Federal agency decisions, searchable in plain English.

Workplace-safety cases from the Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission (OSHRC) and mine-safety cases from the Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission (FMSHRC), each with a plain-English summary, the standards it cites, and whether it counts as precedent. More agencies are coming.

7,177 decisions and counting · Latest decision July 17, 2026
7,177 decisions

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COMM

California Stevedore & Ballast Co.

Serious overloading hazard affirmed, container item vacated

California Stevedore discharged cargo from the S.S. Samoa Bear in San Francisco. It attempted to lift a five-ton pontoon with two booms rigged in a configuration understood in the industry to have about a two-and-a-half-ton capacity, and the gear failed, dropping the pontoon near several employees…

April 11, 1975
Mixed result
COMM

Hoffman Construction Co.

Radial-saw guard citation affirmed with reduced penalty

Hoffman Construction used a radial arm saw at the Trojan Nuclear Power construction project without a guard covering the full lower portion of the blade. The company argued that the installed replacement guard created binding, kickback, visibility, and flying-fragment hazards. The judge found that…

April 9, 1975
Citations affirmed
COMM

Everhart Steel Construction Company, Inc.

Roof-edge and grounding citations affirmed

An Everhart Steel employee worked at the edge of a flat roof thirty-two feet above the ground, leaning over the side to pass siding and other material to workers on a scaffold. The roof had no perimeter guard or other protective device. The Commission held that the open-sided-floor standard applied…

April 9, 1975
Citations affirmed
COMM

L. E. Myers Co.

Live-line tool citation vacated for inadequate notice and proof

An L. E. Myers lineman was fatally electrocuted while working on an energized distribution line with a hot stick whose hook spring was broken. The citation alleged that the defective tool was used within the required clearance, while the Secretary later introduced evidence about failures to inspect…

April 8, 1975
Citations vacated
COMM

Midwest Steel Fabricators, Inc.

Temporary abatement extension affirmed after its expiration

Midwest Steel Fabricators sought more time to correct two violations in an uncontested citation. The Secretary withdrew his objection to an extension through January 2, 1975, and the judge granted the request. The Commission affirmed the judge's decision without finding prejudicial error…

April 7, 1975
Procedural
COMM

Irvington Moore, Division of U.S. Natural Resources, Inc.

Press-brake guarding violation reinstated

Irvington Moore manufactured sawmill machinery and used a press brake, an ironworker, and two saws at its Oregon plant. The Commission held that the general point-of-operation guarding standard applied to the press brake even though the specific mechanical power-press standard excluded press brakes…

April 7, 1975
Mixed result
COMM

Gem-Top MFG., Inc.

Press-brake and saw-guarding citations affirmed with reduced penalties

Gem-Top manufactured metal canopy tops for pickup trucks at its Clackamas, Oregon, plant. OSHA cited the company for operating a radial saw and swing cutoff saw without required guards and for operating two press brakes without point-of-operation guards. The Commission adopted the judge's ruling…

April 7, 1975
Modified
COMM

Bethlehem Steel Corporation

Repeated scaffold citation vacated

A Bethlehem Steel electrical rigger fell to his death while performing maintenance work high above the floor on an overhead crane. OSHA alleged a repeated violation of the general scaffold rule and sought to add the general personal-protective-equipment rule because the employee was not wearing a…

April 3, 1975
Citations vacated
COMM

Charles Cohen, Inc.

Trenching cases remanded for merits findings

OSHA cited Charles Cohen, Inc. for allegedly failing to shore, slope, or otherwise support trenches in unstable or soft soil at two Dallas worksites. The judge dismissed both serious citations because they were issued more than three working days after the inspections. The Commission reversed…

April 2, 1975
Remanded
COMM

Charles Cohen, Inc.

