Federal agency decisions, searchable in plain English.

Workplace-safety cases from the Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission (OSHRC) and mine-safety cases from the Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission (FMSHRC), each with a plain-English summary, the standards it cites, and whether it counts as precedent. More agencies are coming.

5,753 decisions and counting · Latest decision July 17, 2026
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COMM

AMR Services Company

Airport ground-services settlement approved

AMR Services provided aircraft ground support at Atlanta's airport, where a wingwalker wearing dark clothing was struck and killed by an AMR fuel truck during nighttime operations. OSHA cited AMR for not providing reflective clothing. The judge vacated the citation, finding that the FAA's exercise…

July 24, 1992
Settled
COMM

Trinity Industries, Inc.

Forklift-training item vacated for insufficient proof

Trinity used five forklifts at its San Antonio steel-fabrication plant, operated by employees with 15 to 30 years of experience. OSHA alleged that Trinity had not devised adequate methods to train those operators. The record showed that management monitored operator proficiency and that a…

July 23, 1992
Citations vacated
COMM

Consolidated Rail Corporation

Interlocutory review granted on FRA preemption

OSHA cited Conrail after inspecting employees performing maintenance and repair work on a railroad bridge in Ohio. Conrail moved to dismiss, arguing that the Federal Railroad Administration had exercised authority over railroad-bridge safety and therefore preempted OSHA. The judge denied that…

July 22, 1992
Procedural
COMM

Vergona Crane Co., Inc.

Crane lessor liable for broken boom stop

Vergona Crane supplied a crane, operator, and oiler to a construction contractor under a bare-rental arrangement. The Commission treated Vergona and its closely related affiliate as a single entity and found that Vergona remained the workers' employer because it controlled how the crane was…

July 22, 1992
Citations affirmed
COMM

John Quinlan, t/a Quinlan Enterprises

Permanent-floor guardrail violation affirmed

Quinlan was the steel-erection subcontractor on a two-story building where employees worked near the edge of a permanent concrete second floor about 20 feet above the ground. A single wire rope ran around the perimeter at about 42 inches, but there was no midrail. Quinlan argued that the…

July 17, 1992
Citations affirmed
COMM

Metric Constructors, Inc.

Hoist item reclassified and rebar item withdrawn

Metric Constructors used a material hoist while building a six-floor hospital addition in Clearwater, Florida. The judge affirmed items involving long material protruding from the hoist, an unprotected ground-level hoist entrance, unenclosed unused sides of the hoist tower, and exposed reinforcing…

July 7, 1992
Settled
COMM

Georgetown Ironworks, Inc.

Citation against wrong employer withdrawn

A judge dismissed Georgetown Ironworks' notice of contest after the company failed to answer a show-cause order, which had the effect of affirming the citation and proposed penalties. The Secretary later received information showing that Georgetown Ironworks had no employees and no role at the…

June 18, 1992
Citations vacated
COMM

Economy Sod, Inc.

Overlooked response restores notice of contest

A judge dismissed Economy Sod's notice of contest after concluding that the company had not answered an order to show cause. Economy Sod petitioned for review and maintained that it had responded on time. The Commission's record confirmed that a timely response had been received but overlooked…

June 18, 1992
Remanded
COMM

Well Solutions, Inc.

Open-fields evidence reinstates rig-safety violations

An OSHA inspector first visited Well Solutions' oil-well rig without a warrant and observed unguarded platforms and employees without hard hats from an accessible road and field. The judge suppressed those observations and vacated the citations. The Commission held that the open-fields doctrine…

June 18, 1992
Mixed result
COMM

Alaska Trawl Fisheries, Inc.

OSHA jurisdiction over factory vessels affirmed

Alaska Trawl Fisheries and Golden Age Fisheries operated vessels that caught and processed fish near Dutch Harbor, Alaska. OSHA cited machine guarding, passageway, recordkeeping, welding-gas storage, and hazard-communication conditions aboard the vessels. The companies stipulated to the violations…

June 18, 1992
Citations affirmed
COMM

Baytown Construction Company, Inc.

Crane power-line clearance violation affirmed

Baytown employees used a truck crane to unload pipe near a 7,620-volt overhead power line. The crane cable and suspended pipe became energized, and an employee handling the pipe was electrocuted. Testimony about loud electrical discharges, burn damage to the cable, the crane's contact with the line…

June 18, 1992
Citations affirmed
COMM

Ed Taylor Construction Co.

