Can a broker-dealer claim the investment tax credit on a building it owns when part of it is used by affiliated banks that are regulated securities dealers?
Plain-English summary
Deutsche Bank Securities Incorporated, a broker-dealer taxed under Article 9-A, owns an office building at 60 Wall Street. It is indirectly owned by Deutsche Bank AG (DB), an alien bank taxed under Article 32 that acts as a regulated securities/commodities dealer; an affiliate (BT), a domestic bank taxed under Article 32, is also a regulated dealer. The building is used partly by Petitioner (45% of usable business floor space, in its broker-dealer activities) and partly by DB and BT (5% each) in their regulated-dealer activities.
The question is whether the building qualifies for the section 210.12 investment tax credit, which requires property to be principally used (more than 50%) by a broker or dealer in connection with the purchase/sale of stocks, bonds, other securities, or commodities (section 210.12(b)(i)(D)).
The Department held that the affiliated regulated dealers' qualifying use counts. Adding the 10% used by DB and BT (5% each) in their qualifying dealer activities to the 45% used by Petitioner gives 55% of the building used in ITC-qualifying activities -- over the 50% threshold. So the building is principally used by Petitioner in its trade or business as a broker-dealer, and (assuming the other section 210.12(b)(i) requirements are met, including that the administrative/support personnel are in New York) Petitioner may claim the ITC on the building's adjusted basis.
What this means for you
The principal-use test can aggregate affiliated dealer use
For the broker-dealer investment tax credit, you do not have to hit the 50% principal-use threshold on your own activity alone. Space that affiliated regulated dealers (here, Article 32 banks) use in their qualifying securities/commodities dealer activities counts toward the test under section 210.12(b)(i)(D).
Add up all the qualifying uses
Here 45% (owner) + 5% + 5% (two affiliated dealers) = 55%, clearing the bar. Track the floor-space use by function and by entity; the qualifying uses combine.
Don't forget the other ITC conditions
Aggregating use only satisfies the principal-use prong. The building must still meet the other section 210.12(b)(i) requirements -- including that the administrative and support personnel for the qualifying activities are located in New York -- before the credit is allowed on the building's adjusted basis.
Common questions
Q: Can affiliated banks' use of a building help a broker-dealer claim the ITC?
A: Yes. Space used by affiliated regulated dealers (Article 32 banks) in their qualifying dealer activities counts toward the principal-use test under section 210.12(b)(i)(D).
Q: How is the 50% test computed here?
A: 45% used by the owner broker-dealer plus 5% each by two affiliated regulated dealers equals 55%, so the building is principally used in qualifying activities.
Q: Is meeting the principal-use test enough?
A: No. The property must also satisfy the other section 210.12(b)(i) requirements, including New York location of the supporting personnel.
Citations and references
Statutes, regulations, and authorities:
- Tax Law section 210.12 (Article 9-A investment tax credit)
- Tax Law section 210.12(b)(i)(D) (property principally used by a broker or dealer)
- Tax Law Article 32 (franchise tax on banking corporations; regulated dealers)
- Deutsche Bank Securities Incorporated, TSB-A-04(11)C (June 15, 2004)
Source
- Landing page: https://www.tax.ny.gov/pubs_and_bulls/advisory_opinions/corporation_ao_2004.htm
- Opinion: https://www.tax.ny.gov/pdf/advisory_opinions/corporation/a04_11c.pdf
Original ruling text
New York State Department of Taxation and Finance
Office of Tax Policy Analysis
Technical Services Division
TSB-A-04(11)C
Corporation Tax
June 15, 2004
STATE OF NEW YORK
COMMISSIONER OF TAXATION AND FINANCE
ADVISORY OPINION
PETITION NO. C040206A
On February 6, 2004, a Petition for Advisory Opinion was received from Deutsche Bank
Securities Incorporated, 60 Wall Street, New York, New York 10019.
The issues raised by Petitioner, Deutsche Bank Securities Incorporated, are:
1. Whether property owned by a corporation taxed under Article 9-A of the Tax Law, and
leased to an alien bank which is a regulated dealer taxed under Article 32 of the Tax Law,
is eligible for the investment tax credit under section 210.12 of the Tax Law.
2. Whether property owned by a corporation taxed under Article 9-A of the Tax Law, and
leased to a domestic bank which is a regulated dealer taxed under Article 32 of the Tax Law,
is eligible for the investment tax credit under section 210.12 of the Tax Law.
3. For purposes of the investment tax credit under section 210.12 of the Tax Law, how is
the principal use test computed when property, such as a building, is used in qualifying
broker or dealer activities by multiple affiliates?
