Federal Agency Decisions
Federal workers' compensation appeals from the Department of Labor's Employees' Compensation Appeals Board (ECAB), federal-sector labor-relations cases from the Federal Labor Relations Authority (FLRA), mine-safety cases from the Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission (FMSHRC), workplace-safety cases from the Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission (OSHRC), Longshore Act and Black Lung Benefits Act appeals from the Department of Labor's Benefits Review Board (BRB), precedent decisions of the Board of Immigration Appeals (BIA), environmental permit and penalty appeals from the EPA's Environmental Appeals Board (EAB), and whistleblower and other labor appeals from the Department of Labor's Administrative Review Board (ARB), each with a plain-English summary, the law it cites, and whether it counts as precedent. More agencies are coming.
No decisions match these filters
Try fewer or different words, check the spelling, or clear the filters to browse everything.
J.C. and Department of the Navy, Puget Sound Naval Shipyard, Bremerton, WA
Board orders referee evaluation of leg impairment (ECAB 17-0711)
J.C. sought a larger award than the three percent impairment OWCP had assigned to each leg. His physician rated eight percent in each leg, while OWCP’s adviser rated only one nerve root and found three percent. The Board found an unresolved medical conflict over the nerve roots and rating method…
C.T. and U.S. Postal Service, Post Office, Portland, OR
Board orders new review of left thumb injury (ECAB 17-0593)
C.T. injured her left thumb when it was caught between a bar and a mail tray. Her physician linked the event to worsening of a degenerative thumb condition, though the reports were not fully reasoned. The Board found that the reports strongly supported a work connection and were not contradicted by…
E.H. and U.S. Postal Service, Post Office, Aberdeen, MD
Board upholds termination of wage-loss benefits (ECAB 17-0525)
E.H. challenged termination of wage-loss compensation following an accepted 2015 injury. The Board found that an impartial medical examination supported OWCP’s finding that she could work. Her later treating reports and diagnostic studies did not establish continued disability caused by the…
M.O. and U.S. Postal Service, Post Office, Pittsburgh, PA
Board upholds 34 percent right leg award (ECAB 17-0096)
M.O. sought an increase beyond the 34 percent right leg impairment already awarded. An independent medical specialist had resolved an earlier conflict about his knee rating. Dr. Platto later repeated a 59 percent rating without new objective findings. The Board found that this did not overcome the…
T.H. and Department of the Navy, Naval Base Kitsap, Keyport, WA
Board orders merit review of hearing loss claim (ECAB 16-0800)
T.H. asked OWCP to reconsider termination of benefits after he declined a security clerk position. A new audiologist letter, countersigned by a physician, said he should avoid hazardous workplace noise. The Board found that this evidence was relevant to whether the offered job was suitable. It…
Sport Air Traffic Controllers Organization (Union) and United States Department of the Air Force, Edwards Air Force Base, California (Agency)
Sport Air Traffic Controllers Organization and Edwards Air Force Base (FLRA 0-AR-5225): Medical-test ruling stands
An arbitrator found that Edwards Air Force Base did not have to reimburse an air traffic controller for medical tests needed to maintain Federal Aviation Administration certification. The Authority had already upheld that award, finding that the FAA ordered the tests and that keeping a job was a…
Nevarez v. Werner Enterprises
Truck driver appeal dismissed as late
An administrative law judge denied Juan Nevarez's truck driver whistleblower complaint on October 12, 2017. Nevarez filed his petition for Board review on October 29, three days after the 14 day deadline. His lawyer said the decision arrived later than usual and that other work prevented a timely…
C.H. and Department of Homeland Security, Federal Air Marshal Service, Chicago, IL
Board orders merit review of arm impairment claim (ECAB 17-1065)
C.H. sought reconsideration of a 12 percent right arm award. His physician submitted a new explanation of why median nerve impairment should be included along with accepted radial nerve impairment. The Board found that the report directly addressed the reason OWCP had excluded the additional…
J.S. and U.S. Postal Service, Post Office, Vineland, NJ
Board reverses termination without new notice (ECAB 17-0937)
J.S. had her injury benefits reinstated after a prior termination was reversed. OWCP later obtained an impartial medical report and ended the benefits again without a new proposed-termination notice. The Board held that she was entitled to notice and an opportunity to respond while receiving…
R.T. and Department of the Interior, National Park Service, Deer Lodge, MT
Board orders new impartial review of chemical exposure claim (ECAB 17-0925)
R.T. claimed an occupational disease after chemical exposure during National Park Service work. The impartial specialist rejected causation but mainly criticized other doctors and did not explain his own conclusion using case-specific findings. The Board found that his opinion did not resolve the…
