IRS Written Determinations

Free IRS private letter rulings, technical advice memoranda, and Chief Counsel advice with plain-English summaries and the official IRS release on every page.

10,617 determinations and counting · Newest release July 31, 2026
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PLR

Multi-focus scholarship procedures received advance approval

A private foundation proposed scholarships for students attending high school, college, graduate school, or vocational school, with focus areas covering animal welfare, education, Christianity, and su…

202510016·March 7, 2025
Approved
PLR

Community high-school scholarship procedures received advance approval

A private foundation proposed annual renewable scholarships for graduating seniors from a specified high school to encourage growth in the local community. Eligible students must plan to pursue postse…

202510015·March 7, 2025
Approved
DET

Downtown merchant group denied charitable exemption for serving member businesses

An organization of downtown brick-and-mortar businesses applied for IRC § 501(c)(3) status. Its bylaws focused on promoting the downtown business district, merchant cooperation, community events, and …

202510014·March 7, 2025
Denied
DET

Inactive church lost exemption after insider property transfer

An organization recognized as a church had conducted no recent religious activities and had no funds in its bank account during the examined year. Court records and the IRS examination also indicated …

202510013·March 7, 2025
Revocation
PLR

Airport terminal charges and deemed-loan interest qualified as REIT income

A REIT held an interest in a partnership developing and operating a new international airport terminal. Airlines would pay for exclusive space based on square footage and for common terminal space bas…

202510012·March 7, 2025
Approved
PLR

Airport terminal charges and deemed-loan interest qualified as REIT income

A REIT indirectly owned an interest in a partnership developing and operating a new international airport terminal. Airlines would pay for exclusive space based on square footage and for common termin…

202510011·March 7, 2025
Approved
PLR

Foreign entity received 120 days to elect corporate classification

A foreign eligible entity intended to be classified as an association taxable as a corporation but did not timely file Form 8832. The IRS concluded that the entity met the standards for late regulator…

202510010·March 7, 2025
Approved
PLR

Partnership received 120 days to make a late section 754 election

A partnership failed to make an IRC § 754 election for the year in which a new partner purchased interests in it. The IRS concluded that the partnership met the standards for late regulatory-election …

202510009·March 7, 2025
Approved
PLR

Foreign purchaser received more time for section 338(g) elections

A foreign corporation intended to make IRC § 338(g) elections for its deemed acquisitions of two controlled foreign corporations but discovered after the deadline that valid elections may not have bee…

202510008·March 7, 2025
Approved
PLR

Partnership received 120 days to make a late section 754 election

A partnership failed to make an IRC § 754 election for the year in which new partners purchased interests in it. The IRS concluded that the partnership met the standards for late regulatory-election r…

202510007·March 7, 2025
Approved
PLR

Missed corporate extension did not defeat four regulatory elections

A corporate group doubled its federal and state filing workload after entering the mortgage-banking business, lost a recently hired tax director shortly before extension deadlines, and was transitioni…

202510006·March 7, 2025
Approved
PLR

Litigation-driven extension preserved liquidating-trust status

A liquidating trust was created under a Chapter 11 reorganization plan to convert assets to cash, resolve claims, and distribute proceeds, without operating a business. Unresolved litigation had preve…

202510005·March 7, 2025
Approved
PLR

Partnership ownership caused an inadvertent S election termination

An S corporation’s election terminated when a partnership, an ineligible S corporation shareholder, acquired all of its stock. The partnership later transferred the stock in equal shares to its two in…

202510004·March 7, 2025
Approved
PLR

Late QSST and ESBT elections caused an inadvertent S termination

An S corporation’s stock was held by a grantor trust that remained an eligible shareholder for two years after its owner died. The stock then passed to a trust that qualified as a QSST, but its benefi…

202510003·March 7, 2025
Approved
PLR

Late ESBT election caused an inadvertent S termination

An S corporation’s stock was held by a grantor trust that remained an eligible shareholder for two years after its owner died. The stock then passed to a second trust that qualified as an electing sma…

202510002·March 7, 2025
Approved
PLR

Three late trust elections caused an inadvertent S termination

After an S corporation shareholder died, stock held in the shareholder’s grantor trust passed to three successor trusts. Two qualified to elect treatment as electing small business trusts, and one qua…

