MASTER SALE OF GOODS AGREEMENT

(Connecticut UCC-Compliant)

[// GUIDANCE: This Agreement governs the sale of goods under Connecticut's adoption of UCC Article 2 (Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-2-101 et seq.). It is designed for commercial transactions between businesses. For consumer sales, additional protections under the Connecticut Unfair Trade Practices Act (CUTPA, Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42-110a et seq.) may apply, including private rights of action with treble damages and attorneys' fees. Ensure all placeholders are customized before execution.]

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. Document Header
2. Definitions
3. Sale and Purchase of Goods
4. Pricing and Payment Terms
5. Delivery and Risk of Loss
6. Inspection and Acceptance
7. Warranties
8. Representations
9. Indemnification
10. Limitation of Liability
11. Intellectual Property
12. Confidentiality
13. Default and Remedies
14. Term and Termination
15. Dispute Resolution
16. General Provisions
17. Execution Block

1. DOCUMENT HEADER

MASTER SALE OF GOODS AGREEMENT

This Master Sale of Goods Agreement (this "Agreement") is entered into as of [EFFECTIVE DATE] (the "Effective Date") by and between:

SELLER:
- Legal Name: [SELLER LEGAL NAME]
- Entity Type: [Corporation / LLC / Partnership / Sole Proprietorship]
- State of Organization: [STATE]
- Principal Address: [ADDRESS]
- Connecticut Registration No. (if applicable): [REGISTRATION NUMBER]
- Contact: [NAME] | [EMAIL] | [PHONE]

BUYER:
- Legal Name: [BUYER LEGAL NAME]
- Entity Type: [Corporation / LLC / Partnership / Sole Proprietorship]
- State of Organization: [STATE]
- Principal Address: [ADDRESS]
- Connecticut Registration No. (if applicable): [REGISTRATION NUMBER]
- Contact: [NAME] | [EMAIL] | [PHONE]

(each a "Party" and collectively the "Parties")

Recitals

WHEREAS, Seller is engaged in the business of manufacturing, distributing, or supplying [DESCRIPTION OF GOODS]; and

WHEREAS, Buyer desires to purchase, and Seller desires to sell, such goods on the terms and conditions set forth herein; and

WHEREAS, the Parties intend this Agreement to be governed by the Connecticut Uniform Commercial Code, Article 2 — Sales (Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-2-101 et seq.);

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants contained herein and other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the Parties agree as follows:

2. DEFINITIONS

For purposes of this Agreement, capitalized terms have the meanings set forth below.

"Acceptance" — Buyer's acknowledgment that Goods conform to the Specifications, either expressly or as provided in Section 6, consistent with Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-2-606.

"Affiliate" — Any entity controlling, controlled by, or under common control with a Party, where "control" means ownership of more than 50% of voting interests.

"Business Day" — Any day other than a Saturday, Sunday, or public holiday recognized in the State of Connecticut.

"Buyer" — The Party identified as Buyer in Section 1.

"Conforming Goods" — Goods that comply with the Specifications, this Agreement, and applicable law, including a perfect tender obligation under Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-2-601.

"Confidential Information" — As defined in Section 12.1.

"CUTPA" — The Connecticut Unfair Trade Practices Act (Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42-110a et seq.).

"Delivery Date" — The date on which Goods are to be delivered as specified in a Purchase Order.

"Delivery Point" — The location where title and risk of loss transfer, as specified in Section 5.

"Force Majeure Event" — An event beyond a Party's reasonable control, including acts of God, war, terrorism, pandemic, epidemic, natural disaster, flood, fire, earthquake, government action, embargo, labor strike, or supply chain disruption.

"Goods" — The products, materials, equipment, or other tangible items to be sold by Seller to Buyer as described in Exhibit A or any Purchase Order.

"Intellectual Property" — Patents, copyrights, trademarks, trade secrets, trade dress, and other proprietary rights.

"Non-Conforming Goods" — Goods that do not conform to the Specifications or are defective.

"Purchase Order" — A written order submitted by Buyer to Seller pursuant to Section 3.2.

"Seller" — The Party identified as Seller in Section 1.

"Specifications" — The technical requirements, performance standards, and quality criteria for the Goods as set forth in Exhibit A or the applicable Purchase Order.

"UCC" — The Uniform Commercial Code as adopted in Connecticut (Conn. Gen. Stat. Title 42a).

"Warranty Period" — The period during which Seller's warranties apply, as defined in Section 7.

3. SALE AND PURCHASE OF GOODS

3.1 Agreement to Sell

Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, Seller agrees to sell and Buyer agrees to purchase the Goods described in Exhibit A and/or in Purchase Orders issued hereunder. Each accepted Purchase Order shall incorporate the terms of this Agreement.

3.2 Purchase Orders

(a) Buyer may submit Purchase Orders specifying: (i) description and quantity of Goods, (ii) requested Delivery Date, (iii) Delivery Point, (iv) shipping instructions, and (v) pricing per the agreed Price Schedule (Exhibit B).

(b) Seller shall accept or reject each Purchase Order within [3/5] Business Days of receipt. Failure to respond within such period constitutes acceptance.