Petitioner submits the following facts as the basis for this Advisory Opinion.
Deutsche Bank AG (“DB”) is an alien bank that is taxed under Article 32 of the Tax Law.
It acts as a dealer in securities and commodities. Its United States operations are subject to
regulation, supervision and examination by the Federal Reserve Board and its New York branch is
also supervised by the New York State Banking Department. DB indirectly owns all the stock of
Petitioner, a broker-dealer regulated by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Petitioner
is taxed under Article 9-A of the Tax Law. DB also indirectly owns all the stock of Deutsche Bank
Trust Company of the Americas (“BT”), a domestic bank taxed under Article 32 of the Tax Law that
acts as a dealer in securities and commodities. BT is subject to regulation, supervision and
examination by both the Federal Reserve Board and the New York State Banking Department, and
is also subject to relevant FDIC regulation. Through a single member limited liability company
(LLC), treated as a disregarded entity for federal income tax purposes, Petitioner has purchased an
office building located at 60 Wall Street, New York, New York.
Of the usable floor space in the office building, 45 percent is occupied by Petitioner and used
by Petitioner in its business as a broker-dealer in connection with the purchase or sale of stocks,
bonds or other securities or of commodities. Five percent is occupied by Petitioner and used by
Petitioner in activities other than its business as a broker-dealer. Ten percent of the usable floor
space is leased to unrelated third parties. The remaining 40 percent of the usable floor space is
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leased equally to DB and BT. Of the 20 percent of the total usable floor space leased to DB,
one-fourth (5 percent of the total usable floor space) is used in DB’s business as a regulated dealer
in connection with the purchase or sale of stocks, bonds or other securities or of commodities, and
three-fourths is used in other activities. Of the 20 percent of the total usable floor space leased to
BT, one-fourth (5 percent of the total usable floor space) is used in BT’s business as a regulated
dealer in connection with the purchase or sale of stocks, bonds or other securities or of commodities,
and three-fourths is used in other activities. (These percentages are illustrative and intended to
highlight the legal issues involved.)
Petitioner states that all or a substantial portion of the administrative and support personnel
who support Petitioner’s broker-dealer activities in the office building are located in New York
State. All or a substantial portion of BT’s administrative and support personnel who support BT’s
dealer activities in the office building are located in New York State. All or a substantial portion
of DB’s administrative and support personnel who perform services effectively connected with DB’s
United States trade or business and who support DB’s dealer activities in the office building are
located in New York State.
Except for the requirement that it be principally used in activities qualifying for the
investment tax credit, it is assumed for purposes of this Advisory Opinion that the office building
meets all other requirements for Petitioner to be eligible to claim the investment tax credit, under
section 210.12 of the Tax Law, with respect to the building.
Applicable law and regulations
Section 210.12 of the Tax Law contains the provisions for the investment tax credit, and
provides, in part:
(a) A taxpayer shall be allowed a credit, to be computed as hereinafter provided,
against the tax imposed by this article. The amount of the credit shall be the percent
provided for hereinbelow of the investment credit base. The investment credit base is the
cost or other basis for federal income tax purposes of tangible personal property and other
tangible property, including buildings and structural components of buildings, described in
paragraph (b) of this subdivision....
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(b)(i) A credit shall be allowed under this subdivision with respect to tangible
personal property and other tangible property, including buildings and structural components
of buildings, which are: depreciable pursuant to section one hundred sixty-seven of the
internal revenue code, have a useful life of four years or more, are acquired by purchase as
defined in section one hundred seventy-nine (d) of the internal revenue code, have a situs in
this state and are ... (D) principally used in the ordinary course of the taxpayer’s trade or
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business as a broker or dealer in connection with the purchase or sale (which shall include
but not be limited to the issuance, entering into, assumption, offset, assignment, termination,
or transfer) of stocks, bonds or other securities as defined in section four hundred
seventy-five (c)(2) of the Internal Revenue Code, or of commodities as defined in section
four hundred seventy-five (e) of the Internal Revenue Code... For purposes of clause[s] (D)
... of this subparagraph, property purchased by a taxpayer affiliated with a regulated broker,
dealer ... is allowed a credit under this subdivision if the property is used by its affiliated
regulated broker, dealer ... in accordance with this subdivision. Provided, however, a
taxpayer shall not be allowed the credit provided by clause[s] (D) ... of this subparagraph
unless all or a substantial portion of the employees performing the administrative and
support functions resulting from or related to the qualifying uses of such equipment are
located in this state....
