Could a charity wine auction tax only the listed retail value and treat the winning bid's excess as a donation?

Plain-English summary

Sales tax was measured by the full winning bid at the wine auction, not merely the item's normal retail value listed in the program.

The result did not change because the auctioneer told bidders that proceeds would benefit a nonprofit charity or because bidders intended amounts above retail value as charitable contributions. Income-tax deductibility did not define California sales-tax gross receipts.

There was no general sales-tax exemption for an auction held for a nonprofit's benefit, and the foundation did not satisfy the specific charitable-sales conditions analyzed in the same opinion.

Common questions

Was the amount above retail value excluded as a donation?

No. It remained part of the auction sales price for the sales-tax analysis.

Did listing fair value in the program change the measure?

No. The full bid controlled.

Did the charitable beneficiary create a general exemption?

No. A specific statutory exemption was required.

Citations and references

• California Revenue and Taxation Code section 6051 — sales tax measured by retail gross receipts
• California Revenue and Taxation Code section 6091 — presumption that gross receipts are taxable
• California Revenue and Taxation Code sections 214 and 6375 and Regulation 1570 — welfare and charitable-sales exemption conditions considered and rejected
• Regulation 1597 — listed-organization exemptions considered and rejected
• Market Street Railway Co. v. California State Board of Equalization (1953 as printed), 137 Cal.App.2d 87, 96 [290 PO.2d 201 as printed] — statutory basis required for an exemption; the reporter citation resolves to the 1955 case
• Standard Oil Co. v. State Board of Equalization (1974) 39 Cal.App.3d 765, 769 [114 Cal.Rptr. 571] — taxpayer's burden to establish an exemption
• State Board of Equalization Pamphlet No. 18, “Volunteer and Nonprofit Fundraising Organizations” — cited as previously supplied with Regulations 1570 and 1597

Source

• Annotated Legal Opinions collection: https://cdtfa.ca.gov/taxes-and-fees/annotations-menu.htm
• Annotation page: https://cdtfa.ca.gov/lawguides/vol2/suta/165-0000-all.html
• Original supporting opinion: https://cdtfa.ca.gov/lawguides/annotations/165-0005.pdf

Original ruling text

165.0005

STATE OF CALIFORNIA

STATE BOARD OF EQUALIZATION

WILLIAM M. BENNETT
First District, Kentfield

1020 N STREET, SACRAMENTO, CALIFORNIA
(P.O. BOX 942879, SACRAMENTO, CALIFORNIA 94279-0001)
(916) 324-3828

BRAD SHERMAN
Second District, Los Angeles
ERNEST J. DRONENBURG, JR.
Third District, San Diego
MATTHEW K. FONG
Fourth District, Los Angeles

September 9, 1993

GRAY DAVIS
Controller, Sacramento

BURTON W. OLIVER
E xecutive Director

Mr. T--- H--D--- & T--XX --- Street
--- ---, CA XXXXX-XXXX
Re: [No Permit Number]
W--- C--- Championship
Sales Tax on Meals
Dear Mr. H---:
I am answering your letter to Assistant Chief Counsel Gary J. Jugum of July 1, 1993. Your client, S--- - C--- W---, has requested an opinion on the application of sales tax to a wine auction it will hold to benefit the M--- Foundation. I. FACTUAL BACKGROUND You describe the factual background as follows: "Through its W--- C--- Championship Charitable Foundation ["the Foundation"], our client ... is the primary sponsor of an annual W--- C--- Championship. The Foundation is a non-profit charitable organization qualified under Section 501(c)(3) off the Internal Revenue Code. The championship is a fundraiser for worthy charities. Currently, the funds raised are being transferred to the M--- Foundation. "A wine auction is held in conjunction with the championship. The auctioneer tells the audience that the proceeds will go to the M--- Foundation. The program lists the normal retail value of the wines. The audience is encouraged to place bids in excess of the value of the wine as a charitable contribution. For federal and state income tax purposes, amounts paid in excess of the normal retail value are considered to be deductible charitable contributions. We believe that this also should apply for purposes of determining the sales tax."

Mr. T--- H---

-2-

September 9, 1993
165.0005

Apparently, no tickets were sold to gain admittance to the auction. You set forth your argument for an exemption from sales tax for the sales made at this auction as follows: "The bidders were aware of the value of the wine. Their sole purpose in placing bids in excess of this value was to make a donation to a worthy cause. Since the retail values were stated in the program, we believe that the amounts bid in excess of the retail value were charitable contributions, not part of the sales price. Therefore, the measure of sale tax should be the retail value listed in the program rather than the winning bid." OPINION A.

Sales and Use Tax Generally.

In California, except where specifically exempted by statute, Revenue and Taxation Code Section 6051 imposes an excise tax, computed as a percentage of gross receipts, upon all retailers for the privilege of selling tangible personal property at retail in this state. (Unless otherwise stated, all statutory references are to the Revenue and Taxation Code.) "[I]t shall the presumed that all gross receipts are subject to tax until the contrary is established. The burden of proving that a sale of tangible personal property is not a sale at retail is upon the person who makes the sale ..." (§ 6091.) "Exemptions from taxation must be found in the statute." (Market St. Ry. Co. v. Cal. St. Bd. of Equal. (1953) 137 Cal.App.2d 87, 96 [290 PO.2d 201.]) The taxpayer has the burden of showing that he clearly comes within the exemption." (Standard Oil Co. v. St. Bd. of Equalization (1974) 39 Cal.App.3d 765, 769 [114 Cal.Rptr. 571].) B.

Tax Consequences to S--- - C--- W---.

There is no general exemption from sales tax for sales for the benefit of a non-profit organization. Certain restricted exemptions and partial exemptions are found in the statutes interpreted and implemented in Regulations 1570 and 1597. Since the Foundation is not any one of the organizations listed in Regulation 1597, the only exemption that could apply is found in Regulation 1570 which, in sub-division (a), sets out the four conditions that Section 6375 requires to be present before sales by charitable organizations are exempt from tax: "(1) The organization must be formed and operated for charitable purposes and must qualify for the 'welfare exemption' provided by Section 214. "(2) The organization must be engaged in the relief of poverty and distress. "(3) The organization's sales or donations must be made principally as a matter of assistance to the purchasers or donees in distressed financial condition.

Mr. T--- H---

-3-

September 9, 1993
165.0005

"(4) The property sold or donated must have been made, prepared, assembled, or manufactured by the organization." The Foundation is a fundraiser. It is not engaged in the relief of poverty or distress and does not make sales principally as a matter of assistance to the purchasers or doness in distresses financial condition. It thus does not qualify as a "charitable organization" for sales and use tax purposes. As a result, its sales at the wine auction are subject to tax measured by the full price at which they are sold-i.e., the auction price. We previously sent you with a copy of Pamphlet No. 18, "Volunteer and Nonprofit Fundraising Organizations," which contains copies of Regulations 1570 and 1597. I hope the above discussion has answered your question. If you need anything further, please do not hesitate to write again. Sincerely,

John L. Waid
Tax Counsel

JLW:es

cc:

Mr. T--- E--S--- - C--- W--XXXX --- Road
---, California XXXXX