Federal agency decisions, searchable in plain English.

Workplace-safety cases from the Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission (OSHRC) and mine-safety cases from the Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission (FMSHRC), each with a plain-English summary, the standards it cites, and whether it counts as precedent. More agencies are coming.

5,593 decisions and counting · Latest decision July 17, 2026
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COMM

Greyhound Lines, Inc.

Commission affirms citation for unguarded vehicle service pit and rejects a vagueness challenge to the standard

Greyhound Lines was cited for failing to cover or guard an open vehicle service pit, which OSHA treated as a violation of 29 C.F.R. § 1910.22(c). Administrative Law Judge John A. Carlson decided the case on stipulated facts, without a hearing, and found the violation. Greyhound sought Commission…

August 17, 1977
Citations affirmed
COMM

J & H Livestock Company; Karler Meat Packing, Incorporated

Penalty-only contests leave citations final

Karler Meat Packing received one serious and 26 nonserious citations, while J & H Livestock received three nonserious citations. Both companies filed notices stating that they contested only the penalties and did not contest the cited hazards or abatement periods. The Commission rejected their…

August 12, 1977
Citations affirmed
COMM

Reinhardt's Plumbing & Heating, Inc.

Hardhat citation affirmed

Reinhardt's Plumbing & Heating had employees working around the installation of an overhead heater. Workers below the heater could have been struck by channel-lock pliers, pipe, nuts, or bolts used in the installation. The company argued that skilled workers should decide whether hardhats were…

August 12, 1977
Citations affirmed
COMM

Fanning & Doorley Construction Co., Inc.

Willful trench violation affirmed

Fanning & Doorley was installing underground telephone ducts in Lincoln, Rhode Island, when an unshored trench wall collapsed and killed an employee. The Commission credited evidence that the trench was more than six and one-half feet deep and that the foreman knew the shoring requirement but…

August 12, 1977
Citations affirmed
COMM

Lumb Woodworking Company, Inc.

Repeated table-saw guarding violation affirmed

Lumb Woodworking operated three unguarded table saws and argued that the required guards would create a greater hazard. Its president said guards hid the blades, collected sawdust, jammed material, and could contribute to kickback. The Commission found that this testimony did not explain why a…

August 4, 1977
Citations affirmed
COMM

Linbeck Construction Corporation

Flat-roof railing citation vacated

Linbeck Construction was cited for failing to install perimeter railings on a flat roof under construction. The judge found railings infeasible but treated safety belts as the equivalent of a standard railing and affirmed the citation. The Commission reversed because the rule's reference to an…

August 4, 1977
Citations vacated
COMM

FMC Corporation

Repeated shipyard housekeeping violation affirmed

FMC was constructing two oil tankers at its Portland, Oregon, shipyard when OSHA found tools, equipment, hoses, cords, and other objects obstructing walkways and passageways. The Commission held that the standard's exception for materials that were “in use” was an affirmative defense, and FMC did…

August 4, 1977
Citations affirmed
COMM

Hobart Corporation; Hobart Corporation (Troy Sunshade Division)

Press-brake guarding citations affirmed

Hobart Corporation and its Troy Sunshade Division operated nine press brakes without point-of-operation guards. The company argued that a more specific press standard displaced the cited machine-guarding rule and that the cited rule was vague and invalidly issued. The Commission rejected those…

August 3, 1977
Citations affirmed
COMM

Terra Motus Co., Inc.

Trench citation amended and affirmed

Two Terra Motus employees were laying pipe in a trench that was nearly ten feet deep and cut through soil consisting of 99.4 percent sand. The judge found the walls unstable and inadequately sloped but vacated because OSHA had cited an excavation standard rather than the applicable trench standard…

August 1, 1977
Modified
COMM

Emile M. Babst Co.