(c) Accepted Purchase Orders become binding contracts subject to this Agreement.

(d) Each Purchase Order must reference this Agreement by its Effective Date to ensure proper incorporation.

3.3 Order Changes and Cancellations

(a) Buyer may request changes to an accepted Purchase Order by written notice. Seller shall respond within [3] Business Days with any impact on price, delivery, or specifications.

(b) Buyer may cancel a Purchase Order upon [X] days' written notice, subject to payment of:
- Raw materials already purchased: at cost
- Work in progress: at cost plus [X]% markup
- Finished Goods: at the full Purchase Order price

3.4 Battle of Forms (Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-2-207)

This Agreement governs all transactions between the Parties. Any additional or different terms in Buyer's purchase orders, Seller's order acknowledgments, invoices, or other documents are hereby rejected and shall not become part of the contract unless expressly agreed in writing signed by both Parties. This clause constitutes an express objection to additional or different terms pursuant to Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-2-207(2)(c).

[// GUIDANCE: Connecticut follows the standard UCC "battle of forms" analysis. Between merchants, additional terms become part of the contract unless they materially alter the agreement, notice of objection has been given, or the offeror has limited acceptance to the terms of the offer. This clause provides express limitation.]

3.5 Statute of Frauds (Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-2-201)

For any Purchase Order involving Goods with a total value of $500 or more, the Purchase Order must be in writing and signed by the Party against whom enforcement is sought, unless an exception under Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-2-201(2) or (3) applies.

3.6 Quantity

(a) Minimum Annual Quantity: [X UNITS / $X VALUE] ("Minimum Commitment").

(b) Buyer shall use reasonable efforts to purchase the Minimum Commitment during each contract year.

(c) Requirements and output contracts shall be governed by Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-2-306.

4. PRICING AND PAYMENT TERMS

4.1 Pricing

(a) Prices for Goods are set forth in:
☐ Exhibit B (Price Schedule)
☐ Individual Purchase Orders
☐ Seller's then-current published price list less [X]% discount

(b) Unless otherwise specified, prices are in U.S. Dollars and:
☐ Include shipping, handling, and insurance (DDP)
☐ Exclude shipping, handling, and insurance (EXW/FOB)

(c) Prices are firm for [12/24] months from the Effective Date. Thereafter, Seller may adjust prices upon [60/90] days' prior written notice. Price increases shall not apply to Purchase Orders accepted prior to the notice date.

4.2 Taxes

(a) Prices exclude all applicable Connecticut sales tax (Conn. Gen. Stat. § 12-408), use tax, excise tax, and similar taxes.

(b) Buyer shall pay all such taxes or provide Seller with a valid Connecticut resale certificate (Form CERT-100, CERT-101, or successor form) or other exemption certificate.

(c) Seller shall separately itemize all taxes on each invoice.

[// GUIDANCE: Connecticut imposes a 6.35% sales and use tax on most tangible personal property, with certain exemptions for manufacturing machinery and equipment. Verify current rate and exemptions at portal.ct.gov/DRS.]

4.3 Invoicing and Payment

(a) Seller shall invoice Buyer upon shipment of Goods or as otherwise specified in the applicable Purchase Order.

(b) Payment Terms: Net [30/45/60] days from invoice date.

(c) Payment Method: [Wire transfer / ACH / Check] to:
- Bank: [BANK NAME]
- Account: [ACCOUNT NUMBER]
- Routing: [ROUTING NUMBER]

4.4 Late Payments

Past due amounts shall bear interest at the rate of [1.0]% per month or the maximum rate permitted by Connecticut law, whichever is less.

[// GUIDANCE: Under Conn. Gen. Stat. § 37-3a, interest at the rate of ten percent per annum, and no more, may be recovered as damages for the detention of money after it becomes payable. This is a discretionary statutory rate, not a mandatory cap on contractual rates. However, parties should be cautious about setting contractual rates that might be deemed unconscionable under Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-2-302. The stated rate of 1.0% per month (12% per annum) is common in commercial contracts but exceeds the § 37-3a statutory rate. Counsel should confirm enforceability for the specific transaction.]

4.5 Disputed Invoices

(a) Buyer must notify Seller in writing of any invoice dispute within [15] days of invoice date, specifying the disputed amount and reason.

(b) Buyer shall pay undisputed amounts by the due date.

(c) Parties shall negotiate disputed amounts in good faith and resolve within [30] days.

4.6 Set-Off

Neither Party may set off amounts owed under this Agreement against amounts owed under other agreements without the other Party's prior written consent, except for liquidated and undisputed amounts.

5. DELIVERY AND RISK OF LOSS

5.1 Delivery Terms

(a) Delivery shall be made:
☐ EXW (Ex Works) — Seller's facility at [ADDRESS]
☐ FOB Origin — Carrier's facility
☐ FOB Destination — Buyer's facility at [ADDRESS]
☐ DDP (Delivered Duty Paid) — Buyer's facility

[// GUIDANCE: Select one delivery term. Under Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-2-319, FOB terms determine when risk of loss passes. EXW/FOB Origin shifts risk to Buyer upon Seller's tender. FOB Destination/DDP keeps risk with Seller until delivery. Incoterms 2020 may be incorporated by reference.]

