Federal agency decisions, searchable in plain English.

Workplace-safety cases from the Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission (OSHRC) and mine-safety cases from the Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission (FMSHRC), each with a plain-English summary, the standards it cites, and whether it counts as precedent. More agencies are coming.

5,593 decisions and counting · Latest decision July 17, 2026
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COMM

Ford Motor Company – Buffalo Stamping Plant

Crane-inspection dispute remanded for factfinding

OSHA issued Ford's Buffalo Stamping Plant a willful citation alleging that unsafe crane conditions were not corrected before operation resumed. The administrative law judge granted summary judgment to Ford and vacated the citation. The Commission found genuine factual disputes over what Ford's…

August 30, 2011
Remanded
ALJ

Tecta America New England, LLC

Unprotected roof-edge work results in serious citation

Two Tecta roofing employees worked near the edge of a commercial roof about 20 feet above the ground without tying off their available fall-protection equipment. The working foreman's knowledge of the condition was imputed to the company. Tecta argued that the conduct was unpreventable because it…

August 24, 2011 ·G. Marvin Bober
Citations affirmed
ALJ

B & B Underground Contractors

Excavation and gas-cylinder violations yield $8,000 penalty

B & B Underground Contractors operated a deep boring pit for a wastewater pipeline project in Alabama. The judge affirmed a serious violation for unsecured gas cylinders and found that the pit's only ramp was unsafe and more than 25 feet from employees' work area. Water was accumulating in the pit…

August 22, 2011 ·Sharon D. Calhoun
Mixed result
ALJ

Stellar Management Group d/b/a QSI

Eye protection required during poultry-equipment rinsing

Stellar Management employees used high-pressure, heated water to clean poultry-processing equipment without eye protection. The spray blasted and splashed bone, blood, and chicken particles from equipment while employees worked within three or four feet. The judge found a serious eye hazard and…

August 22, 2011 ·Stephen J. Simko, Jr.
Citations affirmed
ALJ

Archon Construction

Unprotected trench violation affirmed as repeat

Two Archon employees entered a six-foot-deep trench with steep walls and no cave-in protection to cut an existing sewer pipe. The judge found that the foreman knew the trench's physical condition, even though he mistakenly believed it was less than five feet deep. That mistaken belief prevented a…

August 19, 2011 ·Patrick B. Augustine
Mixed result
ALJ

Southern Solar

Ladder-use and training items vacated for insufficient proof

A Southern Solar employee used a stepladder that did not extend three feet above the parapet used as the upper landing surface. The judge found that OSHA did not prove the company's lead worker knew or reasonably should have known how that ladder was being used. OSHA also cited Southern Solar for…

August 11, 2011 ·Sharon D. Calhoun
Citations vacated
ALJ

O'Connell Electric Company, Inc.

PPE selection and hazard-certification items affirmed

O'Connell Electric crews performed electrical replacement and maintenance work at a university building where some 34,500-volt switches remained energized. An electrician entered an energized switch cabinet outside the crew's assigned work and suffered severe burns in an arc flash. The judge found…

July 27, 2011 ·John H. Schumacher
Mixed result
ALJ

DeWitt Excavating, Inc.

Willful unprotected-trench violation affirmed

Three DeWitt Excavating employees worked in an eight-foot-deep Type C soil excavation with nearly vertical walls and no cave-in protection. The foreman knew protection was required but proceeded without using one of the company's available trench boxes. The judge rejected DeWitt's…

July 25, 2011 ·Ken S. Welsch
Citations affirmed
ALJ

Schaer Development of Central Florida

Improper excavation slope affirmed

Schaer Development installed a manhole in a Florida excavation that reached about 14 feet deep near a highway. OSHA cited spoil piles and a track hoe located within two feet of the edge, but the judge vacated that item because the Secretary did not prove the material or equipment could fall or roll…

July 22, 2011 ·Sharon D. Calhoun
Mixed result
COMM

Cranesville Aggregate Companies, Inc., d/b/a Scotia Bag Plant; and Cranesville Block Company, Inc.

