Federal Agency Decisions

Workplace-safety cases from the Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission (OSHRC), mine-safety cases from the Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission (FMSHRC), and environmental appeals from the EPA's Environmental Appeals Board, each with a plain-English summary, the standards it cites, and whether it counts as precedent. More agencies are coming.

13,427 decisions and counting · Latest decision August 18, 2026
13,427 decisions

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COMM

Prineville Mouldings, Inc.

Trim-saw citation vacated, floor-opening item affirmed

Prineville Mouldings, Inc. manufactured lineal pine moulding at a plant in Prineville, Oregon. OSHA cited eight unguarded trim saws as hand-fed crosscut table saws, an uncovered floor opening leading to a conveyor, and unguarded power-transmission parts on woodworking machinery. The judge found…

November 11, 1974 ·OSHRC
Mixed result
COMM

Northeast Stevedoring Co., Inc.

Unsecured-pontoon violations affirmed

Northeast Stevedoring Co., Inc. loaded and unloaded cargo aboard the S/S Hermes and S/S Socrates at a Brooklyn pier. OSHA cited the company for serious violations involving hatch pontoons that were not secured against accidental displacement while employees worked cargo nearby. The judge found that…

November 6, 1974 ·OSHRC
Citations affirmed
COMM

Wiley N. Jackson Company and Moore Brothers Company, Inc., a Joint Venture, d/b/a Mojac Company

Flagman-garment violation affirmed

Mojac Company was performing road and bridge construction near Interstate 95 and Glebe Road in Arlington, Virginia. An employee directing traffic around a painters' scaffold was not wearing the required red or orange garment when a backing company truck struck and killed him. The company had…

November 6, 1974 ·OSHRC
Citations affirmed
COMM

American Airlines, Inc.

Late notice of contest dismissed

OSHA cited American Airlines, Inc. after an inspection of its aircraft maintenance and engineering center in Tulsa, Oklahoma. The contested item alleged that employees working on an aircraft's tail and wing did not use safety belts or other required personal protective equipment. American received…

November 5, 1974 ·OSHRC
Procedural
COMM

George V. Hamilton, Inc.

Promptness dismissal reversed for a hearing

OSHA inspected George V. Hamilton, Inc. on December 15, 1972, and issued a serious citation 89 days later. Before holding a hearing, the judge ordered the Secretary to justify the delay under the Act's requirement that citations be issued with reasonable promptness. When the Secretary declined, the…

November 4, 1974 ·OSHRC
Remanded
COMM

Scotty Smith Construction Co., Inc.

Crane violation affirmed and saw allegation vacated

Scotty Smith Construction was the general contractor for additions to a YMCA building in Sheboygan, Wisconsin. A company employee was electrocuted while handling a concrete bucket after the boom of a leased crane contacted energized overhead power lines. The judge found that the company chose the…

November 1, 1974 ·OSHRC
Mixed result
COMM

O'Dell Plumbing, Heating & Cooling, Inc.

Serious trenching violations affirmed

O'Dell Plumbing, Heating & Cooling was installing a storm drain at a hospital construction project in Liberty, Missouri. OSHA cited the company after employees worked in an approximately 14-foot-deep trench whose unstable sides were not adequately supported or sloped and whose spoil piles were…

November 1, 1974 ·OSHRC
Citations affirmed
COMM

Clarence Martin, d/b/a Martin Masonry Company

Penalties reduced for small masonry contractor

Martin Masonry Company was completing a penthouse on the roof of a six-story building in Oakland, California. The company conceded violations involving an employee working near the roof edge without a safety belt, a masonry-saw operator without goggles, makeshift fasteners on a material hoist, and…

November 1, 1974 ·OSHRC
Modified
COMM

Bechtel Corp.

Citations vacated for lack of employee exposure

Bechtel served as engineer and construction manager at the Trojan Nuclear Plant project in Oregon. OSHA cited housekeeping debris, compressed-gas cylinders without valve caps, and an unguarded recess at the construction site. Other contractors created the cited conditions, and the record did not…

October 31, 1974 ·OSHRC
Citations vacated
COMM

George A. Hormel and Company

Reconsideration denied despite pending variance request

Hormel asked the Commission to reconsider an earlier decision requiring guardrails on the carcass side of a shaving platform. The company argued that it had applied for a variance and that strict compliance would create a greater hazard. The Commission found that Hormel had not proved alternative…

October 21, 1974 ·OSHRC
Procedural
COMM

Plessey-Burton, Inc.

