Federal agency decisions, searchable in plain English.

Workplace-safety cases from the Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission (OSHRC) and mine-safety cases from the Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission (FMSHRC), each with a plain-English summary, the standards it cites, and whether it counts as precedent. More agencies are coming.

5,593 decisions and counting · Latest decision July 17, 2026
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COMM

Shaw Global Energy Services, Inc.

Change-house item vacated and mercury recordkeeping violation affirmed

Shaw Global was decommissioning and demolishing a mercury-contaminated cell room at an Alabama chemical plant. OSHA issued eleven serious citation items concerning mercury exposure and one other-than-serious recordkeeping item. The judge affirmed three serious items and the recordkeeping item, but…

August 27, 2012
Mixed result
COMM

Deep South Crane & Rigging Co.

Operator-qualification violations affirmed

Four Deep South employees were fatally injured when a large crane fell backward during assembly at a Texas refinery. The operator had placed the crane in an unstable backwards-overhaul position and left it there for about three hours. The Commission found that Deep South did not give the site…

August 27, 2012
Citations affirmed
ALJ

Roy’s Construction, Inc.

Roofing, respirator, and ladder violations affirmed

Roy’s Construction was repairing the roof of the Legislature Building in St. Thomas, Virgin Islands. OSHA saw employees working without fall protection on a steep roof that the site supervisor said was 36 feet high. Employees also wore company-supplied respirators near asbestos-removal work without…

July 30, 2012 ·Dennis L. Phillips
Citations affirmed
ALJ

Petro Hunt, LLC

Flame-resistant-clothing citation vacated at oil production site

Petro Hunt operated an oil production facility in North Dakota where a treater shed caught fire shortly after two employees left the site. OSHA cited the company because it did not require employees who gauged tanks and worked around hydrocarbon pressure vessels to wear flame-resistant clothing…

July 30, 2012 ·Patrick B. Augustine
Citations vacated
ALJ

Rock Utility, Inc.

Trench and ladder items affirmed, vest item vacated

Rock Utility was installing a water line in Quincy, Massachusetts, when OSHA inspected a trench that reached 6.3 feet deep. An employee worked in the deeper end of the Type C soil trench without sloping, benching, or a trench box. The judge also found that the company's informal safety discussions…

July 23, 2012 ·John H. Schumacher
Mixed result
ALJ

Align Roofing, LLC

Late notice of contest dismissed

Align Roofing received an OSHA citation on December 16, 2011, making January 9, 2012 the last day to file a written notice of contest. The company had been told before the citation issued that any contest had to be in writing, but it did not send its notice until January 20, eleven days late. The…

July 18, 2012 ·Stephen J. Simko, Jr.
Procedural
ALJ

Straight Ahead Construction, Inc.

Excavation water and cave-in items vacated

Straight Ahead Construction dug a street excavation in Miami to install drainage structures during intermittent rain. OSHA alleged that employees worked in accumulated water and lacked cave-in protection in an excavation more than 5 feet deep. The judge found no reliable measurement showing that…

July 18, 2012 ·Sharon D. Calhoun
Citations vacated
ALJ

Garabar, Inc.

Informal-conference request did not preserve a contest

Garabar, a roofing and general contractor, received two serious OSHA citations with $5,400 in proposed penalties on November 16, 2011. Its written contest deadline was December 8, but it did not submit anything until a December 22 letter requesting more time for an informal conference. The…

July 16, 2012 ·Sharon D. Calhoun
Procedural
ALJ

NLJ Builders, Inc.

Controlling contractor held responsible for unsafe scaffold

NLJ Builders subcontracted carpentry work at a Florida bank project and supplied the subcontractor with a scaffold owned by NLJ. A subcontractor employee worked about 15 feet above the ground on a platform that was less than half planked, lacked a firm base and guardrails, and had not been erected…

July 16, 2012 ·Ken S. Welsch
Citations affirmed
ALJ

SeaWorld of Florida, LLC

Killer-whale hazard and stairway items affirmed as serious

SeaWorld trainer Dawn Brancheau died after the killer whale Tilikum pulled her into a performance pool during a close-contact interaction. OSHA alleged that trainers faced recognized struck-by and drowning hazards when performing drywork with Tilikum and drywork or waterwork with other killer…

July 16, 2012 ·Ken S. Welsch
Mixed result
ALJ

Northern Excavating Co., Inc.