Confined-space inspection-program violation affirmed

Taylor Construction employees entered a 24-foot-deep access shaft to close a valve for an artificial lake at an Atlanta office project. Three supervisory employees died after being overcome by an oxygen-deficient atmosphere during the initial entry and rescue attempts. Two related citation items…

June 18, 1992
Citations affirmed
COMM

A. E. Staley Mfg. Co.

Settlement affirmed over union participation objection

The Secretary and A. E. Staley Manufacturing reached a settlement that an administrative law judge approved. The authorized employee representative, Allied Industrial Workers Local 837, sought review and argued that it had been denied meaningful participation. The record showed that the union…

May 21, 1992
Settled
COMM

Loomis Cabinet Company

Cabinet workers held to be employees

Loomis Cabinet Company manufactured wooden cabinets and was cited after a follow-up inspection for repeat, other-than-serious, and failure-to-abate violations. Loomis stipulated to the violations but argued that its former employees had become partners in Eastview Cabinet Company, leaving Loomis…

May 20, 1992
Citations affirmed
COMM

Stone Portable Toilets

Dismissal conditionally affirmed pending proof of answer

An administrative law judge dismissed Stone Portable Toilets' notice of contest because the company had not filed an answer to the complaint or responded to an order to show cause. Owner Gary Stone told the Commission that he had filed the required answer, although the Commission's file contained…

May 14, 1992
Procedural
COMM

Broshear Contractors, Inc.

Trench expert evidence admitted on remand

Broshear Contractors was cited for failing to adequately slope or support a trench under 29 C.F.R. § 1926.652. At the hearing, the administrative law judge excluded parts of a geotechnical expert's testimony about a later re-excavation of the trench and excluded the expert's written report. The…

May 14, 1992
Remanded
COMM

Concrete Construction Company

Training affirmed and backfill violation reduced

Concrete Construction Company was cited after OSHA inspected two excavations beside a public road during a water-line project. The Commission rejected the company's inspection objections because the work was visible from a public area, the foreman consented to the inspection, and the company…

May 14, 1992
Mixed result
COMM

Sal Masonry Contractors, Inc.

Ladder item vacated and guardrail violation made willful

Sal Masonry Contractors was cited for ladder and scaffold violations during masonry work on an academic building at Cornell University. The Commission vacated the scaffold-access item because the testimony conflicted over whether a ladder was present and whether supervisors knew employees were…

May 7, 1992
Mixed result
COMM

Trinity Industries, Inc.

Noise and press items affirmed with other items vacated

Trinity Industries manufactured liquid propane gas cylinders at a Jacksonville, Florida facility and contested consolidated health and safety citations. The Commission declined to dismiss the cases over the Secretary's refusal to comply with discovery orders because Trinity had litigated the…

April 22, 1992
Mixed result
COMM

Industrial Glass

Heat-stress general-duty citation vacated

Industrial Glass manufactured bottles in a forming department where employees worked near molten glass and hot bottles. OSHA cited the company under the general duty clause for exposing employees to excessive heat stress. The Commission found that the Secretary's expert models did not accurately…

April 21, 1992
Citations vacated
COMM

Erie Coke Corporation

Employer had to pay for gloves but violation was de minimis

Erie Coke made flame-resistant gloves available to coke-oven employees but required them to buy the gloves from the company at cost. The Commission deferred to the Secretary's reasonable interpretation that the coke-oven emissions standard required the employer to provide and pay for the gloves. It…

April 10, 1992
Modified
COMM

Imageries

Default order upheld after repeated failures to respond

OSHA cited Imageries after an employee on a two-point suspension scaffold was not wearing a safety belt attached to a lifeline and after finding that the company lacked a written hazard communication program. The employee fell to his death, and the company president stated that the employee was his…

April 2, 1992
Citations affirmed
COMM

LaRosa & Lamar Janitorial Services

Default dismissal set aside over defective service

An OSHRC judge dismissed LaRosa & Lamar Janitorial Services' notice of contest after the company did not answer the Secretary's complaint or respond to a show-cause order. The Commission set the dismissal aside because the judge sent the show-cause order by certified mail without requesting a…

March 26, 1992
Remanded
COMM

Holman Steel Company

Default order set aside for settlement review

An OSHRC judge dismissed Holman Steel Company's notice of contest, affirmed a citation, and assessed a $1,500 penalty after the company did not respond to an order. The Secretary asked the Commission to review the default because the parties had executed a settlement agreement. Her petition stated…

March 23, 1992
Remanded
COMM

Quinn Machine & Tool, Inc.