Subcontractor fall-protection citations reinstated

Emile M. Babst was a subcontractor whose employees encountered unguarded floor openings, an open-sided floor, and stairway hazards created and controlled by the prime contractor. The Commission held that a non-creating, non-controlling subcontractor may still be liable when its employees are…

August 1, 1977
Citations affirmed
COMM

Big '6' Drilling Company

Rig citations remanded for further evidence

Big '6' Drilling received eight nonserious citations and one serious general-duty citation after an inspection of an oil and gas drilling rig. Its pro se notice focused on the $805 proposed penalties, but its later answer requested a hearing about the inspection and penalties. The Commission…

August 1, 1977
Remanded
COMM

Union Pacific Railroad Co.

Proposed FRA rules do not displace OSHA

Union Pacific faced a failure-to-correct matter and citations involving machine guarding, woodworking equipment, respiratory protection, posting, and other conditions. It argued that an advance notice of proposed Federal Railroad Administration rulemaking exempted it from OSHA requirements. The…

August 1, 1977
Citations affirmed
COMM

Wilson Freight Co.

Safety-footwear citation affirmed

Wilson Freight operated a terminal where employees moved large volumes of freight and sometimes manually handled objects weighing up to 50 pounds. The company required hard leather shoes but did not require safety-toe footwear, which only two of 24 employees regularly wore. The Commission held that…

August 1, 1977
Citations affirmed
COMM

Union Pacific Railroad Company

Railroad exemption claim rejected

Union Pacific stipulated that the cited physical conditions existed and that OSHA's proposed penalties were reasonable, but it argued that the Federal Railroad Administration displaced OSHA authority. The railroad relied on FRA safety standards covering other conditions, revised accident-reporting…

August 1, 1977
Citations affirmed
COMM

Graves Truck Lines, Inc.

Dock safety-footwear citation affirmed

Graves Truck Lines had 13 employees working on its inbound and outbound docks without steel-toe safety shoes during the inspection. Its records showed eight dock-area toe or foot injuries from falling objects over four years, and its safety supervisor believed steel-toe shoes would have prevented…

July 27, 1977
Citations affirmed
COMM

Gene L. Willison

Explosives transport and blasting violations affirmed

Contractor Gene L. Willison transported dynamite, blasting caps, and other materials together in a pickup with exposed spark-producing metal and without required explosives placards. The worksite also lacked blast-area warning signs, and the blaster gave no loud warning signal immediately before…

July 25, 1977
Citations affirmed
COMM

Coastal Pile Driving, Inc.

Fall and crane violations reclassified as serious

A Coastal Pile Driving employee repeatedly worked on a pile lead about 18 feet above the ground without fall protection. Several other employees worked within two to five feet of an unbarricaded rotating crane superstructure beside an excavation. The company admitted both violations but disputed…

July 21, 1977
Modified
COMM

Strickland Transportation Co., Inc.

Freight-dock footwear citation affirmed

Strickland Transportation operated a freight dock where employees manually handled bulky or slippery items weighing up to 50 pounds. Freight had been dropped in the past, and one employee testified that safety-toe shoes would have prevented a foot injury he sustained. The company argued that the…

July 21, 1977
Citations affirmed
COMM

William Bender, d/b/a William Bender Construction

Commission affirms that the respondent was an employer under the OSH Act

William Bender, doing business as William Bender Construction, sought review of an administrative law judge's conclusion that the business was an employer under the Occupational Safety and Health Act when the worksite was inspected. The Commission found that the judge had properly decided the case…

July 21, 1977
Citations affirmed
COMM

Reitter Stucco, Inc.

Commission declines review and affirms the judge's decision

The Reitter Stucco, Inc. case reached the Commission through a former Commissioner's order directing review. Neither party challenged the administrative law judge's disposition. The Commission therefore declined to review the case and stated that the judge's decision would have the significance of…

July 18, 1977
Citations affirmed
COMM

A. J. Shirk Roofing Co.

Commission declines review and affirms the judge's decision

The A. J. Shirk Roofing Co. case reached the Commission through a former Commissioner's order directing review. Neither party challenged the administrative law judge's disposition. The Commission therefore declined to review the case and stated that the judge's decision would have the significance…

July 18, 1977
Citations affirmed
COMM

National Airlines, Inc.