(b) Unless otherwise agreed, delivery is [FOB DESTINATION] to Buyer's address specified in the Purchase Order.

5.2 Title and Risk of Loss

(a) Title to Goods passes to Buyer upon [delivery to carrier / delivery to Buyer's facility / payment in full].

(b) Risk of loss passes to Buyer in accordance with the selected delivery term under Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-2-509.

(c) Seller shall retain an insurable interest in Goods until title passes pursuant to Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-2-501.

5.3 Shipping and Insurance

(a) Seller shall ship Goods using [Buyer's designated carrier / Seller's standard carrier / mutually agreed carrier].

(b) Seller shall insure all shipments for their full replacement value until risk of loss transfers to Buyer.

(c) Seller shall provide Buyer with tracking information within [24/48] hours of shipment.

(d) All shipments shall comply with applicable federal and Connecticut transportation regulations.

5.4 Delivery Schedule

(a) Time is of the essence for all Delivery Dates.

(b) Seller shall notify Buyer immediately of any anticipated delay and provide a revised delivery schedule.

(c) If Seller fails to deliver within [X] days of the Delivery Date (other than due to Buyer's fault or Force Majeure), Buyer may:
- Cancel the affected Purchase Order without liability
- Procure substitute goods elsewhere ("cover") under Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-2-712 and recover the difference in cost from Seller

5.5 Partial Shipments

Seller may make partial shipments unless the Purchase Order specifies otherwise. Each partial shipment constitutes a separate sale under Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-2-307.

6. INSPECTION AND ACCEPTANCE

6.1 Inspection Rights

(a) Buyer shall have [X] Business Days after delivery to inspect Goods for conformity to Specifications ("Inspection Period") pursuant to Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-2-513.

(b) Buyer may inspect Goods at Seller's facility prior to shipment upon reasonable advance notice.

(c) Payment before inspection does not constitute acceptance and does not impair Buyer's right to inspect or any of its remedies (Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-2-512(2)).

6.2 Acceptance

Acceptance occurs when Buyer (Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-2-606):
(a) Expressly accepts the Goods in writing;
(b) Fails to reject within the Inspection Period after a reasonable opportunity to inspect;
(c) Performs any act inconsistent with Seller's ownership (except for testing purposes); or
(d) Retains the Goods beyond the Inspection Period without notice of rejection.

6.3 Rejection of Non-Conforming Goods

(a) If Goods fail to conform to Specifications in any respect, Buyer may reject the whole, accept the whole, or accept any commercial unit and reject the rest (Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-2-601 — perfect tender rule).

(b) Buyer shall notify Seller in writing within the Inspection Period, specifying the non-conformity.

(c) Buyer shall hold rejected Goods with reasonable care for Seller's inspection and disposition instructions (Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-2-602).

(d) Seller shall, at its option and expense:
- Replace the Non-Conforming Goods with Conforming Goods;
- Repair the Non-Conforming Goods; or
- Refund the purchase price for the Non-Conforming Goods.

6.4 Cure Rights (Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-2-508)

If Seller delivers Non-Conforming Goods before the Delivery Date, Seller may cure by delivering Conforming Goods within the contract time upon reasonable notice. If Seller had reasonable grounds to believe the tender would be acceptable (including substitution of goods of equal or greater value), Seller may cure within a further reasonable time after the Delivery Date.

6.5 Revocation of Acceptance (Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-2-608)

Buyer may revoke acceptance of Non-Conforming Goods whose non-conformity substantially impairs their value to Buyer if: (a) Buyer accepted on the reasonable assumption that the non-conformity would be cured and it was not; or (b) Buyer accepted without discovery of the non-conformity and acceptance was reasonably induced by the difficulty of discovery or Seller's assurances.

6.6 Return of Rejected Goods

Seller shall provide return shipping instructions within [5] Business Days of rejection notice. Seller bears all costs for return of rightfully rejected Goods.

7. WARRANTIES

7.1 Express Warranty

Seller warrants that all Goods delivered under this Agreement (Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-2-313):
(a) Shall conform to the Specifications and any samples or models provided;
(b) Shall be free from defects in materials and workmanship;
(c) Shall be merchantable and fit for their ordinary purpose (Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-2-314);
(d) Shall comply with all applicable federal, Connecticut, and local laws and regulations;
(e) Shall be free and clear of all liens, security interests, and encumbrances (Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-2-312); and
(f) Shall not infringe any third-party Intellectual Property rights (Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-2-312(3)).

7.2 Fitness for Particular Purpose

Where Seller knows or has reason to know of Buyer's particular purpose for the Goods and Buyer relies on Seller's skill or judgment to select suitable Goods, Seller warrants the Goods are fit for such particular purpose (Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-2-315).

7.3 Warranty Period

The warranties set forth in Sections 7.1 and 7.2 shall remain in effect for the longer of:
(a) [12/24/36] months from the date of delivery; or
(b) [X] months from the date of installation or first use.

7.4 Warranty Remedies

During the Warranty Period, Seller shall, at its option and expense:
(a) Repair defective Goods;
(b) Replace defective Goods with new, conforming Goods; or
(c) Refund the purchase price for defective Goods.

