8 Del. Code Ann. § 271
Sale, lease or exchange of assets: the cases that interpreted this section
59 citing cases reviewed of 66 in the citation index: 21 interpreted the section (annotated below), 38 cited it only in passing. Cases filed after 2026-05-20 may not have been reviewed yet.
Have a situation under 8 Del. Code Ann. § 271?
These notes show how courts have ruled. Ask about your specific facts and see which of these rulings apply, with citations you can check.
Later changes in law
Changes after the earliest notes below. A note stating a rule one of these changed is marked "Law changed since".
- 1983-07-01 Chapter 112 extended § 271 to nonstock corporations and allowed directors to abandon a previously approved asset sale, subject to third-party contract rights. Source
- 2005-08-01 Chapter 30 added § 271(c), which includes wholly owned subsidiaries' assets when measuring a corporation's assets but dispenses with a stockholder vote for a transfer to a subsidiary unless the certificate of incorporation requires one. Source
- 2010-08-01 Chapter 253 expanded the members entitled to vote on a nonstock corporation's covered asset sale to include members given that vote by its certificate or bylaws. Source
- 2022-06-15 The Delaware Supreme Court in Stream TV Networks, Inc. v. SeeCubic, Inc. held that § 271 has no insolvency exception, reversing the earlier trial-court construction. Source
- 2023-08-01 Chapter 98 amended § 272 to clarify when a foreclosure or board-authorized alternative sale of pledged assets needs no § 271(a) stockholder vote. Source
Sale of all or substantially all corporate assets; shareholder approval
Law changed since Since August 1, 2005, § 271(c) dispenses with the stockholder vote for a transfer to a wholly owned subsidiary unless the certificate of incorporation requires it; the general approval rule stated here remains applicable to other covered sales.
Section 271 requires shareholder approval for a corporation’s sale of all or substantially all of its assets when the sale is outside the normal course of business.
Western Land Corp. v. Lichtenstein · filed 1977-03-15
Section 271 of the Delaware Corporation Act (Del. Code Ann. tit. 8, § 271 (1967)) requires shareholder approval in instances where all or substantially all of the assets of the corporation are sold in other than the normal course of business. ... The court’s ruling that there was no material issue of fact on this issue was proper. ... We also believe that the court properly ruled that the sale was in the normal course of business. ... Western Land’s purpose according to its articles of incorporation was to develop and sell property which it did here.Read the full opinion on CourtListener →
Section 271(a) requires directors approving a sale of all or substantially all corporate assets to make an independent, continuing determination that its terms are expedient and in the corporation’s best interests.
Great Western Producers Co-Operative v. Great Western United Corp. · filed 1980-06-30(a)
We therefore hold that the “best efforts” clause did not bind United’s board of directors to recommend security holder approval of the purchase agreement when, subsequent to the execution of the agreement and the directors’ initial determination under § 271(a), the directors inquired into changed circumstances and determined, pursuant to the exercise of their independent good faith judgment, that the terms of the purchase agreement were no longer in the security holders’ best interests.Read the full opinion on CourtListener →
Law changed since Same change as noted above.
Section 271(a) requires majority stockholder approval for a sale of all or substantially all corporate assets, assessed quantitatively and qualitatively.
Gimbel v. Signal Companies, Inc. · filed 1974-01-10(a)
I conclude that measured quantatively and qualitatively, the sale of the stock of Signal Oil by Signal to Burmah does not constitute a sale of “all or substantially all” of Signal’s assets. ... Accordingly, insofar as the complaint rests on 8 Del.C. § 271(a), in my judgment, it has no reasonable probability of ultimate success.Read the full opinion on CourtListener →
Law changed since Same change as noted above.
Section 271 requires approval by a majority of outstanding voting stockholders before a corporation sells substantially all its assets, with a meeting called on at least twenty days’ notice.
Katz v. Bregman · filed 1981-04-20
I conclude that because the proposed sale of Plant National (Quebec) Ltd. would, if consummated, constitute a sale of substantially all of the assets of Plant Industries, Inc., as presently constituted, that an injunction should issue preventing the consummation of such sale at least until it has been approved by a majority of the outstanding stockholders of Plant Industries, Inc., entitled to vote at a meeting duly called on at least twenty days’ notice.Read the full opinion on CourtListener →
Law changed since Same change as noted above.