Discovery orders narrowed and cases resumed

Cranesville sought internal OSHA memoranda and depositions of three Mine Safety and Health Administration employees to support a jurisdictional defense. The Commission held that two OSHA memoranda were protected in full by the work-product privilege and should not have been disclosed, even in…

July 13, 2011
Procedural
COMM

Delek Refining, LTD.

Third-party report privilege requires in-camera review

After a refinery explosion and fire, OSHA issued process-safety citations and subpoenaed a draft technical report prepared by an outside consultant. Delek claimed the report was protected by attorney-client privilege, but the judge denied its motion to quash without reviewing the document. The…

July 11, 2011
Procedural
ALJ

Central Building & Preservation

Unprotected 200-foot roof edge results in serious citation

A foreman and laborer worked inches from the edge of a Chicago building about 200 feet above the ground with their harnesses unattached. OSHA personnel observed and photographed the condition from an office across the street. The foreman's participation established employer knowledge, and the…

July 8, 2011 ·Sidney J. Goldstein
Citations affirmed
ALJ

Caterpillar Logistics Services, Inc.

Work-related elbow illness should have been recorded

A Caterpillar employee developed epicondylitis while repeatedly scanning and handling parts in a distribution facility. The condition led to work restrictions, time away from work, reassignment, and medical treatment. The judge found the company's same-day ergonomic review deficient because it…

June 30, 2011 ·Patrick B. Augustine
Citations affirmed
ALJ

Dandelion Inn

Late contests dismissed and citations left final

OSHA issued Dandelion Inn two sets of citations with combined proposed penalties of $4,450. The hotel filed its notices of contest months after the applicable 15-working-day deadlines. It argued that confusion, abatement submissions, staff changes, unreturned calls, and the informal-conference…

June 24, 2011 ·Sharon D. Calhoun
Procedural
ALJ

Ultra Commercial Interiors, Inc.

Unsecured and unmarked floor-cover violations affirmed

An Ultra Commercial Interiors foreman stepped on an unsecured plywood board that covered a floor opening and fell 16 feet, sustaining serious knee and ankle injuries. The cover was neither secured nor marked as a hole or cover. The judge found constructive knowledge because company supervisors knew…

June 23, 2011 ·Stephen J. Simko, Jr.
Mixed result
ALJ

Chicago Bridge & Iron

Crane swing-radius barricade violation affirmed

Chicago Bridge used a crane with a broken swing-radius barricade while constructing a water tower. A walkway to the job trailer passed through the crane's danger zone, and employees worked nearby while cylinders were moved. The judge found employee access reasonably predictable even apart from…

June 22, 2011 ·Sharon D. Calhoun
Citations affirmed
ALJ

M.C. Dean, Inc.

Unguarded skylight violation affirmed after fatal fall

An M.C. Dean electrician went onto a warehouse roof to inspect exhaust fans and fell through an unguarded skylight nearly 26 feet to the floor. He died from his injuries two weeks later. The judge found constructive knowledge because the onsite field supervisor failed to inspect the unfamiliar…

June 22, 2011 ·Sharon D. Calhoun
Citations affirmed
ALJ

Modern Building Solutions, LLC

Steep-roof fall violation affirmed at church project

A Modern Building Solutions worker replaced missing roof-sheathing nails and removed boards on an 8-in-12 church roof without conventional fall protection. The judge found the church was a commercial project, so the alternative residential-construction provision did not apply. The inspection…

June 20, 2011 ·Ken S. Welsch
Citations affirmed
ALJ

Framers R Us, Inc.