B.B. and U.S. Postal Service, Post Office, City of Industry, CA
Board upholds two refusals to reopen back claim (ECAB 17-0769)
B.B. sought reconsideration of a denied claim involving back conditions. Her physician repeated earlier arguments about work causation and submitted work-status forms that did not address the disputed causal link. The Board found that the later submissions were cumulative or irrelevant to that…
R.J. and Department of Labor, Mine Safety & Health Administration, Belcher, KY
Board upholds refusal to reopen hearing loss claim (ECAB 17-0674)
R.J. sought a larger hearing loss schedule award and submitted new audiograms. The Board found that none was certified by a physician, so they were not relevant medical evidence for calculating a schedule award. His other statements did not identify a legal error or new argument. It affirmed OWCP’s…
M.J. and U.S. Postal Service, Post Office, Jacksonville, FL
Board orders partial waiver review of $74,956.32 overpayment (ECAB 17-0661)
M.J. received Social Security retirement benefits while also receiving federal injury compensation. The Board upheld the $74,956.32 overpayment. It found her at fault for periods covered by forms that incorrectly denied the retirement benefits, but found no fault for other periods when she…
M.B. and U.S. Postal Service, Processing & Distribution Facility, Anaheim, CA
Board upholds refusals to reopen injury claim (ECAB 16-1681)
M.B. sought reconsideration after OWCP terminated medical benefits for a temporary aggravation of osteoarthritis in both lower legs. Her physician disputed the impartial examiner and described other conditions, but repeated earlier arguments and did not explain their connection to the accepted…
C.F. and U.S. Postal Service, Post Office, Tuscaloosa, AL
Board upholds refusal to reopen assault claim (ECAB 17-1611)
C.F. asked OWCP to revisit a denied claim that a supervisor assaulted her at work. She relied on an investigative memorandum OWCP had already reviewed and argued that medical evidence showed injury. The Board found the memorandum repetitive and the medical argument irrelevant to the disputed fact…
L.B. and Department of Veterans Affairs, Veterans Administration Medical Center, Jacksonville, MS
Board upholds late reconsideration denial (ECAB 17-1518)
L.B. requested reconsideration more than one year after the last merit decision. She submitted photographs and a description of her work area, but OWCP had already accepted the work factors. The unresolved issue was medical causation, which those materials did not address. The Board found no clear…
B.S. and Department of Veterans Affairs, Southern Arizona Veterans Administration Healthcare System, Tucson, AZ
Board upholds termination of injury benefits (ECAB 17-1386)
B.S. received benefits after an accepted work injury involving head and nose contusions and postconcussive syndrome. A second opinion examiner found no objective remaining injury effects, and her treating doctor agreed the case could be closed. The Board found those opinions sufficient to show no…
E.C. and U.S. Postal Service, Post Office, Houston, TX
Board upholds late reconsideration denial (ECAB 17-1229)
E.C. sought to reopen a 2013 termination of injury benefits after the ordinary reconsideration period had passed. He cited contacts with investigators and a separate federal employment appeal, but the Board found that these materials did not clearly show an error in OWCP’s medical decision. It…
K.G. and Department of Veterans Affairs, James A. Haley Veterans Hospital, Tampa, FL
Board orders impartial leg impairment rating (ECAB 17-0797)
K.G. sought a schedule award for impairment in both legs after accepted back and other injuries. His treating doctor rated bilateral L5 impairment and right-sided S1 impairment, while OWCP’s examiner found only right S1 impairment. The Board found a conflict over the extent of leg impairment. It…
V.H. and U.S. Postal Service, Post Office, Redmond, WA
Board orders new medical opinion on emotional condition (ECAB 17-0439)
V.H. alleged an emotional condition after a supervisor told her to make inaccurate postal records. The Board had already accepted several of those instructions as work factors. OWCP’s examiner questioned those accepted facts and treated outside stressors as excluding work causation. The Board found…
S.A. and Department of Justice, Bureau of Prisons, Victorville, CA
Board upholds wage-earning capacity adjustment (ECAB 16-1487)
S.A. disputed an adjustment based on his ability to work as a general merchandise salesperson. The Board found that the job’s physical demands fit the work restrictions supported by the medical evidence. It also found insufficient evidence that a psychological condition related to or predating his…
S.R. and Department of the Army, Reserves Command, Fort McCoy, WI
Board upholds denial of lung impairment award (ECAB 17-1512)
S.R. sought a schedule award for accepted mild chronic obstructive pulmonary disease after asbestos exposure. The Board found that his medical reports did not identify a date of maximum medical improvement or calculate a permanent lung impairment under the required rating guides. It affirmed the…
