Closing Argument Outline

1. Introduction

• Thank judge/jury for attention.
• Reintroduce theme: "This case has shown…"
• Briefly restate burden of proof and who carries it.

2. Roadmap

• Outline structure: facts, law, damages/relief.

3. Recap of Evidence Supporting Theory

A. Key Facts

• Summarize undisputed facts.
• Highlight witness testimony with citations to transcript/exhibits.

B. Credibility Analysis

• Emphasize strengths of your witnesses (consistency, corroboration).
• Address weaknesses and explain why they do not undermine case.
• Point out inconsistencies or motives affecting opposing witnesses.

C. Documentary/Physical Evidence

• Discuss critical exhibits and how they support each element.
• Use demonstratives or timelines as permitted.

4. Legal Framework

• Review elements of claims/defenses using jury instructions or legal standards.
• Apply evidence to each element, showing how burden is satisfied or not met.
• Address affirmative defenses and standards (e.g., comparative fault, mitigation).

5. Counterarguments

• Anticipate opposing counsel’s points.
• Rebut with evidence, logic, and jury instructions.

6. Damages/Relief

• Detail economic damages (medical expenses, lost wages, business losses) with calculations and supporting exhibits.
• Discuss non-economic damages (pain and suffering, reputation) with suggested range.
• For defense, argue lack of proof or reduced amounts.
• Explain punitive damages standards if applicable.
• Conclude with specific request: verdict form entries, monetary amounts, injunctive relief terms.

7. Jury Instructions/Verdict Form Walkthrough (if jury trial)

• Explain how to complete verdict form consistent with requested outcome.
• Highlight key instructions favoring your position.

8. Conclusion

• Restate theme and moral imperative.
• Call to action: "We ask you to return a verdict of…"
• Thank the factfinder again.

Delivery Tips

• Use persuasive storytelling while grounded in evidence.
• Maintain credibility by accurately referencing testimony.
• Employ visual aids or exhibits cleared during trial.
• Stay within allotted time; rehearse transitions.

Checklist

• ☐ Tailor argument to jury instructions/bench findings.
• ☐ Prepare exhibit numbers and transcript cites for quick reference.
• ☐ Coordinate allocation of arguments among trial team.
• ☐ Prepare rebuttal outline if entitled to final word.

Closing argument ties the evidence and law together to persuade the decision-maker. Customize this outline to the specifics of your case and jurisdiction.