Commission declines review and affirms the judge's decision

The National Airlines, Inc. case reached the Commission through a former Commissioner's order directing review. Neither the employer, the Secretary, nor the employee representative challenged the administrative law judge's disposition. The Commission therefore declined to review the case and stated…

July 18, 1977
Citations affirmed
COMM

Jordan Construction Co., Inc.

Commission declines sua sponte review and lets the ALJ decision stand

This is a brief Commission order in a case involving Jordan Construction Co., Inc. A Commissioner had directed the Administrative Law Judge's decision up for review on the Commission's own motion (sua sponte). Neither party filed anything objecting to the judge's decision, whether by a petition for…

July 13, 1977
Procedural
COMM

S. M. Electric Co., Inc.

Commission finds no compelling reason to review the judge's decision

The S. M. Electric Co., Inc. case reached the Commission through an order directing review. Neither party objected to the administrative law judge's decision or otherwise expressed dissatisfaction with it. The Commission found that the review order identified no compelling public-interest issue, so…

July 13, 1977
Citations affirmed
COMM

Williams Enterprises, Inc.

Commission affirms after the Secretary withdraws review

The Commission granted the Secretary of Labor's petition for discretionary review of the decision involving Williams Enterprises, Inc. The Secretary then asked to withdraw the petition, stating that the evidence supported the administrative law judge's decision. With no party objecting to the…

July 12, 1977
Citations affirmed
COMM

Armor Elevator Company, Inc.

Commission conditionally affirms an unguarded floor-opening citation with no penalty

Armor Elevator Company was an elevator-construction subcontractor at a multiemployer construction site where a floor opening was neither guarded nor covered. The judge vacated the nonserious item because Armor did not create or control the condition. The Commission held that Armor's employees had…

July 11, 1977
Citations affirmed
COMM

H-30, Inc.

Commission affirms a serious violation for workers riding an oil-rig material elevator

H-30, Inc., an oil well drilling company, allowed derrickmen to ride a crown block elevator system to a safety platform 50 feet above the ground. The elevator was designed for materials, and the workers rode without safety belts. The Commission held that the compliance officer did not need to…

July 8, 1977
Citations affirmed
COMM

Daniel Construction Company

Commission upholds the validity of the cited construction standards

An administrative law judge found that Daniel Construction Company violated construction safety standards issued by the Secretary of Labor. Daniel argued that the standards had been invalidly promulgated under the Construction Safety Act and therefore could not be enforced under the Occupational…

July 8, 1977
Citations affirmed
COMM

Lombard Brothers, Inc.

Safety-footwear citation affirmed

Lombard Brothers operated a freight terminal and garage where workers manually handled freight and greasy truck parts weighing up to 100 pounds. The Commission found that dock workers, combination workers, and mechanics faced foot hazards from falling objects and material-handling equipment. It…

July 8, 1977
Citations affirmed
COMM

Anastasi Brothers Corporation

Commission affirms an open-sided-floor violation against a masonry subcontractor

Anastasi Brothers Corporation was a masonry subcontractor whose employees had access to an unguarded open-sided floor at a construction site. The general contractor, rather than Anastasi, was responsible for providing the required perimeter guarding. The Commission held that a subcontractor that…

July 7, 1977
Citations affirmed
COMM

Broshear Contractors, Inc.

Commission requires a trench exit whenever employees are inside

Broshear Contractors employees were working under supervision in a trench at least four feet deep. A ladder was lying beside the trench, but no ladder or equivalent exit was available inside until the OSHA inspector identified the violation. The company argued that the ladder had been removed only…

July 7, 1977
Mixed result
COMM

Spencer Farms, Inc.