202510001·March 7, 2025
Approved
PLR

Fine-artist grant procedures received advance approval

A private foundation proposed one-time grants to emerging and mid-career fine artists who are U.S. citizens or permanent residents and no longer students. Applicants must submit past work, a proposal,…

202509016·February 28, 2025
Approved
DET

Unresponsive supporting organization lost exemption for failing to provide records

A functionally integrated Type III supporting organization did not respond to repeated IRS requests for records needed to verify its continued qualification under IRC § 501(c)(3). The IRS mailed the e…

202509015·February 28, 2025
Revocation
PLR

Estate received 120 days to make a late portability election

An estate that represented it was not otherwise required to file Form 706 missed the deadline to elect portability of the decedent’s unused estate and gift tax exclusion for the surviving spouse. Base…

202509014·February 28, 2025
Approved
PLR

Affiliated group received 75 days to elect consolidated filing

An affiliated corporate group failed to timely elect to file a consolidated federal income tax return with its parent as common parent. The group sought relief before the IRS discovered the omission, …

202509013·February 28, 2025
Approved
PLR

Group received 75 days to apportion its section 382 limitation

Subsidiaries left a consolidated group while the group had a consolidated IRC § 382 limitation. The parent and departing subsidiaries failed to timely elect to apportion all or part of that limitation…

202509012·February 28, 2025
Approved
PLR

Taxpayer received 120 days to perfect CFC group elections

A U.S. consolidated group intended to make controlled-foreign-corporation group elections for two years under the IRC § 163(j) business-interest rules. It mistakenly computed under older proposed regu…

202509011·February 28, 2025
Approved
PLR

Early trust termination avoided transfer taxes but triggered capital gain

A pre-September 25, 1985 irrevocable trust paid a fixed annuity to a grandchild and would ultimately pass to the grandchild’s descendants. The adult and minor beneficiaries, represented as necessary, …

202509010·February 28, 2025
Approved
PLR

Foreign entity received 120 days to elect partnership classification

A foreign eligible entity intended to be classified as a partnership and filed its federal tax reports consistently with that treatment, but inadvertently failed to file Form 8832. The IRS concluded t…

202509009·February 28, 2025
Approved
PLR

Foreign entity received 120 days to elect corporate classification

A foreign eligible entity intended to be classified as an association taxable as a corporation but inadvertently failed to file Form 8832. The IRS concluded that the entity met the standards for late …

202509008·February 28, 2025
Approved
PLR

Three late QSST elections caused an inadvertent S termination

Three trusts acquired stock in an S corporation and each qualified to elect treatment as a qualified subchapter S trust, but none of their beneficiaries filed the QSST election on time. The trusts wer…

202509007·February 28, 2025
Approved
PLR

LLC received 120 days for corporate and S elections

A domestic LLC intended to elect association taxable as a corporation status and S corporation treatment effective on the same date, but filed neither Form 8832 nor Form 2553. The IRS concluded that t…

202509006·February 28, 2025
Approved
PLR

Life-insurance commission rebates were nontaxable price adjustments

A life-insurance agency entered rebate agreements under which it returned part of its commission to customers after they paid the premium and the carrier issued the policy. The rebate effectively redu…

202509005·February 28, 2025
Approved
PLR

Partnership received 120 days to make a late section 754 election

An LLC that had changed from disregarded-entity to partnership status intended to make an IRC § 754 election when a buyer acquired a percentage interest, but did not timely file it. The IRS concluded …

202509004·February 28, 2025
Approved
PLR

Qualified opportunity fund received relief for a late Form 8996

A limited partnership was formed to operate as a qualified opportunity fund and hired an adviser to file its first-year return and related elections. The return and Form 8996 were not filed on time be…

202509003·February 28, 2025
Approved
PLR

Partnership received more time to elect out of bonus depreciation

A partnership intended not to claim bonus depreciation for any class of qualified property placed in service during a tax year. Its return preparer reflected that choice on Form 4562 but inadvertently…

202509002·February 28, 2025
Approved
PLR

Corporation received inadvertent S election termination relief

An S corporation issued stock to a partnership and another S corporation, neither of which was an eligible S corporation shareholder. More stock later passed to a second S corporation, creating anothe…

202509001·February 28, 2025
Approved
DET

Foundation scholarship procedures approved

A private foundation asked the IRS to approve procedures for two scholarship programs serving economically disadvantaged students. One program offers nonrenewable awards to graduates of two specified …