Willful cave-in violations affirmed, training and egress items vacated

Northern Excavating employees worked in a Type C soil excavation that ranged from about 7.5 to 12 feet deep without a trench box, shoring, or adequate sloping. The excavation used prohibited benching, had soil sloughing into it, and sat beside a heavily traveled access road where truck vibrations…

July 9, 2012 ·Patrick B. Augustine
Mixed result
COMM

L & L Painting Company, Inc.

Lead-monitoring exception rejected and citation items split

L & L Painting removed lead-based paint from the George Washington Bridge after employees were found to have elevated blood lead levels. The company performed no lead-exposure monitoring on the New York side and argued that monitoring from its earlier New Jersey work qualified under the…

June 28, 2012
Mixed result
ALJ

D & D Masonry Services, Inc.

Scaffold violations largely affirmed with reduced penalties

D & D Masonry used a multilevel scaffold for masonry work at a Georgia construction site. OSHA found wide platform gaps, damaged planks, unsecured scaffold legs, missing fall protection and a midrail, and a closed stepladder used as access. The judge affirmed those scaffold and ladder conditions as…

June 21, 2012 ·Stephen J. Simko, Jr.
Mixed result
ALJ

P.J. Spillane Company, Inc.

Respirator and scaffold citation items split

P.J. Spillane employees performed masonry tuck-pointing from scaffolds at a Boston worksite. The judge affirmed a serious respirator-program item after OSHA found a dirty, deteriorated respirator and facial hair that interfered with face seals. A missing safety data sheet for a corrosive cleaner…

June 13, 2012 ·John H. Schumacher
Mixed result
COMM

Cranesville Block Company, Inc. / Clark Division

Respirator violations affirmed and drowning item vacated

Cranesville manufactured ready mix concrete at its Teall Avenue plant in Syracuse, New York. An employee chipping hardened concrete from a mixer drum was exposed to silica at four times the permissible limit while wearing an organic-vapor cartridge instead of the appropriate particulate filter. The…

June 12, 2012
Mixed result
ALJ

National Steel Erection, Inc.

Gas-cylinder barrier violation affirmed

National Steel Erection stored oxygen, acetylene, and propane cylinders on a rack at a Tennessee construction site. The oxygen and acetylene cylinders were adjacent to each other behind a quarter-inch metal partition with one-inch gaps on both sides. The judge found that the partition lacked the…

June 11, 2012 ·Sharon D. Calhoun
Citations affirmed
COMM

Chenal Valley Construction, Inc.

All citation items withdrawn and judge’s decision vacated

The judge had affirmed residential fall-protection and ladder citations against Chenal Valley Construction as the controlling employer at an Arkansas homebuilding site. The case was directed for Commission review. Before the Commission decided the merits, the Secretary withdrew every remaining…

June 7, 2012
Citations vacated
ALJ

Corrpro Companies, Inc.

Hole fall-protection item affirmed and inspection item vacated

Corrpro employees installed a corrosion-protection system inside a water-treatment structure in Ohio. A first-time field worker stepped into an uncovered two-foot-square hole and fell about 12 feet, sustaining a spinal fracture that required surgery. The judge vacated the competent-person…

June 4, 2012 ·Sharon D. Calhoun
Mixed result
COMM

Dayton Tire, Bridgestone/Firestone

Ninety-nine lockout violations reclassified as serious

The Commission had previously affirmed ninety-nine lockout/tagout violations as willful and assessed $1,975,000 in penalties against Dayton Tire. The D.C. Circuit vacated the willful classifications for insufficient evidence and remanded for the Commission to reassess the violations and penalties…

May 23, 2012
Modified
COMM

Stone & Webster Construction, Inc., Bartlett Nuclear, Inc.