Housekeeping and emergency-water violations affirmed

Plessey-Burton cleaned, processed, and electroplated electrical components at a Los Angeles facility. The Commission affirmed a housekeeping violation based on acid spills and disorderly chemical-drum storage that created slipping and tripping hazards. It also affirmed a violation for failing to…

October 18, 1974 ·OSHRC
Mixed result
COMM

Bouma Post Yards, Inc.

Split mill-safety ruling affirmed with no penalties

Bouma Post Yards operated a small Montana mill that processed logs into fence posts. OSHA cited a broad group of conditions involving tanks, fuel dispensing, defective equipment, industrial trucks, machinery, welding cables, electrical grounding, wire rope, vehicle alarms, and fire extinguishers…

October 18, 1974 ·OSHRC
Mixed result
COMM

Colorado Fuel & Iron Steel Corp.

Serious hot-roll-line guarding violation affirmed

Colorado Fuel & Iron operated a steel mill in Pueblo, Colorado. Employees worked beside a roll table carrying steel bars heated above 2,500 degrees Fahrenheit at speeds of 15 to 20 miles per hour. The citation alleged that a recorder lacked protection from bars leaving the table and that a crop…

October 17, 1974 ·OSHRC
Citations affirmed
COMM

Tech-Steel, Inc.

$30 penalty assessed for obstructed aisles

Tech-Steel fabricated structural steel at a Utah facility. The company admitted that scrap metal, extension cords, welding leads, and hoses obstructed work areas, aisles, and passageways used with overhead cranes. The judge affirmed the violations but vacated the proposed $30 penalty. The…

October 17, 1974 ·OSHRC
Modified
COMM

Murro Chemical Co., Inc.

Conveyor hazard affirmed under general duty clause

Murro Chemical manufactured soap and fatty acids at a Virginia facility. OSHA initially cited an unguarded feed-conveyor worm gear under a machine-guarding standard, then amended the charge at the hearing to the general duty clause because the cited standard did not fit the condition. The judge…

October 11, 1974 ·OSHRC
Mixed result
COMM

Thorleif Larsen & Son, Inc.

$550 penalty restored for unanchored wall collapse

Thorleif Larsen & Son was the masonry subcontractor building a tall concrete-block wall at an Indianapolis construction site. The wall was left freestanding without being tied to the building's structural steel, and part of it collapsed, killing the company's foreman and seriously injuring three…

October 11, 1974 ·OSHRC
Modified
COMM

H. K. Ferguson Co.

Seven construction violations affirmed and two vacated

H. K. Ferguson was the contractor on a project to expand an Anheuser-Busch facility in Columbus, Ohio. The judge affirmed seven nonserious items involving debris, flammable-liquid storage, smoking warnings, compressed-gas cylinders, elevated runways, and safe access between elevations. He vacated a…

October 11, 1974 ·OSHRC
Mixed result
COMM

Scientific Coating Co., Inc.

Serious unguarded-scaffold violation affirmed

Scientific Coating employed painters at a power-plant construction project in Newark, New Jersey. An OSHA inspector observed two employees on the top platform of an approximately 18-foot scaffold without guardrails, midrails, or toeboards. The judge found that a fall could have caused serious…

October 11, 1974 ·OSHRC
Citations affirmed
COMM

Empire Art Products Co., Inc.

Failure-to-abate penalties reduced to $375

Empire Art Products assembled decorative products at a small New York workplace. A reinspection found that several electrical tools and machines remained ungrounded and that one of two cited exit-sign conditions remained uncorrected. OSHA did not prove that a compressed-air item remained unabated…

October 10, 1974 ·OSHRC
Modified
COMM

Tri-County Constructors, Inc.

Serious excavation violations affirmed with $1,200 penalties

Tri-County Constructors had employees working in deep ground openings at a Pennsylvania state-park project. One trench was about 18 feet deep, with its lower eight feet nearly vertical and without shoring, while another excavation had near-vertical walls, water, and unstable soil. The judge…

October 9, 1974 ·OSHRC
Mixed result
COMM

American Chimney Corp.