Seller shall complete warranty repairs or replacements within [X] Business Days of receiving returned Goods or notification of defect.

7.5 Warranty Exclusions

Warranties do not apply to defects caused by:
(a) Buyer's misuse, negligence, or improper storage;
(b) Unauthorized modification or repair by anyone other than Seller;
(c) Normal wear and tear;
(d) Use in combination with products not supplied or approved by Seller; or
(e) Failure to follow Seller's written instructions or specifications.

7.6 Disclaimer of Implied Warranties (Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-2-316)

EXCEPT AS EXPRESSLY SET FORTH IN THIS AGREEMENT, SELLER DISCLAIMS ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, WHETHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THIS DISCLAIMER IS CONSPICUOUS AND HAS BEEN SPECIFICALLY BROUGHT TO BUYER'S ATTENTION PURSUANT TO CONN. GEN. STAT. § 42a-2-316.

SELLER FURTHER DISCLAIMS ANY WARRANTY ARISING FROM COURSE OF DEALING, COURSE OF PERFORMANCE, OR USAGE OF TRADE.

Buyer Initials: _______

[// GUIDANCE: Under Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-2-316, disclaimers of the implied warranty of merchantability must mention "merchantability" and be conspicuous. Disclaimers of fitness for a particular purpose must be in writing and conspicuous. Connecticut courts have strictly enforced these requirements. The all-caps format and initials line satisfy the conspicuousness requirement.]

7.7 Cumulative Warranties

The warranties herein are cumulative and in addition to, not in lieu of, any warranties provided by law, except as expressly disclaimed in Section 7.6.

8. REPRESENTATIONS

8.1 Mutual Representations

Each Party represents and warrants that:
(a) It is duly organized, validly existing, and in good standing under the laws of its state of organization;
(b) It has full power and authority to execute and perform this Agreement;
(c) Execution and performance do not violate any other agreement, law, or regulation to which it is bound;
(d) It shall comply with all applicable federal, Connecticut, and local laws in performing its obligations hereunder;
(e) It has obtained all necessary governmental approvals and permits required for performance.

8.2 Seller Representations

Seller additionally represents and warrants that:
(a) Seller has the right to sell the Goods free and clear of any claim, lien, or encumbrance (Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-2-312);
(b) Goods are manufactured in compliance with all applicable labor, environmental, and safety laws, including OSHA requirements;
(c) Seller maintains quality control processes sufficient to ensure Goods meet Specifications;
(d) Seller has not been debarred, suspended, or excluded from any government contracts;
(e) Seller shall not engage in any practice that would violate CUTPA (Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42-110b) in the performance of this Agreement.

8.3 Buyer Representations

Buyer represents and warrants that:
(a) Buyer intends to use the Goods for lawful commercial purposes;
(b) Information provided to Seller regarding Buyer's requirements is accurate and complete;
(c) Buyer possesses the financial capacity to perform its payment obligations under this Agreement.

9. INDEMNIFICATION

9.1 Seller Indemnification

Seller shall indemnify, defend, and hold harmless Buyer, its Affiliates, and their respective officers, directors, employees, and agents ("Buyer Indemnitees") from and against any and all claims, damages, losses, costs, and expenses (including reasonable attorneys' fees) arising from:
(a) Any breach of Seller's warranties or representations under this Agreement;
(b) Seller's negligence, recklessness, or willful misconduct;
(c) Any claim that the Goods infringe a third party's Intellectual Property rights;
(d) Any product liability claim related to defects in the Goods;
(e) Seller's violation of applicable law, including CUTPA;
(f) Any personal injury or property damage caused by defective Goods.

9.2 Buyer Indemnification

Buyer shall indemnify, defend, and hold harmless Seller, its Affiliates, and their respective officers, directors, employees, and agents ("Seller Indemnitees") from and against claims arising from:
(a) Buyer's misuse of the Goods contrary to Seller's instructions;
(b) Buyer's combination of the Goods with other products in a manner that causes infringement;
(c) Buyer's negligence, recklessness, or willful misconduct;
(d) Buyer's breach of this Agreement.

9.3 Indemnification Procedures

(a) The indemnified Party shall promptly notify the indemnifying Party in writing of any claim for which indemnification is sought. Failure to provide timely notice shall not relieve the indemnifying Party except to the extent it is actually prejudiced.

(b) The indemnifying Party shall have sole control over the defense and settlement, provided no settlement admits liability on behalf of the indemnified Party or imposes non-monetary obligations without the indemnified Party's prior written consent.

(c) The indemnified Party shall provide reasonable cooperation in the defense at the indemnifying Party's expense.

(d) The indemnified Party may participate in the defense with its own counsel at its own expense.

9.4 Limitation on Indemnification

Indemnification obligations shall be reduced to the extent the indemnified Party's own negligence or fault contributed to the loss, under Connecticut's modified comparative fault principles.