M.N. and U.S. Postal Service, Post Office, Melville, NY
Board orders waiver review of $3,582 overpayment (ECAB 17-0764)
M.N. received two compensation checks during a period when a reimbursement surplus made her ineligible for payment. The Board upheld the $3,582 overpayment. It found that she and her lawyer had asked OWCP whether the checks could be kept and were told they could, so she was not at fault for…
L.W. and U.S. Postal Service, Main Post Office, Homer, LA
Board upholds late reconsideration denial (ECAB 17-0744)
L.W. sought to revisit a denied recurrence of disability after the ordinary filing period. He submitted older medical reports and information about unavailable light duty, but none clearly showed error in the ruling on disability beginning January 31, 2010. The Board applied the strict standard for…
D.L. and Department of the Air Force, Headquarters, Tinker Air Force Base, OK
Board orders complete record for occupational disease claim (ECAB 17-0445)
D.L. claimed a respiratory occupational disease from workplace exposures. OWCP relied on material from an earlier claim file when denying her new claim, but did not put that material into the record under review. The Board could not assess the factual and medical conclusions without it. It ordered…
B.K. and U.S. Postal Service, Hughes Station, Fresno, CA
Board narrows forfeiture periods and orders overpayment calculation (ECAB 17-0406)
B.K. did not report farming work on required injury-compensation forms. The Board upheld forfeiture for March 5, 2000 to April 3, 2006 and January 10, 2007 to August 7, 2010, and found him at fault for the resulting overpayment. It did not sustain the longer forfeiture period used by OWCP. It…
A.K. and Department of the Interior, National Park Service, Olympic National Park, Port Angeles, WA
Board upholds reduction of wage-loss compensation to zero (ECAB 16-1919)
A.K. challenged OWCP’s finding that he could resume his maintenance mechanic job after an accepted back injury. A second opinion physician found the work-related sprain resolved and the accepted lumbosacral spondylosis back at baseline. The Board found that opinion more persuasive than reports…
S.M. and U.S. Postal Service, Post Office, Elkhart, IN
Board finds carrier back on duty route after detour (ECAB 16-0875)
S.M. was in a vehicle accident while returning from mail deliveries after a personal detour. The Board found that the detour had ended and she had resumed the normal route to the post office when the accident occurred. It held that the incident was within the performance of duty. It sent the claim…
Secretary of Labor obo Louis Silva, Jr. v. Aggregate Industries WRC, Inc.
Cell-phone spoliation sanctions denied
Aggregate Industries sought sanctions after Louis Silva returned a company cell phone that had been reset to factory settings and no longer contained user data. The company requested dismissal, an adverse inference, limits on Silva's testimony, and reimbursement of its fees and costs. Silva stated…
J.H. and U.S. Postal Service, Post Office, Houston, TX
Board upholds denial of shoulder condition recurrence (ECAB 17-1456)
J.H. sought renewed medical care for shoulder problems after an accepted 2001 injury. An older doctor report did not establish her condition when recurrence was claimed, and a later report diagnosed osteoarthritis without linking it to the accepted shoulder injury. The Board found no reasoned…
J.N. and Department of State, U.S. Embassy, Kabul, Afghanistan
Board orders findings on embassy worker injury claim (ECAB 17-1408)
J.N. claimed a left knee injury while working at the U.S. Embassy in Kabul. OWCP denied the claim without adequately deciding whether he was a federal employee or addressing the work activity and travel status relevant to the injury. The Board found that the decision lacked required factual…
M.H. and Department of Veterans Affairs, Butler Veterans Administration Medical Center, Butler, PA
Board establishes work incident and sends injury question back (ECAB 17-1329)
M.H. reported hurting her back while pulling a patient toward the bed during nursing work on November 21, 2016. The Board found that the work incident occurred and directed OWCP to evaluate the medical evidence and issue a new decision on injury and disability. Its analysis says the denial would be…
E.V. and Department of Homeland Security, U.S. Coast Guard, Buzzards Bay, MA
Board splits fault finding on $4,545.48 overpayment (ECAB 17-1328)
E.V. kept receiving injury compensation after returning to work on January 23, 2017. The Board upheld the $4,545.48 overpayment and denial of a prerecoupment hearing. It found that he lacked sufficient notice to know the first direct deposit was partly wrong, but should have recognized the error by…
T.R. and Federal Judiciary, U.S. Probation, Buffalo, NY
Board upholds lumbar condition claim denial (ECAB 17-0840)
T.R. claimed lumbar conditions after a September 5, 2014 employment incident. The Board found that her physicians diagnosed conditions but did not explain how the incident caused them. Physical therapy and diagnostic reports did not supply a qualified causation opinion. It affirmed the denial.