Ladder and scaffold violations affirmed at chimney job

American Chimney performed maintenance work on two chimneys approximately 240 feet high at a Camden, New Jersey facility. Its employees used sectional wooden ladders whose grooved ends lacked the required reinforcement, creating a risk that a rail could split and displace a rung. The company also…

October 9, 1974 ·OSHRC
Modified
COMM

Jack Shelton, d/b/a Jack Shelton Painting Contractor

Sandblasting item reduced to nonserious

Jack Shelton Painting Contractor used a rented sandblaster and a mobile scaffold at an Idaho construction project. The sandblasting nozzle lacked a manual operating valve, so the worker holding it had to signal another employee to shut off the equipment. The judge found a violation but reclassified…

October 9, 1974 ·OSHRC
Modified
COMM

Horne Plumbing & Heating Company

Serious trenching violations affirmed

Horne Plumbing & Heating was installing sewer pipe in a trench at a Georgia church project. A cave-in killed the job foreman and another employee, and the first inspection found undersized shoring in a roughly 17-foot-deep trench and excavated soil stored less than two feet from its edge. A later…

October 9, 1974 ·OSHRC
Mixed result
COMM

Marino Development Corp.

Trench violation affirmed and penalty reduced to $500

Marino Development was working in a trench in South Easton, Massachusetts. The trench was more than five feet deep in wet, unstable soil and lacked adequate shoring, support, or sloping. One side collapsed and killed the employee working inside, and the other side collapsed shortly afterward. The…

October 9, 1974 ·OSHRC
Modified
COMM

Otis Elevator Co.

Elevator-shaft citation vacated for lack of employee exposure proof

Otis Elevator was installing an elevator at a Colorado Springs bank construction site where a first-floor shaft opening had a seven-foot drop. OSHA cited the company under the floor-opening standard, and the judge amended the charge to the wall-opening standard, found the makeshift scaffold barrier…

October 8, 1974 ·OSHRC
Citations vacated
COMM

F.E. Myers & Brothers Company

Paint-spill violation reduced and conveyor citation vacated

F.E. Myers manufactured pumps and used flammable paints and thinners in its Ohio plant. The judge found a serious violation for inadequate precautions against spills and ignition sources, plus nonserious violations involving a combustible spray-booth floor and an overhead conveyor, and assessed…

October 7, 1974 ·OSHRC
Mixed result
COMM

Sletten Construction Company

Unused-crane and bulldozer items vacated

Sletten Construction was building a bridge in Idaho and used cranes with damaged wire rope, defective booms, and broken cab glass. The judge also affirmed a canopy citation for a bulldozer used to grade ground and move rocks, plus two recordkeeping items, and assessed $750 in total penalties. The…

October 3, 1974 ·OSHRC
Mixed result
COMM

Brown-Lane Company

Settlement vacates cylinder items and affirms scaffold penalties

Brown-Lane was constructing additional facilities for an affiliated open-pit clay mining operation in Louisiana. OSHA cited five conditions involving gas cylinders and scaffolding, with proposed penalties of $40 each for the two scaffold items. In a settlement, the Secretary agreed to vacate the…

October 3, 1974 ·OSHRC
Settled
COMM

American Bridge, Division of U.S. Steel Corporation

Tie-off citation vacated under greater-hazard defense

American Bridge employees connected steel beams while moving along roof trusses more than 60 feet above the ground. They wore safety belts but did not tie off while traversing or climbing the trusses, and OSHA cited the company under the personal protective equipment standard with a proposed $650…

October 2, 1974 ·OSHRC
Citations vacated
COMM

St. Paul Feed & Supply, Inc.