10. LIMITATION OF LIABILITY

10.1 Exclusion of Consequential Damages

EXCEPT FOR (A) BREACHES OF SECTION 12 (CONFIDENTIALITY), (B) INDEMNIFICATION OBLIGATIONS UNDER SECTION 9, (C) GROSS NEGLIGENCE OR WILLFUL MISCONDUCT, (D) INFRINGEMENT OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS, AND (E) SELLER'S OBLIGATIONS UNDER PRODUCT LIABILITY CLAIMS:

IN NO EVENT SHALL EITHER PARTY BE LIABLE TO THE OTHER FOR ANY INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE, OR EXEMPLARY DAMAGES, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION LOST PROFITS, LOST REVENUE, LOSS OF DATA, OR COST OF PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS, REGARDLESS OF THE CAUSE OF ACTION OR WHETHER SUCH PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.

[// GUIDANCE: Under Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-2-719(3), consequential damages may be limited or excluded unless the limitation or exclusion is unconscionable. Limitation of consequential damages for injury to the person in the case of consumer goods is prima facie unconscionable, but limitation of damages where the loss is commercial is not.]

10.2 Cap on Liability

EXCEPT FOR THE EXCLUSIONS LISTED IN SECTION 10.1, EACH PARTY'S TOTAL AGGREGATE LIABILITY UNDER THIS AGREEMENT SHALL NOT EXCEED THE GREATER OF:

(A) THE TOTAL AMOUNTS PAID OR PAYABLE BY BUYER TO SELLER UNDER THIS AGREEMENT DURING THE [12/24]-MONTH PERIOD PRECEDING THE CLAIM; OR

(B) $[AMOUNT].

10.3 Essential Purpose (Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-2-719)

(a) The Parties acknowledge that the limitations and exclusions in this Section 10 are essential to the Agreement and reflect a reasonable allocation of risk between sophisticated commercial entities.

(b) If any exclusive or limited remedy fails of its essential purpose (Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-2-719(2)), Buyer's remedies shall revert to all available remedies under the UCC, but subject to the liability cap in Section 10.2.

(c) The Parties acknowledge that Connecticut courts may sever unreasonable limitations while preserving the balance of this Section.

10.4 Liquidated Damages (Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-2-718)

Any liquidated damages provision in a Purchase Order must be reasonable in light of the anticipated or actual harm caused by the breach, the difficulty of proof of loss, and the inconvenience or nonfeasibility of otherwise obtaining an adequate remedy. A term fixing unreasonably large liquidated damages is void as a penalty.

11. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY

11.1 Seller's Intellectual Property

All Intellectual Property owned by Seller prior to this Agreement or developed independently by Seller shall remain Seller's sole property. Nothing herein grants Buyer any ownership rights in Seller's Intellectual Property.

11.2 Buyer's Intellectual Property

All Intellectual Property owned by Buyer prior to this Agreement or provided by Buyer to Seller shall remain Buyer's sole property. Seller shall not use Buyer's Intellectual Property except as necessary to fulfill Purchase Orders.

11.3 Custom Goods

For Goods manufactured to Buyer's specifications or designs:
(a) Buyer grants Seller a limited, non-exclusive license to use Buyer's specifications solely to manufacture the Goods under this Agreement;
(b) Buyer retains ownership of all custom designs, tooling, molds, and dies paid for by Buyer;
(c) Buyer shall indemnify Seller for infringement claims arising solely from Buyer's specifications;
(d) Seller shall not manufacture Goods using Buyer's specifications for any third party without Buyer's prior written consent.

11.4 IP Infringement Defense

If any Goods are alleged to infringe a third party's Intellectual Property, Seller shall, at its option and expense:
(a) Obtain the right for Buyer to continue using the Goods;
(b) Modify the Goods to be non-infringing while maintaining equivalent functionality;
(c) Replace the Goods with non-infringing equivalents; or
(d) If none of the foregoing is commercially practicable, refund the purchase price and accept return of the Goods.

12. CONFIDENTIALITY

12.1 Confidential Information

"Confidential Information" means all non-public information disclosed by either Party to the other, whether in writing, orally, or through observation, including business plans, pricing, customer lists, technical data, trade secrets, manufacturing processes, financial information, and the terms of this Agreement.

12.2 Obligations

Each Party shall:
(a) Protect Confidential Information using at least the same degree of care as its own confidential information, but no less than reasonable care;
(b) Use Confidential Information only for purposes of performing obligations under this Agreement;
(c) Disclose only to employees, officers, and contractors with a need to know who are bound by written confidentiality obligations at least as protective as this Section 12;
(d) Not reverse engineer, disassemble, or decompile any Goods, samples, or prototypes provided by the other Party.

12.3 Exclusions

Confidential Information does not include information that:
(a) Is or becomes publicly available without breach of this Agreement;
(b) Was known to the receiving Party prior to disclosure, as evidenced by written records;
(c) Is independently developed without use of or reference to Confidential Information;
(d) Is rightfully obtained from a third party without restriction on disclosure.

12.4 Connecticut Trade Secrets

The Parties acknowledge that certain Confidential Information may constitute "trade secrets" under the Connecticut Uniform Trade Secrets Act (Conn. Gen. Stat. § 35-50 et seq. — "CUTSA"). Each Party shall protect such trade secrets as required by law. Trade secret protections survive termination of this Agreement for as long as the information qualifies as a trade secret.