T.S. and Department of the Army, Aviation & Missile Command, Corpus Christi, TX
Board upholds occupational disease denial (ECAB 17-0779)
T.S. alleged that repetitive aircraft repair duties caused carpal tunnel syndrome; he also had a previously accepted neck injury. The Board found that the medical reports supplied diagnoses and work restrictions but no reasoned explanation linking them to accepted work factors. Diagnostic studies…
Y.A. and Department of Agriculture, U.S. Forest Service, Rio Grande National Forest, CO
Board orders new review of hip surgery disability period (ECAB 17-0551)
Y.A. claimed total disability from November 26, 2012 to October 21, 2013 after an accepted acetabular fracture led to arthritis and hip replacement. Her doctor’s later report did not fully explain disability across the entire period. The Board found that the record nevertheless supported further…
G.C. and Department of Health & Human Services, Social Security Administration, Kennewick, WA
Board upholds termination of arm injury benefits (ECAB 17-0062)
G.C. challenged termination of benefits for accepted bilateral carpal and cubital tunnel conditions and medial epicondylitis. The Board found that OWCP’s medical evidence showed no remaining work-related disability or residuals. Her later doctors did not explain continuing disability despite normal…
James E. Rathburn v. The Belt Railway Company of Chicago
Rathburn v. The Belt Railway Company of Chicago (DOL ARB 2016-0036): Railroad retaliation dismissal affirmed
James Rathburn, a railroad carman, reported a workplace injury and sought medical treatment after an altercation with a coworker. Belt Railway fired both employees after finding that Rathburn had improperly released the coworker's track safety protection and that both had violated its workplace…
Lindell and April Beatty v. Celadon Trucking Services, Inc.
Beatty v. Celadon Trucking (DOL ARB 2015-0085): Fatigue retaliation ruling upheld
Lindell and April Beatty, team truck drivers, reported fatigue and declined assignments they said they could not safely drive. Celadon placed medical holds on them, issued or threatened disciplinary reports, and did not rehire them after they resigned. An administrative law judge found retaliation…
W.M. and Department of the Navy, Navy Installations Command, Meridian, MS
Board upholds refusal to reopen foot injury claim (ECAB 17-1724)
W.M. asked OWCP to reconsider a denied Achilles tendon claim after a work running event. The event itself was accepted, but the disputed issue was medical causation. His lawyer pointed to a witness and earlier medical records without submitting relevant new medical evidence or a specific valid…
W.G. and U.S. Postal Service, Bulk Mail Center, Newark, NJ
Board orders new right arm impairment rating (ECAB 17-1576)
W.G. sought more than the three percent right arm impairment previously awarded. The Board found that OWCP had inconsistently used diagnosis-based and range-of-motion methods in upper extremity cases. It ordered a uniform rating method and a new decision. It did not determine whether his award…
J.L. and U.S. Postal Service, Post Office, Houston, TX
Board upholds late reconsideration denial (ECAB 17-1207)
J.L. tried to reopen a denied recurrence of disability after the one-year deadline. He submitted later shoulder imaging, treatment orders, and therapy notes, but the Board found they did not clearly show error in the earlier causation decision. It affirmed the refusal to reopen.