Trenching cases remanded for merits findings

OSHA cited Charles Cohen, Inc. for allegedly failing to shore, slope, or otherwise support trenches in unstable or soft soil at two Dallas worksites. The judge dismissed both serious citations because they were issued more than three working days after the inspections. The Commission reversed…

April 2, 1975
Remanded
COMM

Mid-Plains Construction Company

Roof-fall case reinstated after pleading amendment

OSHA alleged that Mid-Plains Construction employees worked on a roof more than 25 feet above the ground without adequate fall protection. The citation initially relied on the general duty clause, but the Secretary's complaint amended the legal theory to the construction safety-net standard while…

April 2, 1975
Remanded
COMM

Betten Processing Corp.

General-duty crane citation vacated

Betten Processing used a crane to move scrap iron and steel at its Wisconsin facility. After the operator left the crane unattended with its engine running and its magnet resting on a scrap pile, the boom and magnet rotated into a truck cab and killed the driver. OSHA cited the company under the…

April 2, 1975
Citations vacated
COMM

Norfolk & Portsmouth Belt Line Railroad Co.

Five nonserious items affirmed and three vacated

Norfolk & Portsmouth Belt Line Railroad argued that it was exempt from the Occupational Safety and Health Act. The judge rejected that position except as to recordkeeping charges, following Commission precedent involving another railroad. The judge affirmed nonserious citation items 1 through 5…

April 1, 1975
Mixed result
COMM

North American Rockwell Corporation

Asbestos citation vacated for lack of employer knowledge

North American Rockwell manufactured asbestos-containing brake linings at its Ohio plant. OSHA sampling found that a grinder operator was exposed above the asbestos limits, but the company had previously commissioned three tests near the same machine that found no contamination problem. OSHA…

March 28, 1975
Citations vacated
COMM

Pratt & Whitney Aircraft, A Div. of United Aircraft Corp.

Locked-exit violation affirmed with reduced penalty

Pratt & Whitney assembled and tested rocket and jet engines in a large room that held as many as 150 employees and contained flammable liquids and several possible ignition sources. Six of the room's seven exits were locked for security, and employees were sometimes locked inside for ten to thirty…

March 25, 1975
Mixed result
COMM

Star Textile & Research, Inc.

Variances moot two contested citation items

Star Textile contested citation items requiring foreign-metal removal equipment on textile opener lines and overhead guards on powered industrial trucks. While the case was pending, the Secretary granted variances after determining that the company's alternative conditions were as safe as…

March 24, 1975
Mixed result
COMM

Sechrist-Hall Company

Three roof-safety cases remanded for merits decisions

OSHA issued serious fall-protection citations after Sechrist-Hall employees worked on three unguarded roof areas 16 or 22 feet above the ground. One site also produced a nonserious citation because a ladder did not extend 36 inches above the landing and had no grab rails. The judge vacated all…

March 20, 1975
Remanded
COMM

Pacific Gas & Electric Co.

Serious utility-pole citation reinstated

Pacific Gas & Electric sent a crew to transfer electrical conductors and transformers from a known rotted pole to a new pole. The subforeman repeatedly instructed two linemen to secure the old pole, but did not verify that they had done so and allowed them to work on it for about an hour. When the…

March 20, 1975
Citations affirmed
COMM

Yellow Freight System, Inc.

Toe-protection citation affirmed at freight dock

Yellow Freight operated a Tulsa terminal where employees loaded and unloaded freight weighing up to 6,000 pounds. Freight frequently fell from stacks, and forklifts had run over employees' toes on numerous occasions, but most employees did not wear toe protection. The judge vacated the citation…

March 20, 1975
Citations affirmed
COMM

Clasten Vaughn, dba Vaughn Roofing Co.

Roof-edge protection citation reinstated

Vaughn Roofing employees worked as close as 18 inches from the edge of an approximately 80-foot-high roof without safety belts, lanyards, or other fall protection. The Commission reinstated the serious personal-protective-equipment citation because the employer accepted that fall protection was…

March 20, 1975
Mixed result
COMM

Illinois Central Gulf Railroad Co.