Privilege-related discovery orders vacated

Stone & Webster Construction and Bartlett Nuclear sought draft OSHA citation worksheets for use in a jurisdictional defense involving the Nuclear Regulatory Commission. The judge rejected the Secretary's deliberative-process privilege claim, ordered disclosure, and issued a show-cause order that…

May 23, 2012
Remanded
ALJ

Cargill Meat Solutions Corporation

Work-boot payment citation vacated

Cargill required meat-processing employees exposed to wet, slippery floors to wear ankle-covering work boots with water-resistant uppers and slip-resistant soles. OSHA cited Cargill for requiring employees to pay for those boots. The judge found that the boots were exempt “normal work boots”…

May 14, 2012 ·James R. Rucker, Jr.
Citations vacated
ALJ

Kilby & Gannon Construction Services, LLC

Willful trenching violations affirmed

Kilby & Gannon employees installed drainage pipe in a type-C-soil trench at a parking-garage project. Two workers entered the trench even though it was more than five feet deep, lacked a trench box or adequate sloping, and had no safe egress point within 25 feet. The foreman knew the excavation…

May 14, 2012 ·Dennis L. Phillips
Citations affirmed
COMM

Nova Group/Tutor-Saliba, A Joint Venture

Concrete-piling stacking violation affirmed

Nova stacked 55,000-pound concrete pilings in a temporary storage area on uneven pavement using inadequate and inconsistent dunnage. Two pilings rolled and pinned an employee, causing serious injuries that included a partial leg amputation. The Commission rejected Nova's claims that the judge's…

May 14, 2012
Citations affirmed
COMM

Caterpillar Logistics Services, Inc.

Recordkeeping case remanded after appellate vacatur

An administrative law judge had affirmed a recordkeeping violation against Caterpillar Logistics Services. The Seventh Circuit reviewed the case and vacated the judge's decision. After receiving the court's mandate, the Commission remanded the case to the judge for further proceedings consistent…

May 14, 2012
Remanded
ALJ

Nyffeler Construction, Inc.

Roof fall-protection and training violations affirmed

Two Nyffeler Construction employees installed roof sheathing more than ten feet above the ground without compliant fall protection. The company owner could see the work and admitted that no guardrail, safety net, or personal fall-arrest system was in use. The company also had not trained the…

May 4, 2012 ·Patrick B. Augustine
Citations affirmed
ALJ

Trinity Yachts, LLC

Argon hazard-training item affirmed on second remand

A Trinity Yachts employee died after inhaling argon gas in an enclosed shipyard vent trunk. On second Commission remand, the judge reopened the record to hear from the human-resources administrator who had oriented the employee, who had difficulty reading and writing English. The judge found that…

May 4, 2012 ·G. Marvin Bober
Mixed result
ALJ

Post Buckley Schuh & Jernigan, Inc.

Fatal heat-stress violation affirmed

An archaeological field technician became disoriented while digging test holes during his first day on a Texas pipeline survey project. Temperatures approached 99 degrees, he was sent alone toward an air-conditioned vehicle, and coworkers later found him unconscious with a core temperature of 107.8…

April 25, 2012 ·Patrick B. Augustine
Citations affirmed
COMM

C.P. Buckner Steel Erection, Inc.

Annual-summary certification items vacated

Buckner's safety and risk manager certified the company's OSHA annual injury and illness summaries for three years. The judge found he was not a qualifying company executive and affirmed three other-than-serious items without penalties. The Commission agreed that he was not the highest-ranking…

April 25, 2012
Citations vacated
ALJ

Millard Refrigerated Services

Mixed ruling after major ammonia release

About 32,000 pounds of anhydrous ammonia escaped from a cracked roof header and a broken evaporator coil at Millard's refrigerated warehouse. Roughly 150 people were taken to hospitals and released, and the company lost about $4 million in product. The judge affirmed items involving unguarded…

April 9, 2012 ·Ken S. Welsch
Mixed result
ALJ

Teichert Construction

Truck inspection and trench-protection violations affirmed

A backing dump-truck fatality prompted OSHA to inspect Teichert's water-pipeline construction project. The judge found that the truck driver did not complete the required pre-shift vehicle check and that one brake push rod was out of adjustment when the truck was placed in service. He also found…

March 26, 2012 ·Dennis L. Phillips
Citations affirmed
ALJ

Virginia Construction & Management Company, Inc.