[// GUIDANCE: Under CUTSA, the statute of limitations for misappropriation claims is three years from when the misappropriation is discovered or should have been discovered (Conn. Gen. Stat. § 35-56). Willful and malicious misappropriation may result in enhanced damages and attorneys' fees (Conn. Gen. Stat. §§ 35-53, 35-54).]

12.5 Federal Trade Secret Protections — Whistleblower Notice

Pursuant to the Defend Trade Secrets Act of 2016 (18 U.S.C. § 1833(b)):

NOTICE: An individual shall not be held criminally or civilly liable under any federal or state trade secret law for the disclosure of a trade secret that: (A) is made (i) in confidence to a federal, state, or local government official, either directly or indirectly, or to an attorney; and (ii) solely for the purpose of reporting or investigating a suspected violation of law; or (B) is made in a complaint or other document filed in a lawsuit or other proceeding, if such filing is made under seal.

12.6 Required Disclosures

If compelled to disclose Confidential Information by law, regulation, or court order, the receiving Party shall: (a) provide prompt written notice to the disclosing Party (where legally permitted); (b) cooperate with the disclosing Party's efforts to obtain protective treatment; and (c) disclose only the minimum amount required.

12.7 Return of Materials

Upon termination of this Agreement or upon request, each Party shall promptly return or destroy all Confidential Information of the other Party, except for one archival copy retained solely for compliance and legal purposes.

13. DEFAULT AND REMEDIES

13.1 Events of Default

The following constitute events of default:
(a) Failure to pay any amount when due, not cured within [10] days of written notice;
(b) Material breach of any representation, warranty, or covenant, not cured within [30] days of written notice (or such longer period as reasonably required if cure cannot be completed within 30 days and the breaching Party is diligently pursuing cure);
(c) Insolvency, bankruptcy filing, or assignment for the benefit of creditors;
(d) Cessation of business operations;
(e) Any representation or warranty proving to have been materially false when made.

13.2 Remedies

Upon an event of default, the non-defaulting Party may:
(a) Suspend performance under this Agreement and all outstanding Purchase Orders;
(b) Terminate this Agreement and/or affected Purchase Orders pursuant to Section 14;
(c) Recover all amounts due plus interest at the rate specified in Section 4.4;
(d) Exercise applicable UCC remedies under Conn. Gen. Stat. §§ 42a-2-703 (Seller's remedies) or 42a-2-711 (Buyer's remedies);
(e) Seek specific performance or injunctive relief;
(f) Recover reasonable attorneys' fees and costs as provided in Section 15.7.

13.3 Adequate Assurance of Performance (Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-2-609)

When reasonable grounds for insecurity arise with respect to a Party's performance, the other Party may in writing demand adequate assurance of due performance. Until such assurance is received, the demanding Party may, if commercially reasonable, suspend any performance for which it has not already received the agreed return. Failure to provide adequate assurance within [30] days of demand constitutes anticipatory repudiation.

13.4 Cover (Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-2-712)

If Seller fails to deliver Conforming Goods, Buyer may "cover" by making a good-faith, reasonable purchase of substitute goods without unreasonable delay and recover from Seller the difference between the cover price and the contract price, plus incidental and consequential damages under Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-2-715, less expenses saved.

13.5 Seller's Resale (Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-2-706)

If Buyer wrongfully rejects Goods or fails to make payment, Seller may resell the Goods at a public or private sale and recover the difference between the resale price and contract price, plus incidental damages under Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-2-710, less expenses saved.

13.6 Cumulative Remedies

All remedies under this Agreement and the Connecticut UCC are cumulative and not exclusive. Exercise of one remedy does not preclude exercise of any other available remedy.

14. TERM AND TERMINATION

14.1 Term

This Agreement commences on the Effective Date and continues for an initial term of [1/2/3] year(s) (the "Initial Term"), unless earlier terminated. Thereafter, this Agreement shall automatically renew for successive [1]-year periods (each a "Renewal Term") unless either Party provides written notice of non-renewal at least [60/90] days before the end of the then-current term.

14.2 Termination for Convenience

Either Party may terminate this Agreement for convenience upon [90/180] days' prior written notice to the other Party.

14.3 Termination for Cause

Either Party may terminate this Agreement immediately upon written notice if the other Party:
(a) Commits a material breach that is not cured within the applicable cure period set forth in Section 13.1;
(b) Becomes insolvent, files for bankruptcy protection, or has an involuntary petition filed against it that is not dismissed within 60 days;
(c) Makes an assignment for the benefit of creditors;
(d) Has a receiver or trustee appointed for a substantial portion of its assets.

14.4 Effect of Termination

Upon termination:
(a) All outstanding Purchase Orders accepted prior to termination remain binding unless the Parties mutually agree otherwise;
(b) Buyer shall pay for all Goods delivered and accepted prior to termination;
(c) Each Party shall return the other's Confidential Information pursuant to Section 12.7;
(d) The following Sections survive termination: 2 (Definitions), 7 (Warranties), 9 (Indemnification), 10 (Limitation of Liability), 11 (Intellectual Property), 12 (Confidentiality), 13 (Default and Remedies — as to accrued obligations), 15 (Dispute Resolution), and 16 (General Provisions).