Section 271 requires approval by a majority of outstanding shares for a sale of assets; approval by an independent majority shifts the burden of proving unfairness to the challengers.
Schiff v. RKO Pictures Corp. · filed 1954-03-26
This is a proposed sale of assets under 8 Del.C. § 271. ... Thus sufficient shares were voted in favor of the offer to meet the statutory requirement without counting the Hughes' stock. This being so, it seems to me that even assuming that, otherwise, RKO would have the burden of showing the fairness of the transaction on the theory that the purchaser Hughes dominated and controlled the board of directors, nevertheless, the independent majority stockholder approval has the effect of shifting that burden back to the plaintiffs.Read the full opinion on CourtListener →
Section 271 does not invalidate directors’ approval of an asset sale merely because some directors lacked full knowledge of every factor affecting value.
Cottrell v. Pawcatuck Company · filed 1955-09-28
But I conclude that the action taken at the directors' meeting of November 12, 1953 to authorize the sale of assets did not violate the Delaware Statute, 8 Del.C. § 271. See Allied Chemical & Dye Corporation v. Steel & Tube Co., 14 Del.Ch. 64, 122 A. 142. It is true that not all the directors were fully conversant with all the value factors involved. But that does not mean the approval is invalid.Read the full opinion on CourtListener →
Section 271 permits officers who are also directors to negotiate an asset sale before the board votes on it.
Smith v. Good Music Station · filed 1957-01-30
Such action is inherent in any sale of assets plan negotiated by officer-directors. Indeed, the sale of assets statute fairly contemplates such a procedure. Plaintiff's contention is without merit.Read the full opinion on CourtListener →
A stockholder challenging a Section 271 asset sale bears the burden of proving fraud or a sale price so inadequate that it amounts to constructive fraud.
Marks v. Wolfson · filed 1963-02-08
Here, there being no credible evidence of self-dealing or of a sharing in illegal and secret profits, plaintiffs to succeed were compelled to carry the burden of seeking to establish that the price paid for the assets in question was so inadequate as to fall without the purview of the type of transaction authorized by Title 8 Del.C. § 271. This they failed to do.Read the full opinion on CourtListener →
Section 271 permits stockholders to approve an asset sale at a minimum price while leaving its final terms to the directors.
Clarke Memorial College v. Monaghan Land Co. · filed 1969-09-09
Hence approval by the stockholders of a sale “upon such terms and conditions and for such consideration,” not less than $2,400,000, as the directors might subsequently determine to be in the best interest of the corporation satisfies the statute.Read the full opinion on CourtListener →
Law changed since Same change as noted above.
Section 271 requires shareholder approval for a sale of all or substantially all of a corporation’s assets.
Atwood Grain & Supply Co. v. Growmark, Inc. · filed 1989-05-19(a)
Gromark is a single corporation and substantially all of its assets were not sold, therefore, plaintiffs’ claim that the Board should have consulted them under DehCode sec. 271 must fail.Read the full opinion on CourtListener →
Law changed since Same change as noted above.
Section 271 permits a corporation’s board, with approval from a majority of stockholders, to sell all of its assets.
Gomberg v. Midvale Company · filed 1955-12-30
In the actions before us a statute of Delaware, the state in which ... Midvale was incorporated, grants the right to the board of directors, upon the approval of a majority of stockholders, to sell the entire assets of the corporations. 8 Del.C. § 271.Read the full opinion on CourtListener →
Section 271(a) requires board and stockholder approval for a sale of all or substantially all of a corporation’s assets.
Stream TV Networks, Inc. v. SeeCubic, Inc. · filed 2020-12-08(a)
The statute thus mandates a two-step process: the board must approve the sale, and the stockholders must approve it.Read the full opinion on CourtListener →
Section 271 requires a stockholder vote for a sale of substantially all corporate assets, assessed by the sale’s quantitative and qualitative effect on the company.
Altieri v. Alexy · filed 2023-05-22(a)
Under the circumstances, Plaintiff has not adequately alleged that the Sale triggered the voting requirement of Section 271. Count I is dismissed.Read the full opinion on CourtListener →
Section 271(a) requires majority stockholder approval to sell all or substantially all of a corporation’s assets.