Settlement approved after citations were vacated

An OSHRC judge vacated citations against Quinn Machine & Tool after the Secretary did not timely file either a complaint or a fully executed settlement agreement. The Secretary sought review, and the parties submitted the completed agreement they said had already been negotiated. The agreement…

March 18, 1992
Settled
COMM

Consolidated Edison Company of New York Inc.

Asbestos monitoring case settled for $1,600

Consolidated Edison employees removed asbestos-containing gasket material at the company's Indian Point station without initial exposure monitoring. An OSHRC judge found a repeated violation of the asbestos monitoring standard and assessed $1,000. The judge also affirmed without a penalty an…

March 18, 1992
Settled
COMM

Cornet Frosted Foods & Ice Cream Corporation

Settlement remanded to add omitted item

Cornet Frosted Foods & Ice Cream Corporation and the Secretary settled citations issued in October 1991. Their written agreement reduced the listed penalties from $7,000 to $3,000, required payment of that amount, and recorded the company's representation that the cited conditions had been abated…

March 16, 1992
Remanded
COMM

Tampa Shipyards, Inc.

Willful crane overload affirmed after fatal collapse

Tampa Shipyards used a tower crane to lift and swing a ship-deck section that workers believed weighed 33 tons while the boom was set for a 21-ton capacity. The crane collapsed during the lift and killed two employees. The Commission affirmed a willful general duty clause violation because…

March 10, 1992
Citations affirmed
COMM

Hackney, Inc.

Noise program items vacated but records violation affirmed

Hackney operated a pipe manufacturing plant where OSHA alleged willful violations of several occupational noise requirements. The Commission vacated the audiometric-testing and hearing-protector supervision items because OSHA did not reliably prove employee exposure at or above the required…

March 6, 1992
Mixed result
COMM

Price Chopper Supermarkets, A Golub Corporation Company

Injury log required at each store

Price Chopper kept separate OSHA injury and illness logs for its 76 supermarkets at a central office. Employees could request a store's log by telephone and receive it at home by mail or at the store by truck delivery within about 48 hours. The Commission held that this procedure did not satisfy…

February 21, 1992
Citations affirmed
COMM

Right-Gard Corporation

Pro se employer given hearing on default relief

An OSHRC judge dismissed Right-Gard Corporation's notice of contest and assessed $13,470 after the company did not answer the Secretary's complaint or retrieve and respond to a certified show-cause order. The Commission found that the required notice procedures had been followed and that postal…

February 20, 1992
Remanded
COMM

Trinity Industries Inc.

Machine and electrical case settled for $800

OSHA inspected two Trinity Industries railcar fabrication plants in Dallas and cited numerous machine guarding, crane, electrical, tool, fire extinguisher, sling, and hazard communication conditions. An OSHRC judge affirmed several serious and other-than-serious items and vacated others. During…

February 10, 1992
Settled
COMM

American Cyanamid Company

Label ruling narrowed but safety-data-sheet item affirmed

American Cyanamid manufactured resins and molding compounds for shipment to plastics-industry customers. OSHA alleged that several container labels lacked appropriate target-organ warnings and that material safety data sheets omitted short-term exposure limits. The Commission rejected OSHA's…

February 7, 1992
Mixed result
COMM

Tire Reclamation Services, Inc.

Parties allowed to revisit settlement after fire

Tire Reclamation Services agreed to settle OSHA citations for a total penalty of $450. After an OSHRC judge approved the agreement, the company's vice president reported that a fire had closed the business and left it without funds to pay. The Commission held that this changed circumstance did not…

February 6, 1992
Remanded
COMM

Trinity Industries, Inc.

Electrical penalty cut but four serious violations upheld

Trinity Industries manufactured chemical-processing tanks at its Sharonville, Ohio plant. The Commission upheld serious violations for failing to protect an employee walking on top of a tank from a nine-foot fall, leaving a compressed-gas cylinder without a valve cap, and allowing welding arcs to…

January 23, 1992
Modified
COMM

American Sterilizer Co.

Employees may designate monitoring observers

American Sterilizer monitored employees for noise and lead exposure at its Erie, Pennsylvania plant. It allowed monitored and other affected employees to observe the work and ask questions, but its policy barred union representatives acting in their official capacity from observing despite a…

January 22, 1992
Citations affirmed
COMM

All Phase Electric & Maintenance, Inc.