15. DISPUTE RESOLUTION

15.1 Governing Law

This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Connecticut, including the Connecticut Uniform Commercial Code (Conn. Gen. Stat. Title 42a), without regard to conflict of laws principles that would result in the application of the laws of another jurisdiction.

15.2 Negotiation

Before initiating formal dispute resolution, the Parties shall attempt to resolve any dispute through good-faith negotiation between senior management representatives for at least [30] days following written notice of the dispute.

15.3 Mediation

If negotiation fails, either Party may request non-binding mediation administered by [JAMS / AAA / agreed mediator] in [Hartford / New Haven / Stamford], Connecticut. Mediation costs shall be shared equally. The mediator shall be selected within [15] days and mediation concluded within [60] days of the request.

15.4 Arbitration OR Litigation

☐ ARBITRATION: Any dispute not resolved through negotiation and mediation shall be finally resolved by binding arbitration administered by [JAMS / AAA] under its Commercial Arbitration Rules, by a single arbitrator in [Hartford / New Haven], Connecticut. The arbitrator shall apply Connecticut substantive law. Judgment on the award may be entered in any court of competent jurisdiction. The arbitrator shall not have the authority to award punitive damages except as permitted by statute.

☐ LITIGATION: Any dispute not resolved through negotiation and mediation shall be resolved exclusively in the state courts of Connecticut sitting in [Hartford / New Haven / Fairfield] County, or the United States District Court for the District of Connecticut. Each Party hereby irrevocably consents to personal jurisdiction and venue in such courts and waives any objection based on inconvenient forum or lack of jurisdiction.

[// GUIDANCE: Select ONE option — arbitration or litigation. Delete the unused option. Connecticut maintains both a Superior Court system and a federal district court. For complex commercial disputes, arbitration may provide faster resolution. If litigation is selected, consider whether the Connecticut Business Court Program (available in Hartford, New Haven, and Fairfield judicial districts) may be appropriate.]

15.5 Jury Waiver

EACH PARTY HEREBY KNOWINGLY, VOLUNTARILY, AND IRREVOCABLY WAIVES, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY CONNECTICUT LAW, ANY RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY ACTION, PROCEEDING, OR COUNTERCLAIM ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY.

EACH PARTY CERTIFIES THAT NO REPRESENTATIVE OF THE OTHER PARTY HAS REPRESENTED THAT SUCH PARTY WOULD NOT SEEK TO ENFORCE THIS WAIVER, AND EACH PARTY ACKNOWLEDGES THAT IT HAS BEEN INDUCED TO ENTER INTO THIS AGREEMENT BY, AMONG OTHER THINGS, THE MUTUAL WAIVERS AND CERTIFICATIONS CONTAINED HEREIN.

Party Initials: Seller _______ Buyer _______

[// GUIDANCE: Connecticut courts have held that pre-litigation contractual jury waivers are presumptively enforceable in commercial contracts between sophisticated parties of comparable bargaining power, provided the waiver is knowing, intentional, and voluntary. Courts examine: (1) conspicuousness of the waiver, (2) whether parties were represented by counsel, (3) relative bargaining power, and (4) business experience. The all-caps format and initials requirement strengthen enforceability.]

15.6 Injunctive Relief

Notwithstanding the foregoing, either Party may seek temporary restraining orders, preliminary injunctive relief, or other equitable relief from any court of competent jurisdiction to prevent irreparable harm pending resolution of any dispute, without posting bond (to the extent permitted by law).

15.7 Attorneys' Fees

The prevailing Party in any action or proceeding to enforce this Agreement shall be entitled to recover its reasonable attorneys' fees, expert witness fees, and costs of suit.

15.8 Statute of Limitations

Actions for breach of this Agreement for sale of Goods must be commenced within four (4) years after the cause of action accrues (Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-2-725). The Parties:
☐ Accept the four-year default period
☐ Agree to reduce the period to [X] year(s) (minimum one year)

16. GENERAL PROVISIONS

16.1 Notices

All notices shall be in writing and delivered by: (a) personal delivery, (b) nationally recognized overnight courier (e.g., FedEx, UPS), (c) certified mail (return receipt requested), or (d) email with delivery confirmation, to the addresses set forth in Section 1 or as updated by written notice. Notices are effective upon: personal delivery — when delivered; courier — the next Business Day; certified mail — three (3) Business Days after mailing; email — upon confirmed delivery.

16.2 Force Majeure

Neither Party shall be liable for failure to perform due to a Force Majeure Event, provided the affected Party: (a) gives prompt written notice specifying the nature and expected duration; (b) uses commercially reasonable efforts to mitigate the impact; and (c) resumes performance promptly when the event ceases. If a Force Majeure Event continues for more than [90] days, either Party may terminate affected Purchase Orders without liability. The affected Party bears the burden of proving the Force Majeure Event.