Penalty-only contest leaves citations final

St. Paul Feed & Supply received one serious and 17 nonserious citation items at its Oregon agricultural-products facility. Its notice of contest identified only the proposed penalties. The Commission held that this limited notice left the citations and their abatement periods as final orders, so…

October 2, 1974 ·OSHRC
Modified
COMM

Hodgdon Shingle & Shake Company

Serious saw-guarding violation draws $1 penalty

Hodgdon operated a small Oregon shake and shingle mill with five large saws that did not meet OSHA's machine-guarding standard. The company admitted that the violation was serious, but the record showed that all guards known to the industry were already in use and no supplier offered conforming…

September 30, 1974 ·OSHRC
Modified
COMM

Hartwell Excavating Company

Trench citations modified and penalties reduced

Hartwell Excavating was installing a sewer line in an Idaho trench that exceeded five feet in depth and had unsloped sides in sand-and-gravel soil. OSHA also cited excavated material stored at the trench edge, missing exit ladders, a worker positioned beneath part of a backhoe bucket, an incomplete…

September 26, 1974 ·OSHRC
Mixed result
COMM

Otis Elevator Company

Settlement approved with $545 aggregate penalty

Otis Elevator and the Secretary entered into a settlement agreement, and the company moved to withdraw its notice of contest. The judge initially dismissed the proceeding after finding that the parties had satisfied the Commission's settlement rule. The Commission set aside that dismissal and…

September 26, 1974 ·OSHRC
Settled
COMM

Eastern States Electrical Contractors, Inc.

Withdrawn contest leaves $100 penalty affirmed

Eastern States Electrical Contractors asked to withdraw its notice of contest before the scheduled hearing. The company represented that it had abated the violation, would remain in compliance, and was tendering the proposed $100 penalty. The judge granted the withdrawal, cancelled the hearing, and…

September 26, 1974 ·OSHRC
Citations affirmed
COMM

Republic Steel Corporation

Citation withdrawal conditioned on employee notice

Republic Steel contested part of a citation, and the Secretary later moved to withdraw that contested item and its proposed penalty. The judge granted the motion even though the record did not show that affected employees had received notice. The Commission held that a Secretary's withdrawal, like…

September 24, 1974 ·OSHRC
Procedural
COMM

Wheeling-Pittsburgh Steel Corporation, Wheeling Corrugating Company

Withdrawal conditioned on employee notice

Wheeling-Pittsburgh Steel contested a citation, and the Secretary later moved to withdraw the nonserious citation and its proposed penalty. The judge granted the motion without a record showing that affected employees had received notice. The Commission held that withdrawal before a hearing would…

September 24, 1974 ·OSHRC
Procedural
COMM

Pacific Intermountain Express Company

Withdrawal requires posted employee notice

Pacific Intermountain Express contested one citation allegation, and the Secretary later moved to withdraw item 5 and its proposed penalty. The judge granted the motion even though the record did not show notice to affected employees. The Commission held that granting the withdrawal before a…

September 24, 1974 ·OSHRC
Procedural
COMM

Otis Elevator Company

Shared-site fire and cylinder violations partly affirmed

Otis Elevator employees worked at a construction site where fire protection was deficient and compressed-gas cylinders lacked valve caps or were not secured upright. Otis argued that it did not own the cylinders or control the fire equipment. The judge held that an employer remains responsible when…

September 24, 1974 ·OSHRC
Mixed result
COMM

Bayside Pipe Coaters, Inc.

Subcontractor remains responsible for its trench crew

Bayside Pipe Coaters sent a foreman and two employees to waterproof pipe in a trench excavated by a general contractor. The company admitted that the trench, spoil-pile, and compressed-gas-cylinder conditions violated OSHA standards but argued that its contract made the general contractor solely…

September 20, 1974 ·OSHRC
Citations affirmed
COMM

George A. Hormel and Company

Hog-shaving platform guardrail citation affirmed

Hormel employees shaved hair from suspended hog carcasses while standing on a platform 58 inches above the floor. The carcass side of the platform lacked a guardrail, and OSHA issued a nonserious citation without proposing a penalty. The Commission found that gaps of 12 to 18 inches between…

September 20, 1974 ·OSHRC
Citations affirmed
COMM

C. N. Flagg & Company, Inc.

Willful trench penalty reduced to $1,000

C. N. Flagg employees installed gas pipe in a six-to-seven-foot trench with vertical walls in soft, unstable soil beside a road carrying traffic. The company had supplied adequate steel trench boxes and required their use, but the welding foreman knowingly chose not to use them after a gas-main…

