J. Michelle Childs

U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit circuit Appointed by Joe Biden (Democratic) 24 signed orders read

How Judge Childs decides

Patterns drawn from this judge's own signed orders. Every observation links to the order it came from.

What persuades

She reads a remedial statute's catch-all language ('or otherwise') broadly against a narrow agency- or party-favored construction, reasoning that Congress does not include empty words and that a narrower reading would render the catch-all superfluous.

“"otherwise" indicates that the statutory provision reaches beyond the specific examples listed in the statutory text, making the provision a catch-all provision.”

Applying Kisor deference to an agency's reading of its own ambiguous regulation, she credits an interpretation that reflects a documented, decades-long consistent agency practice over one that could be dismissed as a convenient litigating position -- and independently checks that the subject matter implicates genuine agency (not judicial) expertise.

“the Secretary's interpretation reflects its official and steadfast practice (circa 1982) of including a violation in an operator's history as of the date the violation becomes final ... In presenting us with a policy followed for over four decades, the Secretary certainly does not offer a post-hoc rationalization or 'convenient litigating position.'”

Procedural preferences

In Fourth Amendment consent-search cases, she reads Bumper v. North Carolina broadly: any police claim of lawful authority to search -- true, false, or merely ambiguous, not only a false claim of a search warrant -- can render a resident's outward assent mere acquiescence rather than voluntary consent, and a district court must expressly analyze that question rather than stopping once it finds no false statement.

“Bumper's holding is not limited to situations in which a police officer misrepresents the existence of a warrant. ... The critical fact in Bumper was not that a law enforcement officer misrepresented that he had a warrant; it was that 'a law enforcement officer claim[ed] authority to search a home under a warrant.'”

On agency modeling and technical-methodology challenges under arbitrary-and-capricious review, she declines to second-guess an agency's choice of analytical technique so long as it is rationally connected to the result and cross-checked against alternative methods, treating close scrutiny of statistical or scientific modeling choices as outside the judicial role.

“we do not look at the decision as would a scientist, but only to ensure that EPA adheres to certain minimal standards of rationality.”

Cautions

She construes exceptions to foreign sovereign immunity narrowly and declines to extend one immunity-waiving category (e.g., an action to confirm an arbitral award) to a related but textually distinct category (an action to domesticate a foreign court judgment confirming that award) merely because the two are factually 'closely related' -- she requires the sovereign's own conduct to show an intent to waive immunity from the specific category of suit actually filed.

“In light of the scope of the New York Convention, asking only whether foreign court judgments are "closely related" to arbitral awards is too insubstantial a connection to establish strong evidence of a sovereign's intent to waive its immunity.”

On Article III standing, she requires plaintiffs to show more than a logical inference from traceability to redressability -- where a challenged policy is only one of several independent paths to the same third-party behavior (here, a consular officer's discretion to ask for the same information even without the challenged blanket rule), a complaint must specifically allege why vacating the policy would actually change that behavior.

“redressability cannot always be logically inferred from traceability. ... Since a consular officer may still scrutinize a visa applicant's social media activities even if the social media policy were vacated, it cannot be logically inferred that Plaintiffs' injuries would be redressed by a favorable decision in this case.”

Signed rulings

A grounded sample of orders signed by this judge, with the verbatim dispositive language.

Midwest Ozone Group v. Environmental Protection Agency
21-1146 · 2023-03-03
Petition for review (petitioner (Midwest Ozone Group, an association of companies and trade organizations)) Denied

“Instead, we hold that the Revised Rule is an appropriate exercise of EPA's statutory authority under the "Good Neighbor Provision," and deny the petition on the merits.”

GMS Mine Repair v. Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission
22-1143 · 2023-07-07
Petition for review (petitioner (mining contractor GMS Mine Repair and Maintenance, Inc.)) Denied

“For the reasons below, we conclude that Section 100.3(c) is genuinely ambiguous, and the Secretary offers a permissible reading that is also entitled to deference. Therefore, we deny this petition.”

United States v. Louis Wilson
21-3074 · 2023-07-21
Appeal (appellant (Louis Wilson, compassionate-release movant)) Denied

“For the foregoing reasons, we affirm the denial of Wilson's motion for compassionate release.”

Fairless Energy, LLC v. Federal Energy Regulatory Commission
21-1195, consolidated with 21-1264 · 2023-08-11
Petition for review (petitioner (power-plant operator Fairless Energy, LLC)) Denied

“For the foregoing reasons, Fairless Energy fails to demonstrate that either the Commission's exercise of primary jurisdiction over the Transco-Fairless Energy natural gas transportation rate dispute or its decision regarding the appropriate rate was arbitrary and capricious. The court therefore denies Fairless Energy's consolidated petitions.”

Federal Trade Commission v. Endo Pharmaceuticals Inc.
22-5137 · 2023-08-25
Appeal (appellant (Federal Trade Commission)) Denied

“For the foregoing reasons, we affirm the judgment of the district court dismissing the Commission's complaint pursuant to Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 12(b)(6) for failure to state a claim.”

Michael Langeman v. Merrick Garland
22-5264 · 2023-12-12
Appeal (appellant (Michael Langeman, former FBI Special Agent)) Denied

“Accordingly, for the foregoing reasons, we affirm the district court's dismissal of Michael W. Langeman's complaint pursuant to Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 12(b)(6) for failure to state a claim.”

Trustees of the IAM National Pension Fund v. M & K Employee Solutions, LLC / Ohio Magnetics, Inc.
22-7157, consolidated with 22-7158 and 23-7028 · 2024-02-09
Appeal (appellants (withdrawing-employer companies M&K Employee Solutions and Ohio Magnetics, on the timing of actuarial assumptions)) Denied

“We affirm the judgments of the district court.”

Appeal (appellee/cross-appellant (Trustees of the IAM National Pension Fund, challenging the free-look exception ruling)) Denied
Insider Inc. v. General Services Administration
22-5330 · 2024-02-16
Appeal (appellant (news organization Insider Inc.)) Denied

“We agree and accordingly affirm the district court's summary judgment order.”

United States v. Lucas Denney
22-3084 · 2024-04-12
Appeal (appellant (Lucas Denney, January 6 defendant)) Denied

“We affirm the district court because the record supports the enhancements.”

Concert Investor, LLC v. Small Business Administration
22-5253 · 2024-05-03
Appeal (appellant (concert-touring company Concert Investor, LLC)) Granted

“For the foregoing reasons, we vacate the district court's order granting summary judgment to the SBA and remand this case for further proceedings consistent with this opinion.”

Robert Schilling v. United States House of Representatives
22-5290 · 2024-05-28
Appeal (appellant (journalist and radio host Robert Schilling)) Denied

“For the foregoing reasons, we affirm the district court's dismissal of Schilling's petition.”

David W. Noble, Jr. v. National Association of Letter Carriers
23-7012 · 2024-05-28
Appeal (appellant (David Noble, union officer candidate)) Granted

“We reverse and remand for further consideration of Noble's complaint.”

Put Judge Childs's record to work

Ezel drafts and answers grounded in this exact profile: how Judge Childs actually rules, not a generic AI guess.

Opens in Ezel Pro. Every answer is grounded in Judge Childs's own signed orders and cites them.