v. Fluor Conops (BRB 24-0094): attorney fee rates returned for explanation
Jay Dunlap's Defense Base Act claims were resolved through stipulations, leaving a dispute over his lawyer's fee for work before the district director. The lawyer requested more than $22,000, but the district director awarded $9,911 after reducing hourly rates and billed hours. The Board left the…
D.R. and U.S. Postal Service, Marion Post Office
Board upholds recovery of postal worker's $19,681.55 overpayment (ECAB 25-0856)
A postal worker received FECA wage loss benefits and Social Security retirement benefits attributable to federal service without the required offset. The Board upheld the resulting $19,681.55 overpayment and found him without fault. It denied waiver because his reported assets of $531,416.24…
M.B. and U.S. Postal Service, Fort Collins Post Office
Board upholds end of postal carrier's injury benefits (ECAB 25-0812)
A rural postal carrier received benefits after a 2007 right shoulder injury. OWCP ended those benefits based on a second opinion examination. The Board found the examiner's review, clinical findings, and MRI discussion supported his conclusion that the accepted injury had resolved and she could…
G.L. and U.S. Postal Service, Pound Ridge Post Office
Board returns postal carrier's wage loss claim for combined file review (ECAB 25-0793)
A rural postal carrier sought wage loss compensation connected to an accepted 2022 injury. A prior claim involved some of the same body parts. The Board found that OWCP needed both claim files together to consider all relevant evidence before deciding the current claim. It set aside the denial and…
K.G. and U.S. Postal Service, Kansas City Post Office
Board orders independent exam on postal worker's left ankle claim (ECAB 25-0792)
A mail handler with an accepted right foot fracture asked OWCP to also accept left ankle instability. His treating podiatrist said walking in a right foot boot shifted force to the left ankle; OWCP's medical adviser disagreed. The Board found a conflict between these medical opinions. It set aside…
J.P. and Department of Agriculture, U.S. Forest Service, Tonto National Forest
Board rejects Forest Service worker's injury claim and late hearing request (ECAB 25-0740)
A Forest Service employee sought compensation for a back condition after a December 2024 work incident. The Board found that the medical evidence did not explain how that incident caused a diagnosed condition. It also upheld OWCP's rejection of his oral hearing request, filed more than 30 days…
B.C. and U.S. Postal Service, Main Post Office
Board upholds denial of postal worker's late reconsideration requests (ECAB 18-1496)
A postal worker asked OWCP to reconsider old decisions about a recurrence of disability and terminated benefits. Her 2018 requests came more than one year after the relevant merit decisions. The Board found that her arguments did not show clear evidence of error in those decisions, which was…
Volkswagen Group of America, Inc.
In re Volkswagen Group of America, Inc. (EAB CAA Appeal No. 25-11C): HFC vehicle air-conditioning settlement approved
Volkswagen Group of America, Inc. manufactures light-duty passenger vehicles. Between October 24, 2024 and January 21, 2025, it manufactured 1,012 Model Year 2025 Atlas vehicles using HFC-134a in their air-conditioning equipment. The compound has a global warming potential of 1,430, above the 150…
Teresa Day on behalf of Timothy Day v. ICG Hazard, LLC
Day v. ICG Hazard (BRB 24-0467 BLA): black lung award and February 2016 start date affirmed
Teresa Day pursued her late husband Timothy Day's black lung claim after a judge found 30 years of qualifying coal mine employment and a totally disabling respiratory impairment. The employer attributed his severe obstructive lung disease solely to smoking. The Board held that the employer's doctor…
Dominguez v. Bethlehem Steel Corporation, Zabid v. VHB Global, Incorporated, and Lester v. Blackhawk Mining, LLC
Dominguez, Zabid, and Lester (BRB 24-0201, 24-0390, and 24-0222): one appeal dismissed and two briefing schedules set
The Board consolidated three appeals to consider whether the 30 day deadline for appealing an administrative law judge's order is jurisdictional or a mandatory claim processing rule. It held that the deadline is subject to waiver and forfeiture, and that the respondent must raise untimeliness. It…