E.R. and U.S. Postal Service, Post Office, Coppell, TX
Board orders new medical review of custodian injury claim (ECAB 17-1068)
E.R. attributed spine, hand, shoulder, and knee conditions to repetitive labor custodian duties. His doctor described the tasks and explained how they could cause or aggravate the diagnosed conditions. The Board found the report not fully sufficient to prove the claim, but strong enough without…
P.L., claiming as widow of R.L., and Department of Homeland Security, Federal Emergency Management Agency, Lacey, WA
Board orders review of death during temporary assignment (ECAB 17-0950)
P.L. sought survivor benefits after her husband died while on a Federal Emergency Management Agency temporary-duty assignment. The Board found that he was on official travel status, which may cover activities essential or incidental to that assignment. It did not decide whether the assignment…
M.L. and U.S. Postal Service, Processing & Distribution Center, Atlanta, GA
Board upholds occupational disease denial (ECAB 17-0487)
M.L. alleged that postal work caused several medical conditions. The Board found that the physicians did not adequately explain how his duties caused or worsened them, especially given evidence of prior conditions. Diagnostic studies gave no causation opinion. It affirmed the denial for lack of…
V.B. and U.S. Postal Service, Post Office, Philadelphia, PA
Board upholds termination of injury benefits (ECAB 16-1684)
V.B. challenged termination of benefits for an accepted work injury. The Board gave controlling weight to an impartial examiner who found the accepted conditions resolved and no ongoing disability or need for treatment. It also found that OWCP had given the required proposed-termination notice…
N.B. and U.S. Postal Service, Post Office, Columbus, OH
Board finds restaurant detour outside postal duty (ECAB 16-1215)
N.B. was injured after leaving her mail route to visit a McDonald’s restaurant. The Board found the trip was a personal detour, not an incidental part of the delivery work. She had not shown an employer-sanctioned practice that would bring the stop within her duties. It affirmed the denial of the…
A.M. and U.S. Postal Service, Post Office, Louisville, KY
Board reverses job-refusal termination and overpayment (ECAB 16-0962)
A.M. declined a modified rural carrier job. OWCP had warned of a possible pay reduction but did not give the required notice and chance to respond before imposing the separate suitable-work refusal penalty. It also found an overpayment based on forfeiture without first issuing a separate forfeiture…
U.C. and Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Region I, King of Prussia, PA
Board upholds late reconsideration denial (ECAB 16-0855)
U.C. asked OWCP to revisit a 2006 merit decision more than nine years later. He submitted extensive claim materials, new reports, and a list of chemicals, but the Board found that they did not clearly show error in the earlier ruling. It affirmed the refusal to reopen under the demanding standard…
H.F. and U.S. Postal Service, Citrus Heights Post Office, Citrus Heights, CA
Board upholds refusal to reopen occupational disease claim (ECAB 17-1669)
H.F. asked OWCP to revisit an occupational disease denial involving cervical radiculopathy. The new submission repeated job duties and an older injury history but did not address the missing medical link between his diagnosed condition and the claimed work factors. The Board found no qualifying new…
S.W. and U.S. Postal Service, Post Office, Plainfield, NJ
Board orders impartial review of knee surgery and disability (ECAB 17-1319)
S.W. sought compensation for disability after June 21, 2012 and authorization of left knee surgery. Her doctor and OWCP’s doctor disagreed about whether the knee condition, surgery, and disability were work related. The Board found the medical conflict unresolved. It ordered an impartial specialist…
E.D. and U.S. Postal Service, Seattle Processing & Distribution Center, Seattle, WA
Board orders review of reduced light-duty hours (ECAB 17-0921)
E.D.’s light-duty schedule fell from 12 to six hours a week when the postal employer withdrew part of the position. The Board found that OWCP had not applied its guidance for assessing an earlier wage-earning capacity ruling after light duty is withdrawn. It directed OWCP to examine whether the…
P.G. and U.S. Postal Service, Post Office, Randolph, MA
Board upholds knee award denial and subpoena refusal (ECAB 17-0900)
P.G. sought an award for left knee impairment and subpoenas for two doctors. An impartial specialist found only a temporary aggravation of preexisting osteoarthritis, so the Board found no work-related permanent impairment. It also found the hearing representative reasonably declined subpoenas…
D.L. and U.S. Postal Service, Post Office, Detroit, MI
Board orders review of wrist injury disability periods (ECAB 17-0625)
