Statute Annotations › Arkansas › Ark. Code Ann. § 7-9-107

Ark. Code Ann. § 7-9-107

Attorney General review of ballot titles and popular names: the cases that interpreted this section

Jurisdiction
Arkansas
Case notes
6
Cited in passing
11
Citing cases indexed
25
Case dates
1988–2024
Screened through
2024-10-21
Courts' treatment: partly invalid
A reviewed case holds part of this section invalid or unenforceable. Finn v. McCuen (1990-10-26) held subsections (e)(B)(i) and (ii) unconstitutional because they purported to authorize review of a Secretary of State decision on the ballot-title portion before certification of the complete petition.
This reflects what the reviewed cases said, not legislative action: a later amendment or repeal by the legislature would not appear here unless a reviewed case discussed it.

17 citing cases reviewed of 25 in the citation index: 6 interpreted the section (annotated below), 11 cited it only in passing. Cases filed after 2024-10-21 may not have been reviewed yet.

Have a situation under Ark. Code Ann. § 7-9-107?

These notes show how courts have ruled. Ask about your specific facts and see which of these rulings apply, with citations you can check.

Attorney General approval of ballot title and popular name

Section 7-9-107 requires sponsors of a proposed constitutional amendment to submit its popular name and ballot title to the Attorney General for approval.

Ferstl v. McCuen · filed 1988-10-12

The sponsors of the amendment have complied with Ark. Code Ann. § 7-9-107 (1987) by submitting both the proposed popular name and ballot title to the Attorney General for approval. Although Amendment 7 itself does not require such approval, Amendment 7 does state that laws may be enacted to facilitate its operation. The above statute was enacted pursuant to this authority. There is no allegation that the statute is unconstitutional. It is therefore presumed valid.
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Ballot title—Purpose and sufficiency

Section 7-9-107 requires a ballot title to briefly and concisely state the purpose of the proposed measure.

Gaines v. McCuen · filed 1988-10-12

Ark. Code Ann. § 7-9-107, the only statutory law concerning sufficiency of ballot titles, provides that the ballot title “shall briefly and concisely state the purpose of the proposed measure.”
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Constitutionality of early ballot-title review

Section 7-9-107(e)'s early ballot-title review procedure is unconstitutional because the court may review an initiative petition only after certification of both its ballot title and signatures.

Finn v. McCuen · filed 1990-10-26(e)(1)(B)(i)-(ii)

We hold that § 7-9-107(e)(B)(i) and (ii) are unconstitutional because they purport to permit this court to review a decision of the secretary of state with respect to the ballot title portion of a petition, and the only authority given this court by Amendment 7 is the authority to review the secretary of state’s certification of a “petition” which includes both the ballot title and the signatures.
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Submission of original draft to Attorney General

Before an initiative petition is circulated for signatures, its sponsors must submit the original draft, proposed legislative or ballot title, and popular name to the Attorney General; an immaterial editorial deletion from the draft did not invalidate circulation.

Porter v. McCuen · filed 1992-10-09(a)

Petitioners maintain the petitions should not have been circulated for signatures when the text of the proposal differed from the draft submitted to the Attorney General for approval and the Attorney General failed to include any reference to this paragraph in the ballot title. They contend'that when § 7-9-107 and § 7-9-106(a) are read together, the law does not permit a sponsor to submit one version to the Attorney General and a different version to the public. ... We might agree if there were any materiality to the deleted segment. But we find none. It is an unnumbered, parenthetical aside in the nature of an editorial comment. It does not legislate or affect the proposed measure one way or the other. It is a mere appendage tacked on after the repealing clause which, from all appearances, was not intended to be any part of the measure. Indeed, that is how the Attorney General saw it and simply ignored it when revising and approving the ballot title. We regard it as nothing more than a projection of what might be generated in the way of increased revenues and should never have been included in the first place.
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Section 7-9-107(a) requires sponsors to submit the measure to the Attorney General before circulating it for signatures, but it does not require them to wait for the Attorney General's approval before gathering signatures.