September 19, 1974 ·OSHRC
Modified
COMM

Kermit L. Stepter d/b/a Stepter Brothers Lathing

Scaffold violations affirmed with $350 penalties

Stepter Brothers used a wooden scaffold at an Arizona apartment project where an employee worked 24 feet above the ground without required guardrails. The scaffold also had deficient footings, damaged members, unsecured planks, missing ledgers and bracing, and gaps between platform planks. The…

September 12, 1974 ·OSHRC
Citations affirmed
COMM

B & K Paving Company

Serious ungrounded-pump violation affirmed

B & K Paving used an electric water pump in a creek to control smoke from an asphalt batch plant. An employee entered the creek to inspect the pump intake, encountered electrical current in the water, collapsed, and later died. The pump was not grounded even though grounding leads had been…

September 5, 1974 ·OSHRC
Citations affirmed
COMM

Eastwind, Inc.

Serious trench penalties reduced to $600 total

Eastwind employees worked in a seven-foot trench with vertical walls in wet, unstable soil while excavated and backfill material was piled at the edges. Part of a trench wall collapsed and partially buried two employees, who survived. Eastwind admitted serious violations for failing to support the…

September 5, 1974 ·OSHRC
Modified
COMM

Grebb Electric Company

Housekeeping item affirmed and access hazards vacated

Grebb Electric was an electrical subcontractor at a large Denver apartment construction project. OSHA found scrap lumber and debris in areas where Grebb employees were working, along with temporary stairs lacking rails, protruding nails in stair treads, and open elevated platforms. The judge…

September 4, 1974 ·OSHRC
Mixed result
COMM

J. F. Probst & Co., Inc.

Roof guardrail citation reinstated with $25 penalty

J. F. Probst employees performed roofing work about 20 feet above the ground without a standard railing or equivalent fall protection. The judge vacated that item because he found the open-sided floor and platform rule inapplicable to roofs. The Commission reversed, holding that the standard…

September 3, 1974 ·OSHRC
Mixed result
COMM

RPM Erectors, Inc.

High-rise platform violation reclassified as serious

RPM Erectors used a movable platform outside a high-rise building to land curtain-wall materials. While RPM employees used it, the side guardrails lacked intermediate rails and toeboards, exposing employees to falls from heights between 18 and 33 stories. The platform was later damaged after RPM…

September 3, 1974 ·OSHRC
Modified
COMM

Sinaiko Brothers Company

Shear-guarding settlement approved with $50 penalty

OSHA cited Sinaiko Brothers for failing to provide a point-of-operation guard on a Milwaukee alligator shear. The company contested that item, then entered a settlement extending the abatement date to April 1, 1974 and agreeing to withdraw its contest and pay the proposed $50 penalty. The judge…

August 28, 1974 ·OSHRC
Settled
COMM

L. I. Dumont, Inc.

Flat-roof guardrail violation affirmed

L. I. Dumont installed roofing materials on a one-story Alabama store building with an essentially flat roof about 20 feet above the ground. Three or four employees worked on the roof, including near its edges, and the company never installed guardrails or another barricade. The Commission affirmed…

August 28, 1974 ·OSHRC
Citations affirmed
COMM

Sun Shipbuilding and Drydock Company

One noise-exposure item affirmed without penalty

OSHA cited four instances in which Sun Ship employees worked without hearing protection in high-noise shipyard operations. In the boiler shop, repeated spot readings exceeded 115 dBA and other evidence showed that an employee had operated near continuous chipping tools for more than the permitted…

August 28, 1974 ·OSHRC
Mixed result
COMM

T. Smith & Son, Inc.

Barge work-vest violation affirmed

Two T. Smith employees worked on a deck barge loading and unloading steel at a New Orleans wharf without Coast Guard-approved buoyant work vests. The company admitted noncompliance but argued that the employees were crew members or seamen subject exclusively to Coast Guard jurisdiction. The…

August 28, 1974 ·OSHRC
Citations affirmed
COMM

Hardy Construction Company

Trench-side item affirmed and bank item vacated

Hardy Construction employees worked in a compact-soil trench that was more than six feet deep, about 34 inches wide, and insufficiently sloped above the five-foot level. The judge found a nonserious violation of the compact-soil trench standard but no substantial probability of death or serious…