Willful canopy fall violation affirmed

Two Virginia Construction employees chipped concrete on a canopy 16 feet 7 inches above a sidewalk without fall protection, safety-toe footwear, hard hats, or eye protection. They accessed the canopy by climbing an inadequately configured scaffold, and the company lacked qualified scaffold…

March 16, 2012 ·Stephen J. Simko, Jr.
Mixed result
ALJ

Weatherguard Construction Co., Inc.

Subcontractor roof fall violation affirmed

About seven roofing-subcontractor employees installed tar paper on a two-story house without fall protection. Weatherguard was the general contractor and controlling employer, and its field supervisor had visited the site, seen the roof work, and acknowledged that the same subcontractor had also…

March 12, 2012 ·James R. Rucker, Jr.
Mixed result
ALJ

Turner Industries Group, LLC

Chemical-turnaround training and assessment items affirmed

Turner employees replaced chemical-processing equipment during a plant turnaround in an area containing Tris, ethylene dichloride, and other hazardous substances. The company's special meeting focused mainly on Tris, did not cover all chemical hazards, and missed at least one employee who was sent…

March 12, 2012 ·Ken S. Welsch
Mixed result
COMM

Erickson Air-Crane, Inc.

Tanker-truck fall citation vacated for lack of notice

Two Erickson employees repaired a helicopter rotor blade stored on top of a fuel tanker truck during high winds. A gust lifted the blade-box lid and caused one employee to fall about ten feet, sustaining serious injuries. The judge affirmed a general-duty-clause citation based on Erickson's policy…

March 2, 2012
Citations vacated
COMM

Associated Underwater Services

Falling-piling dive assessment violation affirmed

An Associated Underwater Services diver worked about 140 feet underwater beside an 8,600-pound piling during installation of an oil-containment boom. The piling detached from a vibratory hammer and fell on the diver, killing him. The Commission held that the relevant hazard was a falling piling…

February 28, 2012
Citations affirmed
COMM

Thomas Industrial Coatings, Inc.

Willful lifesaving-skiff violation affirmed

A suspended scaffold collapsed about 100 feet above the Mississippi River while Thomas Industrial Coatings employees prepared to paint a bridge. Three employees remained suspended from lifelines, but a fourth fell into the river and died. The Commission vacated two fall-protection items because the…

February 28, 2012
Mixed result
ALJ

Todd Joseph Properties

Fall and scaffold violations affirmed

Todd Joseph Properties was demolishing a church when OSHA observed two employees working near an unprotected second-floor edge about 15 feet above the ground. One employee also climbed a scaffold frame without a ladder and worked on its top platform without adequate fall protection. The judge found…

February 21, 2012 ·Covette Rooney
Citations affirmed
ALJ

Daisy Construction Company

Willful trench violations affirmed

Daisy Construction was installing underground conduit during a road project when employees worked for hours in a trench more than seven feet deep with vertical walls and no cave-in protection. The foreman and the acting superintendent both saw the work, knew trench protection was required, and did…

February 21, 2012 ·Dennis L. Phillips
Modified
ALJ

Cambria Contracting, Inc.

Asbestos violations reduced from willful to serious

Cambria Contracting removed trash and debris from the basements of interconnected abandoned warehouse buildings where friable asbestos pipe insulation was damaged and missing. Its employees used powered equipment, brooms, and shovels in debris later shown to contain asbestos. OSHA cited eleven…

February 21, 2012 ·G. Marvin Bober
Modified
COMM

Nuprecon, LP d/b/a Nuprecon Acquisition, LP

Fall citation affirmed for work near open edge

Nuprecon employees were demolishing an aircraft hangar beside a 21-foot-wide unprotected opening with a 36-foot drop. The Commission rejected the judge's exposure finding for a Bobcat operator because the fall standard's definition of a walking or working surface excludes vehicles, and the record…

February 7, 2012
Citations affirmed
COMM

Shaw Areva Mox Services, LLC

Electrical grounding citation vacated

OSHA cited Shaw Areva after finding a three-plug adaptor and a fuel-pump cord with missing grounding prongs at a nuclear-fuel facility construction project. The Commission held that the grounding-path standard applied to the adaptor because it functioned as a multiple receptacle that was required…

February 6, 2012
Citations vacated
ALJ

All Steel Consultants, Inc.