16.3 Assignment

Neither Party may assign this Agreement or any rights or obligations hereunder without the other Party's prior written consent, except to an Affiliate or in connection with a merger, acquisition, or sale of substantially all of the assigning Party's assets. Any unauthorized assignment is void. This Agreement binds and inures to the benefit of the Parties' permitted successors and assigns.

16.4 Independent Contractors

The Parties are independent contractors. Nothing herein creates an employment, partnership, joint venture, or agency relationship between the Parties.

16.5 No Third-Party Beneficiaries

This Agreement benefits only the Parties and their permitted successors and assigns. No third party shall have any rights or remedies under this Agreement.

16.6 Waiver

No waiver of any provision or right is effective unless in writing signed by the waiving Party. Failure to enforce any provision on one occasion does not waive the right to enforce it on any other occasion. No single or partial exercise of a right precludes further exercise thereof.

16.7 Severability

If any provision of this Agreement is held invalid, illegal, or unenforceable by a court of competent jurisdiction, it shall be reformed to the minimum extent necessary to make it valid and enforceable, and the remaining provisions shall remain in full force and effect.

16.8 Entire Agreement

This Agreement, together with all Exhibits and accepted Purchase Orders, constitutes the entire agreement between the Parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersedes all prior and contemporaneous negotiations, representations, understandings, and agreements, whether oral or written.

16.9 Amendment

This Agreement may be amended or modified only by a written instrument signed by authorized representatives of both Parties. No course of dealing between the Parties shall operate as a modification.

16.10 Counterparts and Electronic Signatures

This Agreement may be executed in counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original and all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument. Electronic signatures are valid and legally binding pursuant to the Connecticut Uniform Electronic Transactions Act (Conn. Gen. Stat. § 1-266 et seq.) and the federal Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act (E-SIGN, 15 U.S.C. § 7001 et seq.).

16.11 Construction

(a) Headings are for convenience only and shall not affect interpretation.
(b) "Including" means "including without limitation."
(c) This Agreement shall not be construed against the drafter.
(d) References to statutes include all amendments and successor statutes.
(e) References to "days" mean calendar days unless "Business Days" is specified.

16.12 Good Faith

The Parties acknowledge that the Connecticut UCC imposes an obligation of good faith in the performance and enforcement of every contract (Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-1-304). Each Party agrees to act in good faith in all dealings under this Agreement.

16.13 Compliance with CUTPA

Each Party agrees not to engage in unfair methods of competition or unfair or deceptive acts or practices in the conduct of trade or commerce in connection with this Agreement, as prohibited by the Connecticut Unfair Trade Practices Act (Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42-110b). Violation of CUTPA may expose the violating Party to treble damages and attorneys' fees (Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42-110g).

17. EXECUTION BLOCK

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Parties have executed this Master Sale of Goods Agreement as of the Effective Date.

WARRANTY DISCLAIMER ACKNOWLEDGMENT (Section 7.6):

| Buyer Initials: _______ |

JURY WAIVER ACKNOWLEDGMENT (Section 15.5):

| Seller Initials: _______ | Buyer Initials: _______ |

EXHIBIT A — GOODS SPECIFICATIONS

[// GUIDANCE: Attach detailed specifications including part numbers, descriptions, quantities, quality requirements, and applicable industry standards (e.g., ASTM, ISO, UL). For Connecticut manufacturing, consider any environmental compliance requirements under the Connecticut General Statutes Title 22a (Environmental Protection).]

Quality Standards: [ISO 9001 / AS9100 / other applicable standard]

Packaging Requirements: [DESCRIBE PACKAGING, LABELING, AND MARKING REQUIREMENTS]

EXHIBIT B — PRICE SCHEDULE

[// GUIDANCE: Include volume discounts, minimum order quantities, and any special pricing terms. Connecticut sales tax (6.35%) must be separately stated unless an exemption applies.]

Minimum Order Quantity: [X UNITS / $X VALUE]

Price Adjustment Mechanism: [CPI / PPI / Fixed / Other]

EXHIBIT C — PURCHASE ORDER FORM

PURCHASE ORDER NO. [_______]

Reference Agreement Date: [EFFECTIVE DATE OF MASTER AGREEMENT]

Special Instructions: _______________________________________________

PRE-EXECUTION CHECKLIST

☐ All [PLACEHOLDER] fields completed with accurate information
☐ Appropriate delivery term selected in Section 5.1
☐ Pricing option selected in Section 4.1
☐ Arbitration or Litigation option selected in Section 15.4
☐ Statute of limitations option selected in Section 15.8
☐ Warranty period specified in Section 7.3
☐ Exhibit A (Goods Specifications) completed
☐ Exhibit B (Price Schedule) completed
☐ Exhibit C (Purchase Order Form) customized
☐ Warranty disclaimer initialed (Section 7.6)
☐ Jury waiver initialed (Section 15.5)
☐ Connecticut sales tax exemption certificates obtained (if applicable)
☐ Connecticut business registration verified for both Parties (if applicable)
☐ CUTPA compliance reviewed
☐ All guidance comments removed from final version
☐ Reviewed by Connecticut-licensed attorney
☐ Both Parties' authorized signatories confirmed

END OF AGREEMENT