202508009·February 21, 2025
Approved
DET

Teaching and coaching grant procedures approved

A private foundation proposed grants for recent U.S. college graduates to spend a year teaching, coaching sports, and supporting students at a school outside the United States. A committee would recru…

202508008·February 21, 2025
Approved
DET

Need-based county scholarship procedures approved

A private foundation proposed scholarships for graduating high school seniors from a specified county who plan to attend accredited postsecondary institutions. Applicants must show financial need and …

202508007·February 21, 2025
Approved
DET

IRS denies 501(c)(3) status to a neighborhood association that is substantially social and recreational

A midtown neighborhood association applied for charity status under section 501(c)(3) using the short Form 1023-EZ. Its mission was to build community spirit and civic pride by running events like a H…

202508006·February 21, 2025
Denied
DET

IRS denies 501(c)(3) status to a college-athlete NIL collective for serving private interests

An organization applied to be recognized as a tax-exempt charity under section 501(c)(3). Its business was to line up college athletes' name, image, and likeness (NIL) rights, then provide those NIL r…

202508005·February 21, 2025
Denied
PLR

LLC gets 60 more days to self-certify as a Qualified Opportunity Fund after its accountant missed the filing

An LLC (taxed as a partnership) was formed to invest in Qualified Opportunity Zone property, a program that lets investors defer and reduce tax on capital gains if they invest through a Qualified Oppo…

202508004·February 21, 2025
Approved
PLR

Foreign entity gets 120 more days to file a late "check-the-box" election to be a disregarded entity

A foreign business entity wanted to be treated as a "disregarded entity" for U.S. tax purposes, meaning it would be ignored as separate from its single owner (so the owner reports the entity's activit…

202508003·February 21, 2025
Approved
PLR

Surviving spouse who is sole executor and sole estate beneficiary may roll over inherited IRAs into her own IRA

A person died before reaching age 73, leaving several IRAs that named the estate as the primary beneficiary. The surviving spouse was both the sole executor of the estate and the sole beneficiary of e…

202508002·February 21, 2025
Approved
PLR

A family company's redemption of one shareholder's stock will not be a deemed distribution under section 305

A privately held, family-owned corporation plans to buy back (redeem) all of one family member's non-voting Class B shares for ordinary business reasons. Normally a company redeeming shares does not c…

202508001·February 21, 2025
Approved
DET

IRS denies 501(c)(6) business-league status to a group promoting blockchain open-source software

A section 501(c)(6) business league is a tax-exempt association of people with a common business interest whose purpose is to improve conditions across a whole line of business, not to run a for-profi…

202507012·February 14, 2025
Denied
PLR

Real estate partnership gets more time to elect out of bonus depreciation and into the real-property interest rules

Two related tax choices are at issue. First, bonus depreciation under section 168(k) lets a business immediately deduct a large share of the cost of certain property, but a taxpayer can elect out of i…

202507011·February 14, 2025
Approved
PLR

Bank trustee gets more time to certify that a QDOT beneficiary became a U.S. citizen

When someone dies leaving property to a surviving spouse who is not a U.S. citizen, the usual estate-tax marital deduction is not allowed unless the property goes into a qualified domestic trust (QDOT…

202507010·February 14, 2025
Approved
PLR

Company gets more time to elect out of bonus depreciation after preparer omitted the statement

Bonus depreciation (additional first-year depreciation under section 168(k)) lets a business immediately deduct a large percentage of the cost of certain new equipment instead of spreading it over yea…

202507009·February 14, 2025
Approved
PLR

Estate gets more time to split a marital trust and make a reverse QTIP election for GST purposes

When a person dies leaving property in a marital trust for a surviving spouse, the estate can elect QTIP treatment so the property qualifies for the estate-tax marital deduction. For the generation-sk…

202507008·February 14, 2025
Approved
PLR

Foreign single-owner entity gets more time to elect disregarded-entity status

Under the "check-the-box" rules, an eligible business entity can choose how it is taxed by filing Form 8832. A foreign entity with a single owner can elect to be disregarded, meaning it is treated as …

202507007·February 14, 2025
Approved
PLR

S corporation's accidental termination is excused when a trust missed its QSST election