Roofing citations partly affirmed

All Steel Consultants was installing metal roofing when OSHA observed four employees working without tying off and two others using lifelines with enough slack to contact the lower roof in a fall. The foreman knew the company's tie-off rule but allowed employees to work without following it, and he…

January 18, 2012 ·Dennis L. Phillips
Mixed result
ALJ

Boh Brothers Construction Co., LLC.

Lifeline citation vacated on remand

OSHA cited Boh Brothers after a bridge-work accident, alleging that more than five employees were tied to a horizontal lifeline designed to support no more than five. The judge originally affirmed the citation, but the Commission remanded for clearer credibility findings and reconsideration of the…

January 18, 2012 ·G. Marvin Bober
Citations vacated
COMM

Barnhart, Inc.

Settlement approved after construction-safety decision

OSHA cited Barnhart, the controlling contractor on a Marine Corps barracks renovation, for electrical, floor-hole, fall-protection, training, and inspection issues involving its subcontractors. The appended judge's decision had affirmed three items involving temporary cords, uncovered floor holes…

December 6, 2011
Settled
ALJ

21st Century Roofing Systems, Inc.

Roof fall citations affirmed by default

OSHA observed 21st Century Roofing employees working near the edge of a low-slope roof without adequate fall protection. The warning line was only about 2.5 to 4 feet from the edge instead of the required 6 feet, and employees worked outside it near a roughly 25-foot drop without a safety monitor…

December 5, 2011 ·Dennis L. Phillips
Citations affirmed
ALJ

Era-Valdivia Contractors, Inc.

Independent lifeline item affirmed

Era-Valdivia employees painted a water tower from suspended Spider baskets about 80 feet above the ground. One painter climbed outside his basket and tied his harness lanyard to the scaffold's suspension cable instead of an independent lifeline. The judge vacated a general-duty item based on…

November 28, 2011 ·Patrick B. Augustine
Mixed result
ALJ

Eutaw Construction Company, Inc.

Controlling-employer trench citation affirmed

Eutaw Construction was the general contractor for a sewer-line project where a subcontractor worked in a 14-foot-deep bore pit. The excavation was dug in unstable Type C soil, and its protective system had trench boxes several feet above the bottom, gaps, a damaged support, water seepage, erosion…

November 14, 2011 ·Ken S. Welsch
Modified
ALJ

Sand Cut Properties, LLC.

Willful excavation violations affirmed

Sand Cut Properties sent an employee into an excavation that was 6 to 9 feet deep, accumulating water, and repeatedly collapsing in unstable soil. A roughly 15-foot-high spoil pile overhung the edge, and the owner directed the employee to attach a sling to a concrete structure before the collapsing…

November 10, 2011 ·Dennis L. Phillips
Modified
ALJ

Consolidated Grain & Barge Co.

Two grain-bin items vacated

Consolidated Grain & Barge employees entered a grain bin while a partially guarded sweep auger was operating. The judge found that CGB's instructions to remain a safe distance behind the auger and its use of an outside attendant were not equally effective alternatives to deenergizing or positively…

October 26, 2011 ·Sharon D. Calhoun
Mixed result
COMM

Conoco Phillips Bayway Refinery

Asbestos items reclassified as serious

The Commission had previously affirmed nine asbestos-in-construction items as other-than-serious and assessed $350 per item. The Third Circuit vacated that order and directed the Commission to classify the violations as serious and reconsider the penalties. On remand, the Commission considered that…

October 25, 2011
Modified
ALJ

Florida Power and Light Company

Arc-flash citations affirmed

An electrical contractor at Miami International Airport needed Florida Power and Light to open a meter can and remove a protective plate so it could replace wiring and a breaker. The FPL employee raised an energized bypass handle without first asking what work had been done or inspecting the…

October 24, 2011 ·Dennis L. Phillips
Citations affirmed
ALJ

NRG Sound & Communications, LLC.