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(d) A taxpayer shall not be allowed a credit under this subdivision with respect to
tangible personal property and other tangible property, including buildings and structural
components of buildings, which it leases to any other person or corporation except where
a taxpayer leases property to an affiliated regulated broker, dealer ... that uses such property
in accordance with clause (D) ...of subparagraph (i) of paragraph (b) of this subdivision. For
purposes of the preceding sentence, any contract or agreement to lease or rent or for a license
to use such property shall be considered a lease....
Section 5-2.4(c) of the Business Franchise Tax Regulations (Article 9-A Regulations),
contains the definition of the term principally used, and provides as follows:
The term principally used means more than 50 percent. A building or addition to a
building is principally used in production where more than 50 percent of its usable business
floor space is used in storage and production. Floor space used for bathrooms, cafeterias and
lounges is not usable business floor space. Space used for offices, accounting, sales and
distribution is not used in production. Dual purpose machinery is principally used in
production when it is used in production more than 50 percent of its operating time.
Opinion
With respect to LLCs, the classification accorded an LLC for federal income tax purposes
will be followed for purposes of Article 9-A of the Tax Law. (See, McDermott, Will & Emery, Adv
Op Comm T&F, July 24, 1996, TSB-A-96(19)C; FGIC CMRC Corp, Adv Op Comm T&F, April 1,
1996, TSB-A-96(11)C; and Department of Taxation and Finance Memorandum, TSB-94(6)I and
(8)C, October 25, 1994.) Where a single member LLC is not classified as an entity separate from
its owner for federal income tax purposes (a disregarded entity), it is considered a branch or division
of its owner for federal income tax purposes, and for purposes of Article 9-A of the Tax Law.
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In this case, the office building at 60 Wall Street, New York, New York, is owned by a single
member LLC that is treated as a disregarded entity for federal income tax purposes. The sole
member of the LLC is Petitioner. Therefore, for purposes of Article 9-A of the Tax Law, the single
member LLC is considered a branch or division of Petitioner, and Petitioner is treated as the owner
of the office building at 60 Wall Street.
Section 210.12(b)(i) of the Tax Law provides that a taxpayer is allowed an investment tax
credit with respect to buildings and structural components of buildings which are principally used
in the ordinary course of the taxpayer’s trade or business as a broker or dealer in connection with
the purchase or sale of stocks, bonds or other securities as defined in IRC section 475(c)(2), or of
commodities as defined in IRC section 475(e), if the property meets all of the other requirements
of section 210.12(b)(i) of the Tax Law. This includes the requirement that all or a substantial
portion of the employees performing the administrative and support functions resulting from or
related to the qualifying uses of such property are located in New York State. Further, section
210.12(b)(i) and (d) of the Tax Law provides that the investment tax credit is allowed with respect
to buildings, and structural components of buildings, that are leased by the taxpayer to an affiliated
regulated broker or dealer, if the affiliated regulated broker or dealer uses the property in the
ordinary course of its trade or business as a broker or dealer in connection with the purchase or sale
of stocks, bonds or other securities as defined in IRC section 475(c)(2), or of commodities as defined
in IRC section 475(e).
Technical Services Bureau Memorandum entitled Tax Credits for the Financial Services
Industry, December 1998, TSB-M-98(8)C, (6)I, provides that the term affiliate means:
1) a partnership 80% or more of whose interest in the partnership’s capital or profits
is owned or controlled, directly or indirectly, by the taxpayer;
2) a corporation 80% or more of whose voting stock is owned or controlled, directly
or indirectly, by the taxpayer;
3) a corporation who owns or controls, directly or indirectly, 80% or more of the
voting stock of the taxpayer; and
4) a corporation 80% or more of whose voting stock is owned or controlled, directly
or indirectly, by the entity that owns or controls, directly or indirectly, 80% or more of the
voting stock of the taxpayer.
With respect to Issue 1, DB is a dealer that is subject to regulation, supervision and
examination by the Federal Reserve Board, and DB’s New York branch is also supervised by the
New York State Banking Department, both financial services regulators. DB indirectly owns the
stock of Petitioner. Following the definition of affiliate as provided in TSB-M-98(8)C, (6)I, supra,
Petitioner and DB are affiliates. For purposes of section 210.12(b)(i) and (d) of the Tax Law, there
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is no requirement that the lessee of qualifying property be a domestic corporation or an Article 9-A
taxpayer. Petitioner may claim an investment tax credit on property that it leases to DB if the
property meets all the requirements of section 210.12 of the Tax Law, including (a) the requirement
that the property is principally used in the ordinary course of the taxpayer’s or regulated affiliate’s
trade or business as a broker or dealer in connection with the purchase or sale of stocks, bonds or
other securities or of commodities, and (b) the requirement that all or a substantial portion of the
employees performing the administrative and support functions resulting from or related to the
qualifying uses of such property are located in New York State.