Ladder violations affirmed and repeat fall item vacated

Framers R Us employees used a closed A-frame ladder as the only access to the third level of a motel construction project. The judge held the company responsible even though it did not own or place the ladder because its employees used it and the company took no alternative protective steps. The…

June 20, 2011 ·Ken S. Welsch
Mixed result
ALJ

Summer & Winter Contruction, LLC

Roofing safety violations yield $89,000 in penalties

OSHA inspected Summer & Winter roofing crews at two New Hampshire sites and found extensive fall-protection and related safety violations. At the first site, workers used body belts, shared anchors, worked beneath a raised lift, used a damaged ladder, and accessed a steep roof without compliant…

June 15, 2011 ·Dennis L. Phillips
Citations affirmed
ALJ

Southern Crushed Concrete

OSHA citations vacated because MSHA had jurisdiction

Southern Crushed Concrete operated an integrated sand-dredging and processing facility in Texas. OSHA cited conditions at a pug mill where dried sand was mixed with a small amount of cement to produce stabilized sand. The judge found that the pug mill was technologically and geographically…

June 8, 2011 ·James R. Rucker, Jr.
Citations vacated
ALJ

Ben Hur Construction Company

Partial EAJA fee award granted after citations were vacated

Ben Hur Construction prevailed after OSHA withdrew or the judge vacated citations arising from a fatal crane-disassembly accident. The company then sought attorney fees and expenses under the Equal Access to Justice Act. The judge found the Secretary substantially justified in pursuing the…

June 2, 2011 ·Ken S. Welsch
Procedural
ALJ

Sanchez Arango Construction

Four violations affirmed and two vacated

OSHA cited Sanchez Arango Construction after an inspector saw an employee working about twenty-five feet above the ground without tying off. The judge affirmed serious violations for using a damaged synthetic sling and failing to provide fall protection, rejecting the employee-misconduct defense…

May 19, 2011 ·Patrick B. Augustine
Mixed result
COMM

Birdair, Inc.

Compliance officer's phone records protected by informer's privilege

Birdair subpoenaed the personal cellular-phone records of the OSHA compliance officer who investigated it. The Commission held that the informer's privilege protected the records because phone numbers, call frequency, and call duration could identify people who assisted OSHA and reveal how much…

April 27, 2011
Procedural
COMM

Altor, Inc., and/or Avcon, Inc.

Eight willful items affirmed with $412,000 penalty

OSHA cited extensive hard-hat, open-edge, and floor-hole hazards during construction of a sixteen-story concrete building. The Commission held that Altor and Avcon operated as a single employer because they shared a worksite, management, ownership, office support, and integrated operations. The…

April 26, 2011
Modified
COMM

KS Energy Services, Inc.

Review withdrawn and judge's decision made final

The Commission vacated its earlier direction for review of the case. As a result, the administrative law judge's decision became the Commission's final order on April 26, 2011. The order does not discuss the underlying citations or explain why review was withdrawn. It expressly states that the…

April 26, 2011
Procedural
COMM

Trinity Yachts, LLC, and its Successors

Argon-training case remanded for excluded testimony

After a welder died while working with argon in a yacht's enclosed vent trunk, the judge affirmed a training violation but vacated atmospheric-testing and mechanical-ventilation items. The Commission did not decide the merits. It held that the judge improperly cut off testimony from Trinity's…

April 26, 2011
Remanded
ALJ

ADM Milling Company

Manlift guarding citation vacated under grandfather provision

OSHA cited ADM Milling for failing to guard the lower pulley and moving steps of a continuous-belt manlift installed in 1954. The judge held that the manlift standard's grandfather provision, reinforced by OSHA's own 1991 interpretation letter, made the standard inapplicable to manlifts installed…

April 25, 2011 ·Benjamin R. Loye
Citations vacated
COMM

Waterford Aluminum Company, Inc.

Pro se default set aside and case remanded

A judge entered default against Waterford Aluminum after the company failed to answer the Secretary's complaint or respond to a show-cause order. The Commission set the default aside because the record did not establish that Waterford received the show-cause order, a broken water pipe had closed…

April 25, 2011
Remanded
ALJ

Korte Construction Co.

Flexible-cord damage citation vacated

Korte Construction routed two heavy-duty electrical cables and a smaller extension cord through friction-hinged windows at a construction project. OSHA alleged that the cords were insufficiently protected from sharp edges and pinch-point damage. The judge found that the heavy rubber sheathing…

April 14, 2011 ·Patrick B. Augustine
Citations vacated
ALJ

Benise-Dowling, Inc.