Forty-six citation items vacated as untimely

OSHA cited 46 alleged safety, health, recordkeeping, and posting violations at Illinois Central Gulf Railroad's locomotive repair facility in Paducah, Kentucky. The inspection was coordinated with the Federal Railroad Administration, and the proposed citation moved through regional and national…

March 19, 1975
Citations vacated
COMM

Hydrate Battery Corp.

Lead overexposure affirmed as nonserious

Hydrate Battery manufactured lead-acid batteries at a small Virginia plant. OSHA sampled five employees for one eight-hour shift and found that each was exposed above the airborne-lead limit, with one result more than five times the limit. The Commission agreed that the standard was violated but…

March 19, 1975
Mixed result
COMM

Standard Transformer Co.

Paint-area abatement extension affirmed after deadline

Standard Transformer requested six additional months to correct citation items concerning paint spray areas after completing three of five areas and spending substantial sums on corrective systems. The Secretary did not oppose the request, and the judge extended the abatement date to January 1…

March 18, 1975
Procedural
COMM

Getty Oil Co.

Untested pressure-vessel citation affirmed

Getty Oil had a fluid-booster pressure vessel fabricated for installation at a Texas oil and gas facility. The experienced field mechanic responsible for the work learned that the vessel had not been pressure-tested but installed it without telling the company. The vessel ruptured immediately after…

March 17, 1975
Citations affirmed
COMM

Champion International Corp.

Machine-guarding item vacated after employee notice

Champion International contested only item 8 of a 13-item nonserious citation. The Secretary moved to dismiss that item because the facts did not establish a violation of the point-of-operation guarding standard, and the judge vacated it. The Commission reviewed whether affected employees had…

March 14, 1975
Mixed result
COMM

Kit Manufacturing Co.

Eye-protection failure-to-abate penalty vacated

Kit Manufacturing's uncontested original citation required eye protection for employees working around saws and routers that emitted wood chips and sawdust. OSHA later alleged that the company had not corrected the violation and proposed an additional $2,900 penalty. At the reinspection, the…

March 14, 1975
Citations vacated
COMM

M-CO Equipment Co., Inc.

Crane fire-extinguisher item reinstated

M-CO Equipment was installing a sewer line at an Arizona construction site. A required fire extinguisher for a crane was kept in a pickup truck normally about 150 feet away, and the truck moved around the worksite. The Commission held that this did not make the extinguisher accessible and available…

March 7, 1975
Mixed result
COMM

Oestreichers Prints, Inc.

Citation affirmed after withdrawal of contest

Oestreichers Prints decided to withdraw its notice of contest after correcting the violations and paying the penalty in full. Neither party appeared at the scheduled hearing because the company failed to submit the expected withdrawal motion and the Secretary relied on its assurance that it would…

March 6, 1975
Citations affirmed
COMM

Jersey Steel Drum MFG. Corp.

Drum-expander guarding citation vacated

Jersey Steel Drum used an automatic drum-hoop expander whose hydraulic rams formed ribs in steel drums. During weekly maintenance, a foreman entered between the rams without locking out the power, accidentally triggered the machine, and was killed. The Commission majority held that the cited…

March 5, 1975
Citations vacated
COMM

J. R. Simplot Co.

Swing-saw guarding violation affirmed

J. R. Simplot used a 20-inch metal-cutting swing saw equipped with an adjustable blade guard. The guard could comply when allowed to float on the material, but the judge found that employees normally secured it in a raised position that left the point of operation exposed. The raised guard left…

March 3, 1975
Citations affirmed
COMM

Arkansas-Best Freight System, Inc.