Worker found to be an employee

NRG Sound & Communications installed speakers on a school football stadium roof using an aerial lift. NRG claimed that the second worker was a silent partner or independent contractor rather than an employee, but both men initially identified him as an employee and described NRG's owner as the…

October 12, 2011 ·Covette Rooney
Citations affirmed
ALJ

Haberle Steel, Inc.

Unsecured steel plate citation affirmed

Haberle Steel stored large steel plates on edge in an outdoor rack at its Pennsylvania fabrication shop. An employee died after a nearly vertical plate tipped and pinned him against another plate. OSHA cited the company under the material-storage standard because nothing prevented that plate from…

October 7, 2011 ·Covette Rooney
Citations affirmed
ALJ

Daniel Crowe Roof Repair and its Successors

Fall protection and training citations affirmed

Daniel Crowe Roof Repair hired two roofers to replace a residential roof in Pennsylvania, and one inexperienced worker fell about 17 feet and suffered multiple fractures. The judge found that the roofers were employees, not independent contractors, because Crowe controlled the work, supplied the…

September 29, 2011 ·Dennis L. Phillips
Citations affirmed
COMM

Southern Scrap Materials Co., Inc.

Lead, cadmium, first-aid, and guarding violations yield $114,500 penalty

Southern Scrap Materials operated a Louisiana scrap-recycling facility where workers torch cut metal and used industrial machinery. The Commission rejected the company's broad challenges to OSHA's inspection, testing, and the validity of the lead and cadmium standards. It found that Southern…

September 28, 2011
Mixed result
COMM

Bill Jones Repair & Reroofs, Inc.

Timely-contest evidence requires further proceedings

OSHA cited Bill Jones Repair & Reroofs for four serious construction violations and proposed $10,000 in penalties. An administrative law judge dismissed what appeared to be a late notice of contest and affirmed the citations. On review, the company produced a letter apparently faxed to OSHA within…

September 22, 2011
Remanded
COMM

Aerospace Manufacturing CT Systems, LLC

Civil case stayed during criminal review

After a workplace fatality, OSHA issued Aerospace Manufacturing a willful citation and referred the matter to the Department of Justice for possible criminal proceedings. The administrative law judge denied the Secretary's request to stay the Commission case because no indictment had been issued…

September 22, 2011
Procedural
ALJ

T & F Systems, Inc.

Willful low-slope roof fall violation affirmed

T & F Systems employees installed roofing material on an Ohio high school roof about 25 feet above lower levels. The judge found that the roof was about 80 feet wide, so a safety-monitoring system alone could not satisfy the cited fall-protection standard. The evidence also showed that the company…

September 19, 2011 ·Dennis L. Phillips
Citations affirmed
ALJ

Broan-Nutone Storage Solutions, LP

Power-press supervision and guarding violations affirmed

A Broan-Nutone machine operator's hand was amputated when a mechanical power press cycled while she was clearing a jam. The judge found that she received almost no instruction or supervision when assigned to the press, which lacked the light-curtain protection used on the facility's other presses…

September 16, 2011 ·Patrick B. Augustine
Citations affirmed
COMM

Otis Elevator Company

Remaining fall-protection item withdrawn

OSHA cited Otis Elevator over fall protection used while installing a new elevator platform system. The administrative law judge vacated two scaffold-based allegations but affirmed an alternative allegation that employee lifelines were attached to the same overhead beam used for the platform's…

September 8, 2011
Citations vacated

What these documents are

  • Commission decisions: Rulings by the Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission itself, the highest level of agency review. These are citable as Commission precedent, though a decision may have been appealed to a U.S. Court of Appeals after issuance.
  • ALJ decisions: Rulings by OSHRC Administrative Law Judges after a hearing. When no Commissioner directs review, an ALJ decision becomes a final order under 29 U.S.C. § 661(j): it binds the parties in that case but is not binding precedent in other cases.
  • Why finality matters: Every page here says which kind of decision you are reading, so you know whether it is precedent you can cite or a final order that only shows how one judge ruled on one set of facts.
  • Where they come from: Every page links the official OSHRC public release, and the full text on the page is that release. The plain-English summaries are written by Ezel.