Case Citator › The Dartmouth Review, on Behalf of Its Officers, Staff and Subscribers v. Dartmouth College

The Dartmouth Review, on Behalf of Its Officers, Staff and Subscribers v. Dartmouth College

Is it still good law? What later courts have actually done to this case.

Overruled in part
Court
First Circuit
Citation
889 F.2d 13
Decided
Confirmed treatments
2
Flagged citations read
46 of 46
Citing cases (total)
46
Treatment dates
2001–2004

Status

Overruled in part
A reviewed court has overruled part of this case’s holding. The Dartmouth Review's heightened pleading rule for civil-rights claims was overruled in part by Educadores Puertorriqueños en Acción v. Hernández. Its standards for comparing people who claim discrimination continued to be applied.
More on how this was screened

All 46 flagged citations were read; the 2 confirmed treatments are listed below.

Every treatment on this page is written from the citing opinion itself, with a verbatim quote, never copied from a commercial citator. A citation flagged by our screen but not shown here was read and found not to weaken this case.

46 later cases cite The Dartmouth Review, on Behalf of Its Officers, Staff and Subscribers v. Dartmouth College; 46 of those citations sat close to treatment language and were flagged for reading, and all of them have been read. Citations that did not sit near treatment language were not flagged and were not read one by one, so a court that weakened this case without using any of that language would not appear here.

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Treatments

Overruled in part

  • The First Circuit overruled Dartmouth Review's heightened pleading requirement for civil-rights actions and held that ordinary notice pleading applies.

    Educadores Puertorriqueños en Acción v. Hernández · First Circuit · filed

    Consequently, we traditionally have held plaintiffs alleging-civil rights violations to something more stringent than mere notice pleading. See, e.g., Boston & Me. *64Corp. v. Town of Hampton, 987 F.2d 855, 866 (1st Cir.1993) (“[A] heightened requirement of specificity is well established for ... allegations of civil rights violations.”); Dartmouth Review v. Dartmouth Coll., 889 F.2d 13, 16-17 (1st Cir.1989) (“[T]he key question is whether plaintiffs assembled specific facts adequate to show or raise a plausible inference that they were subjected to race-based discrimination.” (emphasis supplied)). ... Because neither the Civil Rules nor any applicable statute authorizes the imposition of a heightened pleading standard for civil rights actions, we disclaim our earlier practice and overrule the decisions authorizing it. ... All civil rights actions are subject to Rule 8(a)’s notice pleading regime. To the extent that preexisting circuit precedent contradicts this holding, we regard that precedent as abrogated by recent Supreme Court case law.
    Read the full opinion on CourtListener →

Declined to follow

  • A Maine district court declined to impose Dartmouth Review's heightened pleading rule on statutory civil-rights claims against a private college.

    Goodman v. President and Trustees of Bowdoin College · District of Maine · filed

    Defendants rely on Dartmouth Review, a case involving §§ 1981 and 2000d claims in which the Court of Appeals for the First Circuit indicated that the mandate to “eschew reliance ... on unsupported conclusions,” ... The Court’s decision not to impose a heightened pleading standard on Plaintiff leaves it to evaluate Plaintiffs Amended Complaint under the generous pleading requirements of Rule 8(a)(2).
    Read the full opinion on CourtListener →

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