Toe-protection citation reinstated

Arkansas-Best operated a busy North Carolina freight terminal where dock workers handled freight ranging from light goods to castings, pipes, and 55-gallon drums while forklifts moved throughout the area. Repair-shop employees also handled heavy tools, parts, and large truck tires. The company did…

February 21, 1975
Citations affirmed
COMM

Underhill Construction Corp. & DIC Concrete Corp, d/b/a DIC Underhill, A Joint Venture

Ninth-floor safety-belt citation affirmed

Employees of the DIC-Underhill joint venture stacked and rigged plywood at the unguarded edge of a building's ninth floor. As a load shifted during hoisting, one employee moved to avoid it, stepped off the edge, and fell to his death. The judge found that perimeter railings could not remain in…

February 21, 1975
Citations affirmed
COMM

Crescent Wharf & Warehouse Co.

Hazardous-cargo warning violation affirmed

Crescent Wharf employees loaded bags of barium hydroxide monohydrate and insecticide onto a vessel at an Alameda, California, terminal. Some bags leaked, and employees who inhaled or contacted barium hydroxide dust experienced breathing difficulty, coughing, irritation, nausea, and eye symptoms…

February 21, 1975
Citations affirmed
COMM

Pyropak Manufacturing, Inc.

One abatement extension approved and three dismissed as late

Pyropak Manufacturing sought additional time to correct four nonserious citation items involving machinery and electrical conditions. The judge found the petition timely only for item 5 and extended that item's deadline to January 6, 1975. He dismissed the extension requests for items 6, 7, and 8…

February 20, 1975
Procedural
COMM

Eichleay Corp.

Safety-belt violation affirmed and scaffold allegation vacated

Eichleay employees removed temporary boards from inside a vertical power-plant duct about 50 feet above its bottom. A boilermaker foreman and a union steward recognized that the task was hazardous but performed it without available safety belts or lifelines, and the foreman fell to his death. The…

February 20, 1975
Mixed result
COMM

Copperweld Steel Co.

Bottomless slag-pot citation affirmed

Copperweld Steel used a bottomless slag pot with a temporary dolomite bottom to handle molten slag at temperatures near 3,000 degrees Fahrenheit. Employees, union representatives, the safety director, and other company supervisors repeatedly warned management that the pot was unsafe, but the…

February 18, 1975
Citations affirmed
COMM

Pack River Lumber Co.

Saw-guarding violation classified as serious

Pack River Lumber operated two swing cutoff saws and one radial-arm saw without guards on the lower portions of their blades. It also had numerous unguarded gears, chains, belts, and pulleys that created pinch-point hazards throughout the workplace. The judge affirmed both violations as nonserious…

February 18, 1975
Modified
COMM

Consolidated Aluminum Corporation

Coal-tar exposure item vacated

OSHA alleged that a Consolidated Aluminum employee was exposed to coal-tar pitch volatiles above the eight-hour limit. The company contested that item and its proposed $40 penalty. The Secretary later moved to withdraw because the company had made good-faith corrective efforts and the investigative…

February 14, 1975
Mixed result
COMM

Frank Galey, Jr., d/b/a Galey Construction Co.

Ladder item reinstated and trench violation classified as nonserious

Galey Construction installed drain pipe in a long trench that reached approximately 18 feet deep at its western end. The Commission affirmed a trenching violation as nonserious because the hard, compact soil was nearly sloped to the required angle and the record did not establish a substantial…

February 13, 1975
Mixed result
COMM

Western Metal Decorating Company

Stairway item reinstated and respiratory-protection item vacated

Western Metal Decorating Company decorated flat sheets of tin and steel using coating, printing, and baking lines. OSHA issued a 25-item citation covering conditions that included housekeeping, powered industrial trucks, flammable liquids, machinery, electrical equipment, employee eating areas, and…

February 13, 1975
Mixed result
COMM

Wayne Taysom & Eli Taysom, d/b/a Taysom Construction Company

Crane power-line violation affirmed with a $300 penalty

Taysom Construction was building a concrete bank vault and used a crane to move cement from a delivery truck to the vault. The crane boom contacted an energized 12,000-volt power line, and the delivery-truck driver was killed when current traveled through the crane cable and bucket. The judge found…

February 12, 1975
Mixed result
COMM

Davenport Brothers, Inc.