Fire-suppression and eyewash violations affirmed

OSHA cited conditions at Benise-Dowling's powder-coating facility during a follow-up inspection. The judge affirmed a serious violation because a new electrostatic spray booth lacked automatic fire suppression, rejecting the company's claim that an earlier OSHA discussion deprived it of fair…

April 8, 2011 ·Ken S. Welsch
Mixed result
ALJ

Revoli Construction Company, Inc.

Gas-line excavation violations affirmed

A Revoli crew severed an unmarked gas main while excavating near a school. The judge found that Revoli's training was inadequately documented and was delivered in English to workers with limited English proficiency without a reliable method to ensure comprehension. He also credited a police officer…

April 7, 2011 ·John H. Schumacher
Citations affirmed
COMM

Avcon, Inc., Vasilios Saites, and Nicholas Saites

Fall-protection violations largely affirmed with $77,350 penalty

OSHA cited numerous hazards during construction of an eighteen-story concrete building. The Commission dismissed Bill and Nick Saites individually because the Secretary added them after the six-month limitations period and did not show that their original omission resulted from a mistake that would…

April 5, 2011
Modified
ALJ

Winesburg Builders, LLC

Defective lifting-sling violation affirmed

Winesburg used a visibly cut and frayed nylon sling, with its safety thread showing, to lift construction beams. The judge rejected the company's argument that the sling was not defective because later testing showed it could withstand a 6,000-pound load. A foreman must be able to identify…

April 4, 2011 ·Sharon D. Calhoun
Citations affirmed
ALJ

Crown Cork & Seal USA, Inc.

Press-cleaning violations affirmed and pathogen items vacated

An employee lost a finger while cleaning a running can-end press near the unguarded rear of a pulley. The judge found it reasonably predictable that employees would clean beyond the machine's front because they had done so regularly and were never clearly prohibited from cleaning the rear. Crown…

March 28, 2011 ·G. Marvin Bober
Mixed result
COMM

AKM LLC d/b/a Volks Constructors

Four recordkeeping violations treated as continuing

Volks failed to create incident reports and log entries for numerous injuries, review its logs for completeness, obtain executive certification of annual summaries, and keep one annual summary posted for the full required period. The Commission majority held that the first four omissions continued…

March 11, 2011
Modified
ALJ

Heff's Tuckpointing

Residential roof fall-protection violation affirmed

Heff's employee worked on a steep residential roof about eleven feet above the ground while removing bricks from a chimney without conventional fall protection. The judge found that the nearby scaffold did not reliably prevent a fall and that Heff's had not shown anchors, guardrails, or other…

March 3, 2011 ·Ken S. Welsch
Mixed result
ALJ

Diversified Maintenance Systems

Medical-response planning citation vacated

OSHA cited Diversified Maintenance because its only onsite employee's first-aid and CPR certifications had expired. The judge held that OSHA cited the planning requirement in § 1926.50(b), not the separate certification requirement in § 1926.50(c). Before work began, the company had identified an…

March 3, 2011 ·Patrick B. Augustine
Citations vacated
ALJ

Shawn Telsi, d/b/a Life Time Homes, Green Pines, and/or Telsi Builders

Excavation violations affirmed with $91,200 penalty

Telsi controlled a temple-construction site where subcontractor employees worked in a deep excavation with vertical walls, large spoil piles at the edges, no nearby safe egress, uncovered holes, defective ladders, and uncapped rebar. The judge found Telsi was both the controlling and creating…

February 23, 2011 ·Covette Rooney
Mixed result
ALJ

Paramount Advanced Wireless, LLC

$19,276.65 EAJA award granted

Paramount prevailed after a fall-protection citation arising from a fatal tower accident was vacated, then sought fees under the Equal Access to Justice Act. The judge found the Secretary's litigation position was not substantially justified because it rested on a readily correctable…

February 23, 2011 ·Covette Rooney
Procedural
COMM

Pike Electric, Inc.

Settlement approved as final order

After the Secretary petitioned for review of the administrative law judge's disposition and the Commission directed the case for review, the parties signed a settlement agreement. The Commission reviewed and approved the agreement under Commission Rule 100. The short final order does not describe…

February 14, 2011
Procedural
COMM

US Pagoda, Inc.

