Andrew Jay Kleinfeld

How Judge Kleinfeld rules, drawn from 34 signed orders. Every observation links to the order it came from.

Judge Kleinfeld no longer hears cases. This profile is preserved as a historical record of how they ruled.

Court
U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit
Position
circuit
Status
Retired 2025
Served
1991–2025
Appointed by
George H. W. Bush (Republican)
Commissioned
1991-09-16
Education
Wesleyan University (A.B., 1966); Harvard Law School (J.D., 1969)
Signed orders read
34

How Judge Kleinfeld decides

Patterns drawn from this judge's own signed orders. Every observation links to the order it came from.

What persuades

In a tax-penalty appeal, Kleinfeld treated Congress's mandatory wording as controlling. Because the statutory formula left no discretion to reduce the penalty absent reasonable cause, equitable concerns could not supply authority for a partial reduction.

“The statute uses mandatory language in all respects, leaving the IRS no discretion in deciding how much of a penalty to impose.”

In a criminal appeal, Kleinfeld focused on whether knowingly false testimony could have affected the verdict. The prosecution's delayed correction did not cure the due-process problem where the witness's credibility was central to a close case.

“The failure to correct prosecutorial testimony known to be false may have made a difference to the outcome in this case, so the conviction cannot stand.”

Reviewing an agency adjudication, Kleinfeld looked to the substance of the administrative finding instead of demanding a verbatim statutory recital. The agency had applied the circuit's framework, and the challenging party had declined an opportunity to offer evidence and proposed findings.

“That the ALJ followed our decisional framework rather than quoting the statute does not require reversal, particularly where the Director was invited to submit evidence and proposed findings and elected not to do so.”

In an environmental case, Kleinfeld upheld a limited injunction that balanced competing harms and permitted phased development while further review proceeded. The remedy fit the identified deficiency without automatically barring all activity.

“The district court did not abuse its discretion in issuing the partial injunction proposed by BLM because it provides an equitable resolution consistent with the purposes of NEPA.”

Cautions

In a habeas appeal, Kleinfeld enforced the certificate-of-appealability requirement as jurisdictional. A statutory restitution claim could not support a certificate reserved for a substantial showing of a constitutional violation.

“Because no certificate of appealability has been or could properly be issued, we lack jurisdiction over Mikels’ appeal.”

Signed rulings

A grounded sample of orders signed by this judge, with the verbatim dispositive language.

United States v. Solano
· 1993-12-01
Appeal (appellant (defendant William Solano)) Granted

“REVERSED.”

Ortolf v. Silver Bar Mines, Inc.
95-36152, 95-36160 · 1997-04-14
Appeal (appellant (defendants Silver Bar Mines / Wolske)) Granted

“We REVERSE, and VACATE the district court judgment, and REMAND for dismissal without prejudice to refiling in state court.”

King v. United States
· 1998-08-26
Appeal (appellant (plaintiffs Albert E. and Geraldine King)) Denied

“The district court granted the government's motion for summary judgment, and we affirm.”

United States v. Soueiti
· 1998-09-02
Appeal (appellant (defendant Bassam Soueiti)) Denied

“AFFIRMED.”

Oregon State University Alumni Ass'n v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue
96-70565, 96-70593 · 1999-10-04
Appeal (appellant (Commissioner of Internal Revenue)) Denied

“The money received from the affinity credit cards fell within the royalties exclusion from unrelated business income. AFFIRMED.”

State of Alaska v. Babbitt
· 1999-06-18
Appeal (appellant (plaintiff State of Alaska)) Granted

“We therefore REVERSE the judgment of the district court dismissing this case for lack of jurisdiction, and remand for such proceedings as may be appropriate.”

United States v. Merino
· 1999-09-13
Appeal (appellant (defendant Jorge Alberto Merino)) Granted

“The sentence is VACATED and the case is REMANDED to the district court for resentencing.”

Director, OWCP v. Coos Head Lumber & Plywood Co.
· 1999-10-21
Petition for review (petitioner (Director, Office of Workers' Compensation Programs)) Denied

“That the ALJ followed our decisional framework rather than quoting the statute does not require reversal, particularly where the Director was invited to submit evidence and proposed findings and elected not to do so. AFFIRMED.”

United States ex rel. Haycock v. Hughes Aircraft Co.
· 1996-10-21
Appeal (appellant (relator Don H. Haycock)) Moot / procedural

“Accordingly, Appellee's argument that the appeal should be dismissed as untimely is rejected. We have jurisdiction over the appeal.”

Stanley v. McCormick, Barstow, Sheppard, Wayte & Carruth (In re Donovan Corp.)
· 2000-06-07
Appeal (appellant (United States Trustee, Linda Ekstrom Stanley)) Granted

“REVERSED and REMANDED for further proceedings.”

United States v. Sandoval-Barajas
· 2000-03-13
Appeal (appellant (defendant Ramon Sandoval-Barajas)) Granted

“Because Sandoval-Barajas's Washington state conviction was not an aggravated felony for federal sentencing purposes, this case is REMANDED FOR RESENTENCING.”

United States v. LaPage
· 2000-11-02
Appeal (appellant (defendant Roger LaPage)) Granted

“The failure to correct prosecutorial testimony known to be false may have made a difference to the outcome in this case, so the conviction cannot stand. REVERSED.”

A historical record

Judge Kleinfeld no longer hears cases. This profile stays available as a record of how they ruled. If you're preparing for a matter, start from the court's current bench.