D.L. sought wage-loss compensation for October 3, 2015 and October 23, 2015 through April 10, 2016 after an accepted wrist fracture. Her surgeon limited lifting to five pounds when releasing her to work. OWCP had asked the postal employer whether it received those restrictions and could accommodate…
M.S. and Department of Homeland Security, Transportation Security Administration, Rio Grande Valley International Airport, San Antonio, TX
Board upholds denial of expanded injury claim and wheelchair (ECAB 17-0105)
M.S. sought to add radiculopathy and a right hip sprain to an accepted 2015 injury, claimed disability after March 12, 2016, and requested a wheelchair. The Board found the medical evidence insufficient to connect the added conditions or later disability to the accepted injury. Her doctors did not…
D.I. and U.S. Postal Service, Post Office, Amesbury, MA
Board upholds 26 percent left leg impairment award (ECAB 16-1891)
D.I. sought more than the 26 percent left leg impairment already awarded. An impartial specialist reviewed his knee findings and radiographs and rated the permanent impairment at 26 percent. OWCP’s adviser agreed, and the Board found no reasoned rating supporting a higher figure. It affirmed the…
R.A. and U.S. Postal Service, Post Office, Shaker Heights, OH
Board upholds bilateral carpal tunnel claim denial (ECAB 17-1472)
R.A. attributed bilateral carpal tunnel syndrome to repetitive typing and other postal duties. His physician generally described computer work but did not detail the duration and movements or explain how those tasks caused or aggravated the condition. Diagnostic reports offered no causal opinion…
A.G. and Department of State, Bureau of Consular Affairs, Houston, TX
Board upholds allergic reaction claim denial (ECAB 17-1398)
A.G. alleged an allergic reaction after workplace exposure on February 23, 2017. The Board found that her doctor did not explain how the exposure caused the reaction, especially in light of her prior allergies and asthma. Emergency records diagnosed hives but did not link them to work. It affirmed…
D.B. and U.S. Postal Service, Post Office, Montclair, NJ
Board orders new medical review of knee arthritis claim (ECAB 17-1333)
D.B. claimed postal walking, stair climbing, and carrying aggravated preexisting arthritis in both knees. Her doctor explained that those duties exacerbated her condition and contributed to a knee replacement, though his report did not fully prove the claim. The Board found the opinion substantial…
D.D. and Department of the Navy, Puget Sound Naval Shipyard, Bremerton, WA
Board orders complete review of carpal tunnel impairment (ECAB 17-1317)
D.D. sought more than the one percent impairment awarded for each arm after bilateral carpal tunnel surgery. His doctor rated five percent impairment in each arm. OWCP’s adviser disagreed but acknowledged he had not reviewed an electrodiagnostic study already in the record. The Board found the…
What these documents are
- The agencies: Federal workers' compensation appeals from the Department of Labor's Employees' Compensation Appeals Board (ECAB), federal-sector labor-relations cases from the Federal Labor Relations Authority (FLRA), mine-safety cases from the Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission (FMSHRC), workplace-safety cases from the Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission (OSHRC), Longshore Act and Black Lung Benefits Act appeals from the Department of Labor's Benefits Review Board (BRB), precedent decisions of the Board of Immigration Appeals (BIA), environmental permit and penalty appeals from the EPA's Environmental Appeals Board (EAB), and whistleblower and other labor appeals from the Department of Labor's Administrative Review Board (ARB). Each decision page names its agency.
- Commission, Board and Authority decisions: Rulings by the agency's highest review level (the Commission at OSHRC and FMSHRC, the Authority at FLRA, the Board of Immigration Appeals, the Administrative Review Board at Labor, and the Environmental Appeals Board at EPA). These are citable as precedent, though a decision may have been appealed to a U.S. Court of Appeals after issuance.
- ALJ decisions: Rulings by the agency's Administrative Law Judges after a hearing. When no Commissioner directs review, an ALJ decision becomes a final order that binds the parties in that case but is not binding precedent: under 29 U.S.C. § 661(j) at OSHRC, and after the 40-day window of 30 U.S.C. § 823(d)(1) at FMSHRC.
- Why finality matters: Every page here says which kind of decision you are reading, so you know whether it is precedent you can cite or a final order that only shows how one judge ruled on one set of facts.
- Where they come from: Every page links the official public release from the deciding agency, and the full text on the page is that release. The plain-English summaries are written by Ezel.