ATP Marin, Inc., a Delaware Corporation v. Sentinel Global Partners USA, Inc., a Delaware Corporation · filed 2026-05-07(a)
After a one-day trial, I conclude that the transfer of the yachts to Sentinel was invalid under Section 271 of the Delaware General Corporation Law and must be rescinded. When the transfers occurred, the yachts were ATP’s only assets; under Section 271, therefore, approval of ATP’s majority owner, Koza Holding, was required to effectuate the sales.Read the full opinion on CourtListener →
Section 271(a) requires shareholder approval of a corporate asset sale at a meeting with 20 days’ notice; it does not govern disclosure of the sale’s terms.
Overwell Harvest, Limited v. Trading Technologies International, Inc. · filed 2024-08-12(a)
But § 271 does not concern disclosure, only that a sale of a corporation be approved at a meeting of the shareholders and that the shareholders receive 20 days’ notice of such a meeting.Read the full opinion on CourtListener →
A Section 271 claim must allege a transaction involving the sale, lease, or exchange of all or substantially all of the corporation’s assets.
Dorsey v. Jones · filed 2026-03-27
The counterclaim does not allege, even in conclusory fashion, that any of the transactions about which Jones vaguely complains were a sale, lease, or exchange of “all or substantially all” of Roots’ assets.Read the full opinion on CourtListener →
De facto merger
Section 271 permits a corporation to sell all its assets for another corporation's stock; a compliant sale does not become a de facto merger merely because the seller will dissolve and distribute that stock to its shareholders.
Hariton v. Arco Electronics, Inc. · filed 1962-06-13
The right of the corporation to sell all of its assets for stock in another corporation was expressly accorded to Arco by § 271 of Title 8, Del.C. ... I conclude that the transaction complained of was not a de facto merger, either in the sense that there was a failure to comply with one or more of the requirements of § 271 of the Delaware Corporation Law, or that the result accomplished was in effect a merger entitling plaintiff to a right of appraisal.Read the full opinion on CourtListener →
Standing to sue
Section 271 permits only stockholders entitled to vote on a sale of assets to challenge a failure to obtain the required vote.
Winston v. Mandor · filed 1997-05-12
Section 271 defines the class of persons it wishes to protect by requiring the vote of those shareholders entitled to vote as opposed to all shareholders. Additionally, the underlying corporation law policy is better served in this instance by restricting standing to sue under section 271 to this class.Read the full opinion on CourtListener →
Insolvency exception
Law changed since The Delaware Supreme Court held on 2022-06-15 in Stream TV Networks, Inc. v. SeeCubic, Inc. that § 271 has no insolvency exception, ending this trial-court rule.
Section 271 requires majority stockholder approval for covered asset sales but preserves directors’ authority to sell an insolvent or failing corporation’s assets without a stockholder vote.
Stream TV Networks, Inc. v. SeeCubic, Inc. · filed 2021-12-08(a)
Section 271 therefore did not supersede the common law’s recognition that directors could sell the assets of an insolvent or failing firm without stockholder approval, particularly when doing so would avoid an execution sale.Read the full opinion on CourtListener →
Section 271(a) has no insolvency exception to its stockholder vote requirement for a sale, lease, or exchange of all or substantially all corporate assets.
Steam TV Networks, Inc. v. SeeCubic, Inc. · filed 2022-06-15(a)
Accordingly, we clarify that there presently is no insolvency exception embedded in Section 271.Read the full opinion on CourtListener →
Foreclosure sales
Section 271(a) does not require a stockholder vote when a secured creditor forecloses on the corporation’s assets.
Glean Tech Fund II LP v. McIntosh · filed 2025-09-02(a)
The Director Defendants offer two arguments: (1) Section 271 approval was not required under the statutory regime as it existed at the time of the foreclosure sale and (2) even if a vote were required under the statutory framework that was in effect at the time of the foreclosure sale, a subsequent amendment to Section 272 makes clear that no such vote is required.99 The court agrees with the first argument and does not reach ... the second.Read the full opinion on CourtListener →
38 more cases cited this section only in passing
These cases mention the section without interpreting it (a string cite, a footnote, background). Listed so you can see the full citation record, not just the annotated rulings.
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