Construction citations settled for $865

All Phase Electric & Maintenance performed electrical work at a building construction site where OSHA cited hazard communication, gasoline-container, electrical guarding, and stair-railing conditions. The company president admitted the hazard communication deficiencies and stated that he had been…

January 17, 1992
Settled
COMM

Bay State Refining Company

Lead and copper citations affirmed

Bay State manufactured brass and bronze ingots from scrap metal at its Chicopee, Massachusetts foundry. OSHA found employees overexposed to copper dust and lead and cited deficiencies in engineering controls, respirator selection and fit testing, contaminated-clothing practices, medical…

January 17, 1992
Citations affirmed
COMM

F.M.C. Gold Company, Inc.

OSHA citations withdrawn because MSHA had jurisdiction

F.M.C. Gold used an independent drilling contractor to extract core samples at a remote gold exploration site in Idaho. A contractor's fuel truck rolled downhill and pinned an F.M.C. employee against the drill rig, causing fatal injuries. OSHA cited F.M.C. for failing to chock or turn vehicle…

December 20, 1991
Citations vacated
COMM

Wyman-Gordon Company

Access ordered to medical and workplace health records

The widows of two former Wyman-Gordon aircraft-parts employees authorized a law firm to request exposure records, medical records, and workplace health analyses concerning their late husbands. The Commission held that legal representatives of deceased employees could exercise record-access rights…

December 20, 1991
Mixed result
COMM

ARA Living Centers of Texas, Inc.

Chemical training required beyond labels and safety data sheets

ARA Living Centers operated Oak Manor Nursing Home, where employees used cleaning products containing phosphoric acid and ethyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride. The nursing home had product labels and material safety data sheets, but the OSHA inspector testified without contradiction that…

December 19, 1991
Mixed result
COMM

Jefferson Smurfit Corporation

Feeder-belt item vacated for lack of employee exposure

Jefferson Smurfit manufactured cardboard boxes using a straight-line gluer with exposed nip points on a product-feeding belt and on separate power-transmission belts. The Commission vacated the item concerning the feeder belt because OSHA did not prove that employees were exposed to a…

December 19, 1991
Mixed result
COMM

Carabetta Enterprises, Inc.

Willful steel-erection fall violation affirmed

Three Carabetta employees erected structural steel about 28 to 30 feet above the nearest floor without a temporary floor, safety net, or other fall protection. Carabetta argued that its three-story construction modules made an intermediate floor impracticable and that the standard unfairly treated…

December 18, 1991
Citations affirmed
COMM

Mosser Construction Company

Crane gear violation affirmed after storage-area exposure

A Mosser crane operator regularly entered a confined crane compartment containing moving gears, fuel gauges, tools, oils, and other stored materials. After completing lubrication work and restarting the gears, a rag and then his hand became entangled, severing his hand. The Commission held that the…

December 10, 1991
Modified
COMM

R & R Builders, Inc.

Safety-belt violation remains willful

R & R Builders was a drywall subcontractor cited for safety-program, training, safety-belt, guardrail, and ground-fault protection violations at a condominium project. The Commission affirmed the safety-program, training, safety-belt, and guardrail items, but reduced three of them from willful to a…

November 25, 1991
Modified
COMM

Thomas Lindstrom Company

Offsite safety data sheets were not readily accessible

Thomas Lindstrom Company was a structural steel erector whose foreman used oxygen and acetylene at a construction site. When OSHA requested the material safety data sheets for those chemicals, the foreman could not produce them because the sheets were kept at the company's central office, between…

November 20, 1991
Citations affirmed
COMM

Peavey Grain Company

Grain facility needed an effective alarm

Peavey Grain operated a grain-handling facility where a temporary employee suffocated after becoming buried in grain inside a storage building. OSHA cited Peavey's emergency action plan because it lacked provisions for rescue and medical duties and did not provide an employee alarm system. The…

November 20, 1991
Citations affirmed
COMM

CF & I Steel Corporation

Willfulness and penalty remanded

CF & I Steel was found to have violated the coke-oven-emissions respiratory protection standard after appellate courts upheld the Secretary of Labor's interpretation of the rule. The Tenth Circuit returned the case to the Commission because the remaining questions were whether the violation was…

November 20, 1991
Remanded
COMM

Dover Elevator Company

Unsecured oxygen cylinder did not meet the carrying exception

Dover Elevator left an oxygen cylinder unsecured for 15 to 30 minutes near an elevator shaft while employees tried to repair a hoist. The Commission rejected OSHA's view that a cylinder must be secured whenever it is not physically moving, recognizing that brief, necessary pauses during carrying…

November 19, 1991
Modified
COMM

Bally's Park Place Hotel & Casino

Work-product protection covered consultant test records

Bally's commissioned an outside consultant to test iodine emissions from a casino glass-washing machine after OSHA raised employee exposure concerns. The company's general counsel requested the testing in anticipation of litigation, and Bally's refused to give the resulting records to OSHA or an…

November 7, 1991
Citations vacated
COMM

Mt. Adams Furniture Co.