Commission declines sua sponte review and lets the ALJ decision stand

This is a brief Commission order in a case involving Spencer Farms, Inc. Former Commissioner Moran had directed the Administrative Law Judge's decision up for review on the Commission's own motion (sua sponte). Neither party took issue with how the judge disposed of the case. Because no party was…

June 29, 1977
Procedural
COMM

Leggett & Platt, Inc.

Commission declines sua sponte review and lets the ALJ decision stand

This is a brief Commission order in a case involving Leggett & Platt, Inc. Former Commissioner Moran had directed the Administrative Law Judge's decision up for review on the Commission's own motion (sua sponte). Neither party took issue with how the judge disposed of the case. Because no party was…

June 29, 1977
Procedural
COMM

Cornell & Company, Inc.

Commission declines review and affirms the judge's decision

The Cornell & Company, Inc. case reached the Commission through a former Commissioner's order directing review. Neither party challenged the administrative law judge's disposition. The Commission therefore declined to review the case and stated that the judge's decision would have the significance…

June 29, 1977
Citations affirmed
COMM

Tudor Handle Corp.

Commission finds no compelling reason to review the judge's decision

The Tudor Handle Corp. case reached the Commission through an order directing review. Neither party objected to the administrative law judge's decision or otherwise expressed dissatisfaction with it. The Commission found that the review order identified no compelling public-interest issue, so it…

June 29, 1977
Citations affirmed
COMM

Wilson Buick-Pontiac, GMC, Inc.

Commission finds no compelling reason to review the judge's decision

The Wilson Buick-Pontiac, GMC, Inc. case reached the Commission through an order directing review. Neither party objected to the administrative law judge's decision or otherwise expressed dissatisfaction with it. The Commission found that the review order identified no compelling public-interest…

June 29, 1977
Citations affirmed
COMM

Arch Masonry, Inc.

Commission finds no compelling reason to review the judge's decision

The Arch Masonry, Inc. case reached the Commission through an order directing review. Neither party objected to the administrative law judge's decision or otherwise expressed dissatisfaction with it. The Commission found that the review order identified no compelling public-interest issue, so it…

June 29, 1977
Citations affirmed
COMM

Armor Elevator Company, Inc.

Commission finds no compelling reason to review the judge's decision

The Armor Elevator Company, Inc. case reached the Commission through an order directing review. Neither party objected to the administrative law judge's decision or otherwise expressed dissatisfaction with it. The Commission found that the review order identified no compelling public-interest…

June 29, 1977
Citations affirmed
COMM

Jackson Construction Company

Commission affirms a $250 violation after unshored roof decking buckled

Jackson Construction Company poured concrete floors for a Boston high school using metal decking installed by other contractors. Although Jackson followed the decking manufacturer's general shoring recommendations, the roof slab was thicker than the lower floors and employees had observed…

June 29, 1977
Citations affirmed
COMM

Baker-Smith Sheet Metal, Inc.

Commission declines review and affirms the judge's decision

The Baker-Smith Sheet Metal, Inc. case reached the Commission through a former Commissioner's order directing review. Neither party challenged the administrative law judge's disposition. The Commission therefore declined to review the case and stated that the judge's decision would have the…

June 29, 1977
Citations affirmed
COMM

Champlin Petroleum Co.

Commission affirms an $800 violation for an inadequately communicated hot-oil safety rule

A Champlin Petroleum crew at a Corpus Christi refinery was draining a pipeline containing crude oil hotter than its auto-ignition temperature so a malfunctioning control valve could be removed. The bleeder valve's handle was missing, and an employee used a wrench to open it. Hot oil reached the…

June 29, 1977
Citations affirmed
COMM

CTM, Inc.