Trench and head-protection violations affirmed, penalty reduced to $200

Davenport Brothers sent two employees into a trench to repair a broken water line. The judge found that the trench was more than five feet deep and was not shored, braced, or sloped, and that neither employee wore protective headgear. The Commission affirmed the serious trenching violation and the…

February 10, 1975
Modified
COMM

Carolina Power and Light Company

Settlement approved with surplus order language stricken

OSHA cited Carolina Power and Light Company for allowing fly ash to accumulate on a floor in a load allegedly greater than the structure was designed or approved to support. The parties settled after the company moved to withdraw its notice of contest, represented that the condition had been…

February 7, 1975
Settled
COMM

Julius Nasso Concrete Corporation and Beach Concrete Company, Inc., a Joint Venture, d/b/a Nasso Beach Concrete

Citation vacated for lack of reasonable promptness

Nasso Beach Concrete was the concrete subcontractor on a high-rise apartment project. An employee installing perimeter guardrail protection on the sixteenth floor fell and died, and OSHA investigated the next day. The area director decided on December 26, 1972, to issue a citation concerning fall…

February 6, 1975
Citations vacated
COMM

Greguson's Nursery, Inc.

Limited contest made power-line citation final, penalty set at $100

Greguson's Nursery performed landscaping work, and one of its employees was electrocuted when the boom he was operating contacted an energized power line while he moved boulders. The employer's notice of contest expressly challenged only OSHA's proposed $600 penalty. The Commission held that the…

February 6, 1975
Modified
COMM

Laster and Fingeret, Inc.

Penalties imposed for eight admitted construction violations

Laster and Fingeret was the general contractor at a building project and admitted three serious and five nonserious construction violations. The cited conditions included missing stair and perimeter railings, unguarded floor openings, fire-extinguisher and first-aid deficiencies, unsecured gas…

February 4, 1975
Modified
COMM

C. N. Flagg & Company, Inc., d/b/a Northeastern Contracting Company

Serious trench violation affirmed, willful citation vacated

Flagg was installing sewer pipe in a trench more than 15 feet deep. The trench boxes and sheeting did not protect the bottom portion, where employees worked, and the Commission upheld the finding that the soil was unstable. It affirmed a serious trenching violation and its $700 penalty from the…

February 4, 1975
Mixed result
COMM

Carpenter Rigging and Contracting Corporation

Serious fall-protection violation reinstated with a $650 penalty

Carpenter Rigging was a subcontractor constructing an automated container warehouse at John F. Kennedy Airport. Two employees repositioned planking while standing on eight-inch girders about 21 feet above a concrete floor without safety belts or lanyards, and one employee fell and died. The…

February 4, 1975
Citations affirmed
COMM

Hoffman Construction Co.

Fall-protection violation affirmed, scaffold item vacated

Hoffman Construction employees installing concrete forms at a nuclear power project worked about 40 to 50 feet above the ground while wearing safety belts but not tying off their lanyards. The Commission found that most of the workers were stationary, could feasibly tie off, and faced a serious…

January 31, 1975
Mixed result
COMM

Bay Marina, Inc.

Forklift failure-to-abate penalty set at $315

Bay Marina sold, stored, and repaired boats using a forklift that had an added counterweight without the manufacturer's approval. The company admitted the powered-industrial-truck violations and failed to remove the counterweight by the abatement date, leaving only the additional penalty in…

January 31, 1975
Modified
COMM

Todd Shipyards Corp.

Three repeated ship-repair violations affirmed

Todd Shipyards was repairing the S/S OREGON MAIL when OSHA found an unguarded manhole, an obstructed passageway, and an employee working from a scaffold railing without fall protection. The judge found repeated violations of the manhole, housekeeping, and elevated-work standards because earlier…

January 31, 1975
Mixed result
COMM

Underhill Construction Corp.