Tribal enterprise remained subject to OSHA

Mt. Adams Furniture was an enterprise of the Yakima Indian tribe located on the Yakima reservation. An administrative law judge dismissed OSHA's citations because he concluded that applying the Occupational Safety and Health Act would interfere with treaty rights allowing the tribe to exclude…

November 6, 1991
Remanded
COMM

Ceco Corporation

General-duty citation withdrawn in settlement

Ceco Corporation was a concrete formwork contractor cited after OSHA inspected a parking-garage construction project. The item before the Commission alleged a serious general-duty-clause violation because employees rode forklift tines to reach an 11-foot scaffold. The parties entered a full…

November 4, 1991
Settled
COMM

PPG Industries, Inc.

Omitted settlement item affirmed at $200

PPG Industries and the Secretary previously settled numerous serious, willful, and other-than-serious citation items. After the settlement became final, the parties discovered that serious citation item 13 had been omitted from the written agreement. They jointly stated that the item was supposed…

October 18, 1991
Modified
COMM

Super Excavators, Inc.

Offsite hazard documents led to a de minimis notice and a $60 violation

Super Excavators had an effective written hazard-communication program, but kept the written program and material safety data sheets at its main office rather than at a sewer-construction worksite 22 miles away. The Commission converted the written-program item to a de minimis notice because the…

October 18, 1991
Modified
COMM

Consolidated Freightways Corp.

Corrosive-dye PPE violation was serious

Consolidated Freightways employees handled and cleaned up a leaking drum of corrosive powdered dye without suitable personal protective equipment. Supervisors knew about the spill but left untrained workers to decide what protection to use, and the company's safety guides were not adequately…

October 17, 1991
Modified
COMM

Allen's Casing Crews, Inc.

Lanyard item remanded for review of the correct evidence

OSHA inspected Allen's Casing Crews after an employee fell from an oil-drilling rig and died. One citation item concerned a lanyard used later by a replacement crew member whose snap-hook spring was missing, while a separate item concerned the longer lanyard used by the employee who fell. The judge…

October 8, 1991
Remanded
COMM

All Phase Electric & Maintenance, Inc.

Informal-conference request did not contest citations

OSHA cited All Phase Electric for two serious electrical violations and one other-than-serious posting violation, with $240 in proposed penalties. The company received the citations on December 18, 1989, but did not submit a written notice of contest within the 15-working-day period ending January…

October 4, 1991
Procedural
COMM

Phillips 66 Company

Union abatement objections required settlement remand

After an explosion and fire at a Phillips 66 petrochemical facility, OSHA alleged 566 willful general-duty-clause violations and proposed more than $5.6 million in penalties. A proposed settlement removed the willful classification, set a $4 million payment, and extended abatement schedules across…

September 25, 1991
Remanded
COMM

Miami Industries, Inc.

OSHA approval estopped stricter machine-guarding enforcement

Miami Industries used hinged barrier guards around tube-mill rollers after an OSHA compliance officer approved the design following an earlier citation. OSHA also used Miami's blueprints as a model for other employers and conducted later inspections for almost ten years without citing the guards…

September 13, 1991
Modified
COMM

Asbestos Abatement Consultation and Engineering

Timely EAJA application could be amended

Asbestos Abatement Consultation and Engineering prevailed after the Secretary withdrew the remaining asbestos citation items and then sought $4,207.34 in attorney fees and costs under the Equal Access to Justice Act. The Commission held that the 30-day application period began when its underlying…

September 11, 1991
Procedural

What these documents are

  • Commission decisions: Rulings by the Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission itself, the highest level of agency review. These are citable as Commission precedent, though a decision may have been appealed to a U.S. Court of Appeals after issuance.
  • ALJ decisions: Rulings by OSHRC Administrative Law Judges after a hearing. When no Commissioner directs review, an ALJ decision becomes a final order under 29 U.S.C. § 661(j): it binds the parties in that case but is not binding precedent in other cases.
  • Why finality matters: Every page here says which kind of decision you are reading, so you know whether it is precedent you can cite or a final order that only shows how one judge ruled on one set of facts.
  • Where they come from: Every page links the official OSHRC public release, and the full text on the page is that release. The plain-English summaries are written by Ezel.