An S corporation is a small business corporation whose income is taxed to its shareholders rather than the company, but it can only have certain kinds of shareholders. A trust can qualify, but only if…

202507006·February 14, 2025
Approved
PLR

Donor gets more time to allocate GST exemption after accountant let him opt out by mistake

The generation-skipping transfer (GST) tax applies when wealth passes to grandchildren or more remote descendants, but each person has a GST exemption they can allocate to a trust to shield it from th…

202507005·February 14, 2025
Approved
PLR

IRS denies a late portability election because the estate used hindsight

"Portability" lets a surviving spouse use the unused portion of a deceased spouse's federal estate-tax exclusion (the deceased spousal unused exclusion, or DSUE), but only if the first spouse's estate…

202507004·February 14, 2025
Denied
PLR

Donor gets more time to allocate GST exemption after accountant let him opt out by mistake

The generation-skipping transfer (GST) tax applies when wealth passes to grandchildren or more remote descendants, but each person has a GST exemption they can allocate to a trust to shield it from th…

202507003·February 14, 2025
Approved
PLR

Foreign single-owner entity gets more time to elect disregarded-entity status

Under the "check-the-box" rules, an eligible business entity can choose how it is taxed by filing Form 8832. A foreign entity with a single owner can elect to be disregarded, meaning it is treated as …

202507002·February 14, 2025
Approved
PLR

Foreign single-owner entity gets more time to elect disregarded-entity status

Under the "check-the-box" rules, an eligible business entity can choose how it is taxed by filing Form 8832. A foreign entity with a single owner can elect to be disregarded, meaning it is treated as …

202507001·February 14, 2025
Approved
PLR

Merged pension plan may keep using its existing substitute mortality tables

When a single-employer defined benefit pension plan calculates its funding obligations under section 430, it normally uses standard IRS mortality tables, but a plan can get IRS approval to use its own…

202506013·February 7, 2025
Approved
PLR

IRS pre-approves a company foundation's employee-children scholarship program

A private foundation tied to a company asked the IRS to pre-approve the way it will hand out scholarships to the children of the company's employees. This approval matters because a private foundation…

202506012·February 7, 2025
Approved
PLR

Foreign futures exchange is a "qualified board or exchange" for section 1256 mark-to-market treatment

Certain futures and similar contracts get special tax treatment under section 1256: they are treated as if sold at year end (mark-to-market), with gains and losses split 60% long-term and 40% short-te…

202506011·February 7, 2025
Approved
PLR

Exporter gets more time to elect IC-DISC status after filing the election three days late

An interest-charge domestic international sales corporation (IC-DISC) is a special export-incentive entity that lets a related U.S. business defer some tax on export income. To be one, a corporation m…

202506010·February 7, 2025
Approved
PLR

Buyer and seller of an S corporation get more time to elect asset-sale treatment for a stock purchase

When someone buys at least 80% of a corporation's stock, a section 336(e) election lets the parties treat the stock sale as if the company had instead sold all its assets, which can give the buyer a s…

202506009·February 7, 2025
Approved
PLR

Opportunity-fund gets more time to self-certify after its accountant left the form off the return

A limited liability company was set up to be a Qualified Opportunity Fund (QOF), the kind of investment vehicle that lets people defer and reduce tax on capital gains they reinvest in economically dis…

202506008·February 7, 2025
Approved
PLR

REIT's intercompany support payments are not double-counted for the income and asset tests

A real estate investment trust (REIT) that owns wireless and broadcast communications towers, both in the U.S. and abroad, holds many of those assets through a partnership it mostly owns and through f…

202506007·February 7, 2025
Approved

What these documents are

  • Private letter rulings (PLRs): A taxpayer asked the IRS to rule on a planned transaction before doing it. The ruling shows exactly how the IRS applied the Code to those facts.
  • Technical advice memoranda (TAMs): The IRS National Office answering a question raised during an audit or other proceeding.
  • Chief Counsel advice (CCAs): IRS lawyers advising their own field staff on how to apply the law.
  • Determination letters: Rulings on exempt-organization matters, such as whether an organization qualifies under § 501(c)(3) or a foundation's grant procedures pass § 4945.
  • Not precedent, still useful: Under 26 U.S.C. § 6110(k)(3) none of these can be cited as precedent. They remain the best public window into how the IRS actually rules on facts like yours, and practitioners read them for exactly that.