Dominguez v. Bethlehem Steel Corporation, Zabid v. VHB Global, Incorporated, and Lester v. Blackhawk Mining, LLC
Dominguez, Zabid, and Lester (BRB 24-0201, 24-0390, and 24-0222): one appeal dismissed and two briefing schedules set
The Board consolidated three appeals to consider whether the 30 day deadline for appealing an administrative law judge's order is jurisdictional or a mandatory claim processing rule. It held that the deadline is subject to waiver and forfeiture, and that the respondent must raise untimeliness. It…
Dominguez v. Bethlehem Steel Corporation, Zabid v. VHB Global, Incorporated, and Lester v. Blackhawk Mining, LLC
Dominguez, Zabid, and Lester (BRB 24-0201, 24-0390, and 24-0222): one appeal dismissed and two briefing schedules set
The Board consolidated three appeals to consider whether the 30 day deadline for appealing an administrative law judge's order is jurisdictional or a mandatory claim processing rule. It held that the deadline is subject to waiver and forfeiture, and that the respondent must raise untimeliness. It…
Rebecca Dominguez v. Bethlehem Steel Corporation; Naser Zabid v. VHB Global, Incorporated; Conrad Lester v. Blackhawk Mining, LLC
Dominguez, Zabid, and Lester (BRB 24-0222, 24-0201, and 24-0390): appeal deadline is a claim-processing rule
The Benefits Review Board considered filing deadlines in three appeals involving a Longshore attorney fee order, Defense Base Act benefits, and black lung benefits. It held that the thirty-day deadline to appeal an administrative law judge’s order to the Board is a mandatory claim-processing rule…
Dominguez v. Bethlehem Steel Corporation, Zabid v. VHB Global, Incorporated, and Lester v. Blackhawk Mining, LLC
Dominguez, Zabid, and Lester (BRB 24-0201, 24-0390, and 24-0222): one appeal dismissed and two briefing schedules set
The Board consolidated three appeals to consider whether the 30 day deadline for appealing an administrative law judge's order is jurisdictional or a mandatory claim processing rule. It held that the deadline is subject to waiver and forfeiture, and that the respondent must raise untimeliness. It…
Dominguez v. Bethlehem Steel Corporation, Zabid v. VHB Global, Incorporated, and Lester v. Blackhawk Mining, LLC
Dominguez, Zabid, and Lester (BRB 24-0201, 24-0390, and 24-0222): one appeal dismissed and two briefing schedules set
The Board consolidated three appeals to consider whether the 30 day deadline for appealing an administrative law judge's order is jurisdictional or a mandatory claim processing rule. It held that the deadline is subject to waiver and forfeiture, and that the respondent must raise untimeliness. It…
Moses Musisi v. SOC, LLC
Musisi v. SOC (BRB 24-0153): denial of psychological injury benefits affirmed
Moses Musisi sought benefits for psychological symptoms he attributed to security work in Iraq. A labor judge found that Musisi invoked the work injury presumption, but that the employer's psychologist rebutted it with an opinion finding no reliable evidence of a work-related condition. After…
J.B. and U.S. Postal Service, Fort Point Post Office
Board returns postal worker's 2022 injury claim for employment records (ECAB 25-0753)
A claimant reported a December 2022 injury, but the Postal Service said he was not its employee then. It supplied no records supporting that assertion despite OWCP's request. The Board found it could not decide FECA coverage on the incomplete record. It ordered OWCP to obtain employment…
J.B. and U.S. Postal Service, Fort Point Post Office
Board returns postal claimant's coverage dispute for employment records (ECAB 25-0748)
A claimant sought FECA coverage for an alleged injury, but the Postal Service said he was working for another employer in 2022. It did not supply supporting records after OWCP asked for them. The Board found the record too incomplete to decide whether he was a federal employee. It directed OWCP to…
J.B. and U.S. Postal Service, Fort Point Post Office
Board returns postal claimant's 2024 injury case for employment records (ECAB 25-0747)
A claimant reported a July 2024 injury, and the Postal Service disputed that he worked for it at the time. Its occupational health specialist supplied no supporting records after OWCP requested them. The Board found it could not determine FECA coverage on that record. It returned the case for…
A.P. and U.S. Postal Service, Freehold Post Office
Board splits postal worker's neck and wrist injury appeal (ECAB 25-0737)
