Carlton W. Reeves

How Judge Reeves rules, drawn from 6 signed orders. Every observation links to the order it came from.

Court
U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Mississippi
Position
district
Appointed by
Barack Obama (Democratic)
Commissioned
2010-12-20
Education
Jackson State University (B.A., magna cum laude, 1986); University of Virginia School of Law (J.D., 1989)
Signed orders read
6

How Judge Reeves decides

Patterns drawn from this judge's own signed orders. Every observation links to the order it came from.

What persuades

On a qualified-immunity motion to dismiss, the judge drew a sharp line between a due-process notice claim (which survived) and an overlapping First Amendment retaliation claim (which did not), based on whether the governing law was clearly established at the time of the alleged misconduct rather than on the underlying facts.

“That means that at the time of Earl's actions, there was no clearly established law for him to violate. It is for this reason that Earl is entitled to qualified immunity on Papin's First Amendment retaliation claim.”

In an ERISA fiduciary-duty case, the judge treated the defendant's proposed affirmative defense as something that had to be proven later, not assumed at the pleading stage, and cited the parties' unequal access to information as a reason to hold plaintiffs to a lighter pleading burden.

“BTC next argues that it can prove an affirmative defense on a motion to dismiss. BTC is incorrect. ... The Fifth Circuit has reiterated that notice pleading is adequate because there is an imbalance in access to information in ERISA cases.”

Procedural preferences

The judge treats sur-replies as disfavored absent a genuinely new argument raised in the movant's reply brief, and will deny leave to file one even in a substantively active, hard-fought case.

“Without the need to address new arguments, ‘[s]urreplies are heavily disfavored by courts.’”

Cautions

He treats subject-matter jurisdiction as a continuing obligation and will revisit it on his own initiative even after substantial litigation and trial preparation if the complaint does not actually present a federal question.

“It would have been better to remand this case before trial commenced. All involved, including the undersigned, bear some responsibility for that. ... it is better to finally resolve the jurisdictional issue now than risk having everyone's work evaporate many years from now on appeal.”

Signed rulings

A grounded sample of orders signed by this judge, with the verbatim dispositive language.

Mayfield v. Butler Snow LLP
3:17-cv-00404 (341 F. Supp. 3d 664) · 2018-09-18
Motions to dismiss (defendant) Granted

“The bottom line is that Clark and Butler Snow had probable cause to believe that a crime had been committed. They are not liable for their report to the Madison Police Department.”

Papin v. University of Mississippi Medical Center
3:17-cv-00763 (347 F. Supp. 3d 274) · 2018-09-28
Motions to dismiss (defendant) Granted in part

“It is for this reason that Earl is entitled to qualified immunity on Papin's First Amendment retaliation claim. ... For these reasons, Papin's procedural due process claim in regards to notice survives the Motion to Dismiss and Earl is not entitled to qualified immunity.”

Harris v. Noxubee County
4:17-cv-00051 (350 F. Supp. 3d 592) · 2018-10-19
Summary judgment (defendant) Granted

“For the reasons stated below, summary judgment is granted in favor of Noxubee County and Betty Robinson and both motions for leave are denied.”

Blackwell v. Bankers Trust Company of South Dakota
3:18-cv-00141-CWR-FKB · 2019-03-29
Motions to dismiss (defendant) Denied

“Both motions are denied. The parties are instructed to contact the chambers of the Magistrate Judge within the next 10 days to set up a case management conference.”

Motion for leave to file surreply (plaintiff) Denied

“Both motions are denied.”

Jackson Women's Health Organization v. Dobbs
3:18-cv-00171 · 2019-05-24
Motion to supplement complaint (plaintiffs) Granted

“The motion to supplement is granted. The supplemental claims against S.B. 2116 will proceed as Part III of this case.”

Preliminary injunction (plaintiffs) Granted

“The plaintiffs' request for a preliminary injunction is GRANTED.”

Mississippi ex rel. Hood v. Entergy Mississippi, Inc.
3:08-cv-00780 · 2019-04-04

During the first week of a trial seeking more than $1 billion, Reeves revisited jurisdiction on his own initiative and remanded the state-law consumer-protection and antitrust case. He found that the complaint did not necessarily raise a disputed, substantial federal issue and explained that jurisdictional limits required remand despite the parties' preparation and the resulting inefficiency.

Caseload & timing

From public federal docket records for this judge.

  • Reeves carries a broad general civil and criminal docket in the Jackson division, including employment and civil-rights cases, ERISA disputes, federal and state habeas petitions, prisoner 1915 screening matters, and high-profile constitutional litigation; as of mid-2026 he continues to receive a steady flow of new case assignments.
  • The sample now spans both his early (2018-2020) and recent (2023-2025) dockets.

Draft for Judge Reeves with the record in hand

Ezel grounds your drafting and research in this profile: what has persuaded Judge Reeves, and what has not, cited to the signed orders.

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