Conrad Reynolds And Arkansas Voter Integrity Initiative, Inc., Individually and on Behalf of Restore Election Integrity · filed 2024-05-30(a)

But that’s not how the statute reads. The statute does not hinder petitioners’ ability to gather signatures. It requires only that the measure be submitted to the Attorney General first: “Before any initiative petition or referendum petition ordering a vote upon any amendment or act shall be circulated for obtaining signatures of petitioners, the sponsors shall submit the original draft with the Attorney General.” Ark. Code Ann. § 7-9-107(a) (emphasis added). Petitioners admit they have submitted the original drafts to the Attorney General. Whether they wait for the Attorney General’s approval on their submitted language is for them to decide. Whether they find it helpful is up to them.
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Section 7-9-107(b) gives the Attorney General discretion to approve and certify the sponsors’ proposed ballot title and popular name or to substitute and certify a more suitable and correct one that briefly and concisely states the measure’s purpose.

Hoyle v. Priest · filed 1999-07-30(b)

The initiative process created by the State of Arkansas has not reserved to initiative sponsors the right to have their proposed popular name and ballot title certified for placement on the initiative petition. Instead, the applicable law provides that the sponsors shall submit a proposed ballot title and popular name to the Attorney General for review. “The Attorney General shall, within ten (10) days, approve and certify or shall substitute and certify a more suitable and correct ballot title and popular name for [the] amendment or act. The ballot title so submitted or supplied by the Attorney General shall briefly and concisely state the purpose of the proposed measure.” Ark.Code Ann. § 7-9-107(b)(Repl.l993). Clearly, the Attorney General has discretion to substitute and certify a popular name and ballot title that in his best judgment meets the stated requirements.
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11 more cases cited this section only in passing

These cases mention the section without interpreting it (a string cite, a footnote, background). Listed so you can see the full citation record, not just the annotated rulings.

Bailey v. McCuen, the court cites § 7-9-107(b) only as a general reason that ballot titles should be brief and concise while deciding whether this particular ballot title was misleading. It does not interpret or apply the statute to resolve a claim under it. opinion →
Christian Civic Action Committee v. McCuen, the statute is cited only while recounting Fletcher's discussion of Attorney General review and presumptions about ballot-title approval; this dissent does not independently interpret or apply Ark. Code Ann. § 7-9-107. opinion →
FAIRNESS & ACCT. IN INS. REFORM v. Greene, the statute appears only in a dissenting footnote listing other states' ballot-measure procedures; the court did not interpret, apply, or decide anything about § 7-9-107(b). opinion →
Stilley v. Priest, the opinion does not decide the meaning, requirements, coverage, or application of § 7-9-107(e). It merely reports the prior Finn decision’s treatment of the statute while dismissing the present action on procedural grounds. opinion →
Stilley v. Priest, the majority recounts what the predecessor statute provided and invokes Washburn's treatment of it only as an analogy supporting Act 877's constitutionality. The court did not decide the meaning, requirements, or application of § 7-9-107 in this case. opinion →
Walker v. Priest, the statute is cited only as general support for the importance of preparing a concise ballot title. The court did not interpret or apply § 7-9-107; its ruling addressed the ballot title under Amendment 7 and related ballot-title standards. opinion →
Hoyle v. Priest, the court cites § 7-9-107 only to describe the initiative process and the procedural history of the Attorney General's ballot-title review. It does not construe or decide the statute's meaning, requirements, coverage, or application; the relevant due-process challenge was dismissed as moot after a later statutory change. opinion →
No. 99-3473, the court cites § 7-9-107(a) only to describe the initiative process in the background. It does not interpret or decide what the subsection requires; the appeal instead concerns constitutional claims and was resolved on mootness and related grounds. opinion →
Kinchen v. Wilkins, the statute is mentioned only in a dissenting footnote as a passing comparison concerning Attorney General approval; the opinion does not decide what § 7-9-107 means, requires, or how it applies. opinion →
Woodrome v. Daniels, the opinion cites § 7-9-107 only to describe the Attorney General’s review and certification of the initiative’s popular name and ballot title in the procedural history. The court decides standing and the operation of §§ 7-9-503 and 7-9-505, not the meaning or application of § 7-9-107. opinion →
Bill Paschall, Individually and on Behalf of Arkansans for Patient Access, a Ballot Question Committee v. John Thurston,, the statute is mentioned only in a dissenting footnote to support the dissent's argument about the Attorney General's authority; the majority did not construe or adopt that proposition. opinion →

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