Commission affirms serious trench-sloping and adjacent-backfill violations

CTM, Inc., a utility contractor, had two employees working in a roughly nine-foot-deep trench while installing a 48-inch water main. The Commission upheld findings that the trench was dug in hard or compact soil, its walls were nearly vertical rather than adequately sloped or shored, and additional…

June 29, 1977
Mixed result
COMM

Perini Corporation

Commission affirms a $110 flotation-vest violation for construction work performed from a barge

Perini Corporation employees worked from an unguarded barge on the Mystic River while placing rip-rap to prevent shoreline erosion and assisting a diver cutting holes in an underwater steel bulkhead. No crew member wore a flotation device. The Commission held that this work was construction, not…

June 29, 1977
Modified
COMM

Union Pacific Railroad Company

Commission holds railroads are not exempt from OSHA and affirms the citations

Union Pacific Railroad was cited by OSHA in four consolidated cases and argued that the railroad industry is entirely exempt from OSHA regulation. The exemption it relied on, 29 U.S.C. § 653(b)(1), removes OSHA coverage for working conditions where another federal agency exercises its own statutory…

June 28, 1977
Citations affirmed
COMM

Gulf Stevedore Corporation

Commission rejects an inspection-accompaniment challenge

An administrative law judge affirmed four of five items in a nonserious citation against Gulf Stevedore Corporation. Gulf challenged two items on the ground that its senior site representative did not accompany the OSHA compliance officer during the shipboard portion of the inspection. The…

June 28, 1977
Mixed result
COMM

Chicago and Northwestern Transportation Company

Commission rejects a blanket railroad-industry exemption from the OSH Act

Chicago and Northwestern Transportation Company argued that the railroad industry was exempt from the Occupational Safety and Health Act under 29 U.S.C. § 653(b)(1). The Commission held that the statute creates an exemption only when another federal agency actually exercises authority over the…

June 28, 1977
Citations affirmed
COMM

Fairbanks Well Service, Inc.

Commission declines review and lets the judge's decision stand

This is a short Commission order in a case involving Fairbanks Well Service, Inc. After an Administrative Law Judge ruled on the case, a Commissioner brought it up for review on the Commission's own motion (a sua sponte order for review). Neither side filed objections or asked the Commission to…

June 24, 1977
Citations affirmed
COMM

Independent Metal Systems, Inc.

Commission declines sua sponte review and lets the ALJ decision stand

This is a brief Commission order in a case involving Independent Metal Systems, Inc. A Commissioner had directed the Administrative Law Judge's decision up for review on the Commission's own motion (sua sponte). Neither party filed anything objecting to the judge's decision, whether by a petition…

June 24, 1977
Procedural
COMM

Rocky Mountain Prestress, Inc.

Commission declines sua sponte review and lets the ALJ decision stand

This is a brief Commission order in a case involving Rocky Mountain Prestress, Inc. A Commissioner had directed the Administrative Law Judge's decision up for review on the Commission's own motion (sua sponte). Neither party filed anything objecting to the judge's decision, whether by a petition…

June 24, 1977
Procedural
COMM

Ment Bros. Iron Works, Inc.

Commission declines sua sponte review and lets the ALJ decision stand

This is a brief Commission order in a case involving Ment Bros. Iron Works, Inc. A Commissioner had put the Administrative Law Judge's decision up for review on the Commission's own motion (sua sponte). Neither party filed anything objecting to the judge's decision, whether by a petition for…

June 24, 1977
Procedural
COMM

Gunn and Briggs, Inc.

Commission declines review and affirms the judge's decision

The Gunn and Briggs, Inc. case reached the Commission through a former Commissioner's order directing review. Neither party challenged the administrative law judge's disposition. The Commission therefore declined to review the case and stated that the judge's decision would have the significance of…

June 24, 1977
Citations affirmed
COMM

Williams Enterprises of Georgia, Inc.

Commission declines review and affirms the judge's decision

The Williams Enterprises of Georgia, Inc. case reached the Commission through a former Commissioner's order directing review and was severed from a separate docket. Neither party challenged the administrative law judge's disposition. The Commission therefore declined to review the case and stated…

June 24, 1977
Citations affirmed
COMM

Nevada Pipe Line Construction Co.