Post-retirement decision remanded for further action

OSHA inspected US Pagoda, Inc.'s construction work site and issued a citation and proposed penalty. The employer filed its notice of contest more than ten weeks after the statutory deadline, and former Chief Administrative Law Judge Irving Sommer denied relief and affirmed the citation. The…

February 8, 2011
Remanded
ALJ

FedEx Express, Inc.

Late recordkeeping violation reduced to de minimis

A FedEx employee cut his forehead while exiting a vehicle and received sutures and prescription medication. A supervisor entered the injury into FedEx's electronic system but did not mark that medical treatment was received, so the case did not appear on the 2007 OSHA 300 Log within seven days…

January 26, 2011 ·Ken S. Welsch
Modified
ALJ

AMP Electrical, Inc.

Electrical training and energized-circuit violations affirmed

AMP Electrical was installing equipment for a store's new chiller when an electrician drilled through a switchboard back plate and contacted an energized circuit, causing a flash and burns to his face and neck. The judge found that the project was construction work and that AMP could have…

January 12, 2011 ·G. Marvin Bober
Mixed result
ALJ

Burch Construction

Eye-protection violation affirmed for overhead joint-compound work

Burch Construction was performing drywall and stucco work when an employee applied wet joint compound at and above eye level without safety glasses. The product warnings and safety data sheets called for eye protection because contact could irritate the eyes. The judge found that the employee…

January 10, 2011 ·Dennis L. Phillips
Citations affirmed
COMM

Loretto-Oswego Residential Health Care Facility

Repeat violations reduced to serious

Loretto-Oswego operated a nursing home affiliated with two other Loretto facilities that had prior final orders for substantially similar violations. The judge treated the related corporations as a single employer and affirmed seven items as repeat. The Commission reversed because the facilities…

January 7, 2011
Modified
ALJ

Flanagan Contracting, LLC

Unprotected excavation violation affirmed

Flanagan Contracting opened an excavation to connect a sewer line at a residential construction site. Its foreman worked for thirty to forty minutes in the approximately eight-foot-deep excavation without a trench shield or adequate sloping. The judge found that the excavation was in previously…

January 3, 2011 ·Sharon D. Calhoun
Citations affirmed
ALJ

Garden Ridge, Store # 46

Compactor item vacated and records item affirmed

Garden Ridge operated a garbage compactor with a hatch-door interlock that was not working properly. Employees normally stood outside the hatch and used a ten-foot board to push trash down a ten-foot chute toward the compaction chamber. The judge vacated the machine-guarding item because the…

January 3, 2011 ·Sharon D. Calhoun
Mixed result
COMM

Trinity Yachts, LLC and its Successors

Case returned for possible correction of the judge's decision

OSHA cited Trinity Yachts for three alleged violations of shipyard employment standards and proposed $13,500 in penalties. The judge affirmed two items, vacated one, and assessed $9,000. After Trinity sought review, the Commission identified possible clerical or omission errors near the end of the…

December 21, 2010
Remanded
ALJ

Latite Roofing and Sheet Metal LLC, the Successor to Latite Roofing and Sheet Metal Co., Inc.

Safety-monitoring violation affirmed with a $5,000 penalty

Latite Roofing used a safety-monitoring system while three employees worked on a three-story residential roof. OSHA alleged that the designated monitor could not always see or orally communicate with the other roofers and had roofing duties that distracted him from monitoring. The judge found that…

December 16, 2010 ·Dennis L. Phillips
Citations affirmed
ALJ

Ben Hur Construction Co.