A postal worker asked OWCP to accept neck and left wrist conditions after an April 2023 work incident. The Board found that the medical reports did not establish a causal link for the cervical condition. It found the left wrist evidence strong enough to require more medical development, however. It…
S.S. and U.S. Postal Service, Soddy Daisy Post Office
Board returns postal carrier's leave and disability claims for clear reasons (ECAB 25-0601)
A rural postal carrier sought leave buyback and disability compensation for several periods. OWCP denied the requests by referring to an earlier termination decision without explaining the facts and reasons for each claim. The Board found that this did not give her a clear basis for the denials. It…
J.L. and Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Heber Ranger District
Board returns Forest Service travel claims for missing records (ECAB 25-0133)
A Forest Service employee appealed decisions that denied some travel reimbursement requests. The Board had ordered OWCP to send the complete claim record, but forms for some disputed travel dates were still missing. Because it could not review the requests on an incomplete record, the Board…
D.S. and U.S. Postal Service, Birmingham Post Office
Board upholds denial of postal worker's late hearing request (ECAB 25-0831)
A postal worker requested an oral hearing long after OWCP's December 2022 decision. The request exceeded the 30-day deadline for a hearing as a matter of right. The Board found that OWCP properly denied the late request and affirmed. It did not review the underlying compensation merits.
A.L. and U.S. Postal Service, North Houston Post Office
Board recognizes postal carrier's dog chase and returns injury claim (ECAB 25-0774)
A postal worker said he injured his right Achilles tendon while fleeing a dog on his route. His supervisor acknowledged the work incident, and he sought medical care soon after. The Board found the incident established and reversed OWCP's contrary finding. It returned the claim for OWCP to assess…
L.O. and Department of Homeland Security, Federal Protective Service
Board recognizes inspector's leg injuries after stair fall (ECAB 25-0764)
A Federal Protective Service inspector fell down stairs at work and reported injuries to both legs. A same-day examination documented contusions of his left lower leg, both knees, and right foot. The Board found those diagnoses consistent with the accepted fall and reversed OWCP's denial. It sent…
What these documents are
- The agencies: Federal workers' compensation appeals from the Department of Labor's Employees' Compensation Appeals Board (ECAB), federal-sector labor-relations cases from the Federal Labor Relations Authority (FLRA), mine-safety cases from the Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission (FMSHRC), workplace-safety cases from the Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission (OSHRC), Longshore Act and Black Lung Benefits Act appeals from the Department of Labor's Benefits Review Board (BRB), precedent decisions of the Board of Immigration Appeals (BIA), environmental permit and penalty appeals from the EPA's Environmental Appeals Board (EAB), and whistleblower and other labor appeals from the Department of Labor's Administrative Review Board (ARB). Each decision page names its agency.
- Commission, Board and Authority decisions: Rulings by the agency's highest review level (the Commission at OSHRC and FMSHRC, the Authority at FLRA, the Board of Immigration Appeals, the Administrative Review Board at Labor, and the Environmental Appeals Board at EPA). These are citable as precedent, though a decision may have been appealed to a U.S. Court of Appeals after issuance.
- ALJ decisions: Rulings by the agency's Administrative Law Judges after a hearing. When no Commissioner directs review, an ALJ decision becomes a final order that binds the parties in that case but is not binding precedent: under 29 U.S.C. § 661(j) at OSHRC, and after the 40-day window of 30 U.S.C. § 823(d)(1) at FMSHRC.
- Why finality matters: Every page here says which kind of decision you are reading, so you know whether it is precedent you can cite or a final order that only shows how one judge ruled on one set of facts.
- Where they come from: Every page links the official public release from the deciding agency, and the full text on the page is that release. The plain-English summaries are written by Ezel.