Commission affirms a $250 serious trench violation beside backfilled soil

Nevada Pipe Line Construction opened a 60-foot-long trench to install a storm drain. The trench was about nine and one-half feet deep, only slightly sloped, and had no shoring or bracing. Part of one wall consisted of recently backfilled material that had not yet regained the properties of the…

June 23, 1977
Citations affirmed
COMM

McKee-Wellman Power Gas

Commission substitutes the general fall-protection standard and remands

McKee-Wellman Power Gas was constructing a 60-foot ore crusher process tower at a copper ore leaching plant in Arizona. An ironworker bolting steel at the 49-foot level stood on a narrow ledge with a safety belt that was not tied off, then fell and suffered fatal injuries. The Commission held that…

June 23, 1977
Remanded
COMM

New York Roofing Co.

Commission declines review of a deficient petition and affirms the judge

New York Roofing Company was cited for violating 29 C.F.R. § 1926.28(a), the construction standard on personal protective equipment, and an Administrative Law Judge affirmed the citation. The company filed a petition for discretionary review, and a Commissioner directed the case for review. The…

June 17, 1977
Citations affirmed
COMM

Louisiana-Pacific Corp.

Commission reverses a promptness dismissal and remands a workplace-noise citation

OSHA cited Louisiana-Pacific Corporation's Moyie Springs, Idaho facility under the occupational-noise standard after a December 1973 inspection. The judge vacated the citation without reaching the merits because it was issued on January 7, 1974 and, in his view, lacked reasonable promptness. The…

June 17, 1977
Remanded
COMM

Diamond Roofing Company, Inc.

Commission vacates a flat-roof perimeter-guarding citation

Diamond Roofing Company was cited for failing to install perimeter guarding on a flat roof under 29 C.F.R. § 1926.500(d)(1). An administrative law judge affirmed that citation item. The Commission applied its divided decision in Central City Roofing Co., which held that the cited standard did not…

June 17, 1977
Citations vacated
COMM

Congoleum Industries, Inc.

Commission affirms after the Secretary withdraws review

The Commission granted the Secretary of Labor's petition to review an administrative law judge's decision involving Congoleum Industries, Inc. The United Steelworkers local representing affected employees initially joined the Secretary's request. The Secretary later withdrew the petition, the…

June 16, 1977
Citations affirmed
COMM

Keesling Construction, Inc.

Commission declines review and affirms the judge's decision

The Keesling Construction, Inc. case reached the Commission through a former Commissioner's order directing review. Neither party challenged the administrative law judge's disposition. The Commission therefore declined to review the case and stated that the judge's decision would have the…

June 15, 1977
Citations affirmed
COMM

Atlanta Gas Light Company; Allen C. Loyd, Inc.

Commission declines review and affirms the judge's decision

The consolidated Atlanta Gas Light Company and Allen C. Loyd, Inc. cases reached the Commission through a former Commissioner's order directing review. Neither party challenged the administrative law judge's disposition. The Commission therefore declined to review the cases and stated that the…

June 15, 1977
Citations affirmed

What these documents are

  • Commission decisions: Rulings by the Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission itself, the highest level of agency review. These are citable as Commission precedent, though a decision may have been appealed to a U.S. Court of Appeals after issuance.
  • ALJ decisions: Rulings by OSHRC Administrative Law Judges after a hearing. When no Commissioner directs review, an ALJ decision becomes a final order under 29 U.S.C. § 661(j): it binds the parties in that case but is not binding precedent in other cases.
  • Why finality matters: Every page here says which kind of decision you are reading, so you know whether it is precedent you can cite or a final order that only shows how one judge ruled on one set of facts.
  • Where they come from: Every page links the official OSHRC public release, and the full text on the page is that release. The plain-English summaries are written by Ezel.