With respect to Issue 2, BT is a dealer subject to regulation, supervision and examination by
both the Federal Reserve Board and the New York State Banking Department, and is also subject
to relevant FDIC regulation, all financial services regulators. BT is a corporation that is indirectly
owned by DB, an entity that indirectly owns the stock of Petitioner. Following the definition of
affiliate as provided in TSB-M-98(8)C, (6)I, supra, Petitioner and BT are affiliates. For purposes
of section 210.12(b)(i) and (d) of the Tax Law, there is no requirement that the lessee of the
qualifying property be an Article 9-A taxpayer. Petitioner may claim an investment tax credit on
property that it leases to BT if the property meets all the requirements of section 210.12 of the Tax
Law, including (a) the requirement that the property is principally used in the ordinary course of the
taxpayer’s or regulated affiliate’s trade or business as a broker or dealer in connection with the
purchase or sale of stocks, bonds or other securities or of commodities, and (b) the requirement that
all or a substantial portion of the employees performing the administrative and support functions
resulting from or related to the qualifying uses of such property are located in New York State.
With respect to Issue 3, Petitioner will be allowed an investment tax credit pursuant
to section 210.12(b)(i) and (d) of the Tax Law if the leased property is used by DB and BT, its
affiliated dealers which are regulated by financial services regulators, in their regulated dealer
activities, and the property meets all of the requirements of section 210.12 of the Tax Law.
Therefore, in determining whether tangible personal property or other tangible property, including
buildings and structural components of buildings, is principally used in the ordinary course of
Petitioner’s trade or business as a broker or dealer in connection with the purchase and sale of
stocks, bonds, or other securities, or of commodities, it is appropriate to aggregate the qualifying
uses by Petitioner and DB and BT, its affiliated regulated dealer lessees, in connection with the
purchase and sale of stocks, bonds, or other securities, or of commodities.
In this case, Petitioner owns an office building located at 60 Wall Street, New York,
New York. Based on the illustrative percentages presented, Petitioner uses 45 percent of the usable
business floor space of the building in its business as a broker-dealer in connection with the purchase
or sale of stocks, bonds or other securities or of commodities. Petitioner leases 20 percent of the
usable business floor space of the building to DB. One-fourth of the usable business floor space
leased by DB (5 percent of the total usable business floor space) is used by DB in its business as a
financial services regulated dealer in connection with the purchase or sale of stocks, bonds or other
securities or of commodities, and three-fourths is used in other activities. Petitioner also leases 20
percent of the usable business floor space of the office building to BT. One-fourth of the usable
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business floor space leased by BT (5 percent of the total usable business floor space) is used by BT
in its business as a financial services regulated dealer in connection with the purchase or sale of
stocks, bonds or other securities or of commodities, and three-fourths is used in other activities.
Therefore, if the 10 percent of the total usable business floor space of the building used by
DB and BT (5 percent each) in their qualifying activities as regulated dealers is added to the 45
percent of the total usable business floor space of the building used by Petitioner in its activities as
a broker-dealer, 55 percent of the building would be used in investment tax credit qualifying
activities under section 210.12(b)(i)(D) of the Tax Law. In such case, the office building at 60 Wall
Street that is owned by Petitioner would be considered to be principally used by Petitioner in the
ordinary course of Petitioner’s trade or business as a broker or dealer in connection with the
purchase and sale of stocks, bonds, or other securities, or of commodities.
Petitioner states that all or a substantial portion of the administrative and support personnel
who support Petitioner’s broker-dealer activities in the office building, and who support BT’s
regulated dealer activities in the office building are located in New York State. Also, all or a
substantial portion of DB’s administrative and support personnel who perform services effectively
connected with DB’s United States trade or business and who support DB’s regulated dealer
activities in the office building are located in New York State. Based on this representation, and
assuming all of the other requirements of section 210.12(b)(i) are met with respect to the office
building at 60 Wall Street, New York, New York, Petitioner may claim the investment tax credit for
the adjusted basis of the building.
DATED: June 15, 2004
NOTE:
/s/
Jonathan Pessen
Tax Regulations Specialist IV
Technical Services Division
The opinions expressed in Advisory Opinions are
limited to the facts set forth therein.