August 20, 1974 ·OSHRC
Mixed result
COMM

Granite-Seabro Corporation

General construction citations vacated after power-line incident

Granite-Seabro employees remained aloft on an 85-foot power-line structure while supporting poles were moved into a vertical position. One employee died and another was injured. Because specific power-transmission standards had not yet been adopted, OSHA cited general construction provisions…

August 16, 1974 ·OSHRC
Citations vacated
COMM

Rudolph Marossy

Power-line painting violation affirmed with $100 penalty

Rudolph Marossy operated a very small painting business and allowed an employee to spray-paint a silo within roughly three feet of uninsulated power lines carrying 7,000 volts. The lines were not deenergized or grounded, and no effective insulation or other protection was provided. The employee…

August 16, 1974 ·OSHRC
Citations affirmed
COMM

Weyerhaeuser Company

Storage item affirmed and noise citation vacated

OSHA cited noise exposure near a corrugator at Weyerhaeuser's Maine fiberboard plant, unstable stacks of corrugated cartons, and allegedly unguarded machine parts. The Commission affirmed vacation of the noise item because a 15-to-20-minute sample ranging from 97 to 102 dBA was not shown to…

August 15, 1974 ·OSHRC
Mixed result
COMM

Sierra Pacific Industries, Hayfork Division

Eight sawmill items affirmed with $435 penalties

OSHA cited 11 conditions at Sierra Pacific's California sawmill, including platform railings, guarding around a lift and sawmill machinery, blocked exit access, sanitation, stairs, and crane equipment. The company admitted four items, and the judge affirmed four additional contested items involving…

August 14, 1974 ·OSHRC
Mixed result
COMM

Matthews & Fritts, Inc.

$1,000 failure-to-abate penalty vacated

Matthews & Fritts received a trench citation requiring abatement on the same day the citation was received. OSHA reinspected the next morning while company officials were discussing corrective procedures and proposed an additional $1,000 failure-to-abate penalty. The Commission held that an…

August 13, 1974 ·OSHRC
Citations vacated
COMM

Kemmerlin Meats, Inc.

Seventeen plant violations affirmed with $235 penalties

Kemmerlin Meats admitted 17 violations at its South Carolina meatpacking plant involving compressed-gas cylinders, machine guarding, electrical wiring and grounding, housekeeping, ladders, knives, sanitation, and equipment labeling. Penalties were proposed for six items, including raw wires…

August 13, 1974 ·OSHRC
Citations affirmed
COMM

Echo Hotel, Inc.

Serious egress citation withdrawn with prejudice

OSHA cited Echo Hotel for providing only one interior wooden stairway from second-floor employee sleeping quarters that usually housed six workers. The judge read the notice of contest as challenging only the proposed $500 penalty and treated the serious citation as final. The Commission held that…

August 9, 1974 ·OSHRC
Mixed result
COMM

International Terminal Operating Company

Four stevedoring items affirmed with $135 penalties

International Terminal Operating Company was cited for conditions during stevedoring work aboard several vessels and on a Brooklyn dock. The judge affirmed an oily deck condition without a penalty, a blocked hatch ladder for $40, an unstable temporary surface under a powered vehicle for $40, and…

August 8, 1974 ·OSHRC
Mixed result

What these documents are

  • The agencies: Workplace-safety cases from the Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission (OSHRC), mine-safety cases from the Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission (FMSHRC), and environmental permit and penalty appeals from the EPA's Environmental Appeals Board (EAB). Each decision page names its agency.
  • Commission and Board decisions: Rulings by the agency's highest review level (the Commission at OSHRC and FMSHRC, the Environmental Appeals Board at EPA). These are citable as precedent, though a decision may have been appealed to a U.S. Court of Appeals after issuance.
  • ALJ decisions: Rulings by the agency's Administrative Law Judges after a hearing. When no Commissioner directs review, an ALJ decision becomes a final order that binds the parties in that case but is not binding precedent: under 29 U.S.C. § 661(j) at OSHRC, and after the 40-day window of 30 U.S.C. § 823(d)(1) at FMSHRC.
  • Why finality matters: Every page here says which kind of decision you are reading, so you know whether it is precedent you can cite or a final order that only shows how one judge ruled on one set of facts.
  • Where they come from: Every page links the official public release from the deciding agency, and the full text on the page is that release. The plain-English summaries are written by Ezel.