Crane-operation and training allegations vacated

A Ben Hur Construction apprentice was killed while helping disassemble a crawler crane after he attached his fall-protection lanyard to a live crane cable. OSHA alleged that Ben Hur failed to follow the manufacturer's crane specifications and failed to train the employee to recognize and avoid…

December 15, 2010 ·Ken S. Welsch
Citations vacated
ALJ

Crowther Roofing & Sheet Metal of Florida

Steep-roof fall violation affirmed with reduced penalty

Two Crowther Roofing employees snapped chalk lines on a steep apartment-building roof without tying off, about 60 feet above the ground. The judge imputed the foreman's knowledge to Crowther because he directed the crew, knew the employees were not tied off, and did not correct them. Crowther had a…

December 1, 2010 ·Ken S. Welsch
Modified
COMM

BOH Brothers Construction Co., LLC

Lifeline case remanded for specific credibility findings

OSHA cited Boh Brothers after a bridge girder fell into the water with ten employees, killing a foreman. The judge affirmed a violation concerning a horizontal lifeline designed to support no more than five workers with a safety factor of two. That ruling depended on testimony that more than five…

November 30, 2010
Remanded
COMM

Jesco, Inc.

Aerial-lift modification item narrowed to the clamped beam

Jesco used an aerial lift to move 31-foot, 325-pound ceiling beams at an industrial facility. It secured the first beam to the basket's guardrails with vise clamps, then moved ten later beams by resting them on the guardrails without clamps. The Commission held that the field-modification standard…

November 22, 2010
Mixed result
COMM

Sharon and Walter Construction Inc.

Willful fall and repeat training violations affirmed

Two workers installed a metal roof without fall protection, and one was injured in a fall. The Commission held that both workers were employees of Sharon and Walter Construction, despite the company's attempt to treat one as an independent contractor. It affirmed the fall-protection violation as…

November 18, 2010
Citations affirmed
ALJ

Deer Park Roofing, Inc.

Fall citation vacated for supervisory misconduct

A Deer Park Roofing foreman worked near the edge of a low-slope canopy roof without fall protection, about 12 feet 8 inches above the lower level. The judge found that the standard applied, the foreman was exposed, and no permitted fall-protection method was in use. Deer Park nevertheless proved…

October 28, 2010 ·Stephen J. Simko, Jr.
Citations vacated
ALJ

Fresenius USA Manufacturing, Inc. d/b/a TruBlu Logistics

Medical-availability and cable items vacated

OSHA inspected a Fresenius distribution warehouse after an employee reported an electric shock while disconnecting a forklift battery. The judge vacated the allegation that medical personnel were not readily available, finding that the cited rule did not require contact within a fixed time and that…

October 28, 2010 ·Ken S. Welsch
Mixed result
COMM

Dayton Tire, Bridgestone/Firestone

Ninety-nine willful lockout violations affirmed

OSHA cited Dayton Tire after a fatal machine accident at its Oklahoma City tire plant, alleging widespread failures under the lockout and tagout standard. The Commission rejected Dayton's vagueness, applicability, minor-servicing, and infeasibility arguments. It also held that separate violations…

September 10, 2010
Mixed result
COMM

Summit Contractors Inc.

Multi-employer electrical citation affirmed

Summit Contractors supplied a generator and spider box without ground-fault circuit interrupter protection for subcontractor employees at an apartment construction project. The Commission overruled its earlier Summit decision and restored its precedent allowing citations to controlling and creating…

August 19, 2010
Citations affirmed
ALJ

ASM-Sanders, Inc.

Trench violations affirmed and pipe-testing item vacated

A subcontractor's worker was killed when a PVC pipe exploded during compressed-air leak testing at an Air Force base construction project. The judge vacated the general duty clause item because ASM-Sanders' superintendent had explicitly delayed testing until the next day and did not know the…

August 16, 2010 ·Stephen J. Simko, Jr.
Mixed result

What these documents are

  • Commission decisions: Rulings by the Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission itself, the highest level of agency review. These are citable as Commission precedent, though a decision may have been appealed to a U.S. Court of Appeals after issuance.
  • ALJ decisions: Rulings by OSHRC Administrative Law Judges after a hearing. When no Commissioner directs review, an ALJ decision becomes a final order under 29 U.S.C. § 661(j): it binds the parties in that case but is not binding precedent in other cases.
  • Why finality matters: Every page here says which kind of decision you are reading, so you know whether it is precedent you can cite or a final order that only shows how one judge ruled on one set of facts.
  • Where they come from: Every page links the official OSHRC public release, and the full text on the page is that release. The plain-English summaries are written by Ezel.