Open-floor fall hazard affirmed for $700

Underhill Construction employees stripped concrete forms near unguarded perimeters on the 18th through 20th floors of a New York apartment project. The judge vacated the citation because contract negotiations began before the effective dates stated in a Construction Safety Act provision. The…

January 31, 1975
Citations affirmed
COMM

Dayton Tire & Rubber Co.

Recordkeeping duty covered supplied warehouse workers

Dayton operated a tire warehouse using about 65 workers supplied and paid by Manpower, Inc. Dayton selected the workers, trained and equipped them, controlled their schedules and assignments, supervised them, and could discipline or remove them. The Commission held that economic reality made Dayton…

January 29, 1975
Modified
COMM

California Rotogravure Co.

Storage-roof violation affirmed without penalty

California Rotogravure operated a printing plant where employees occasionally climbed onto an unguarded office roof to handle stored materials. The Commission held that the roof became a working platform when employees used it and affirmed the guardrail violation without a penalty. It vacated a…

January 28, 1975
Mixed result
COMM

A. B. Hall, d/b/a Dixie Roofing & Metal Co.

Roof citations reduced to nonserious

Dixie Roofing employees installed roofing around 12 unguarded openings and along unguarded edges about 15 to 16 feet above lower surfaces. They also used an unsecured wooden ladder several times each day to reach the roof. The judge affirmed all three violations but reduced the roof-opening and…

January 28, 1975
Modified
COMM

Badger Aluminum Extrusion Corp.

Acid-tank platform penalty restored

Badger Aluminum used an unguarded platform above a tank containing a five-foot depth of 15 percent sulfuric acid solution. An employee worked on the platform, creating a risk of falling into the tank. The judge affirmed a nonserious guardrail violation but vacated the proposed penalty because the…

January 27, 1975
Modified
COMM

Pratt & Whitney Aircraft, A Div. of United Aircraft Corp.

Loading-area general-duty citation vacated

Pratt & Whitney loaded tractor-trailers on a service road near a remote storage building, using forklifts for about 30 minutes at a time. Traffic was infrequent, moved slowly, and consisted mainly of company vehicles, while the forklifts and trucks used warning lights and employees followed safety…

January 27, 1975
Citations vacated
COMM

Uriel G. Ashworth

Masonry-wall shoring citation vacated

Ashworth was the masonry subcontractor on a school project where tall block walls remained unbraced before the roof trusses were installed. One wall collapsed during a weekend, and a second wall later collapsed, killing one worker and injuring several others. OSHA cited the masonry contractor under…

January 24, 1975
Citations vacated
COMM

Marine Terminals Corp.

Posted settlement approved without separate service proof

Marine Terminals contested only the two $125 penalties associated with its citation, so the citation itself had already become final. The parties agreed that OSHA would withdraw one proposed penalty and the employer would withdraw its contest to the other. The settlement was posted at the worksite…

January 23, 1975
Settled
COMM

Deemer Steel Casting Co.

Grinding-dust abatement stayed for variance review

Deemer Steel used portable grinders to clean castings without hoods or enclosures connected to an exhaust system. The parties agreed that no workable system had been arranged for the varied work positions, and the company began requiring respirators after the citation. The Commission affirmed the…

January 23, 1975
Mixed result

What these documents are

  • Commission decisions: Rulings by the Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission itself, the highest level of agency review. These are citable as Commission precedent, though a decision may have been appealed to a U.S. Court of Appeals after issuance.
  • ALJ decisions: Rulings by OSHRC Administrative Law Judges after a hearing. When no Commissioner directs review, an ALJ decision becomes a final order under 29 U.S.C. § 661(j): it binds the parties in that case but is not binding precedent in other cases.
  • Why finality matters: Every page here says which kind of decision you are reading, so you know whether it is precedent you can cite or a final order that only shows how one judge ruled on one set of facts.
  • Where they come from: Every page links the official OSHRC public release, and the full text on the page is that release. The plain-English summaries are written by Ezel.