Susan L. Carney
How Judge Carney rules, drawn from 42 signed orders. Every observation links to the order it came from.
How Judge Carney decides
Patterns drawn from this judge's own signed orders. Every observation links to the order it came from.
What persuades
An acquittal can preclude a later prosecution when the first jury necessarily rejected a factual theory essential to the second case. The analysis identifies what the first verdict necessarily decided and then asks whether that determination is indispensable to the later charges.
“The conspiracy charge acquittal rejected the government’s interpretation of the evidence. Accordingly, the Double Jeopardy Clause barred Cole’s retrial, and his convictions must be reversed.”
After Dubin, using another person's identity must be central to the underlying fraud rather than an incidental detail. Merely placing a name on a document shown to coconspirators does not establish aggravated identity theft when the identity was not a key mover in the scheme.
“the mere appearance of Roytman’s name on a fraudulent invoice that Omotayo showed only to his coconspirators was hardly a ‘key mover’ in the wire fraud scheme.”
Procedural preferences
A collection-due-process review of tax penalties requires verification that the assessing employee obtained timely written supervisory approval. Silence in the administrative record cannot substitute for the statutory verification step.
“the Appeals Officer must verify that the IRS employee who determined the penalties obtained written supervisory approval”
A coordinated-fraud theory spread across hundreds of collection proceedings can support preliminary relief when fragmented litigation threatens inconsistent judgments and prevents presentation of a unified defense.
“the possibility of inconsistent judgments posed that risk, as did the possibility that Defendants’ allegedly fraudulent scheme would be obscured if GEICO had to assert its defense piecemeal in the more than 600 individual state collection proceedings.”
Cautions
Periodic administrative-segregation review must genuinely evaluate current evidence and changed behavior. Repeating a predetermined conclusion or mechanically reproducing prior reviews can create a triable procedural-due-process issue.
“review meeting when they have developed a pre-review conclusion that the inmate will be confined in Ad Seg no matter what the evidence shows.”
Signed rulings
A grounded sample of orders signed by this judge, with the verbatim dispositive language.
“We hold that the district court erred in granting summary judgment to SENA because a jury could reasonably find that SENA and UPM entered into an agreement to raise the price of publication paper, and that, as implemented, this agreement damaged plaintiffs. ... As to SEO, however, we conclude that the district court properly awarded it summary judgment ... Accordingly, we vacate the district court's judgment in part, affirm it in part, and remand the case for further proceedings consistent with this opinion.”
“We conclude that the proceeds are FICA wages. We therefore affirm the District Court's rejection of Gerstenbluth's refund claim and award of summary judgment to the Internal Revenue Service (‘IRS’). We further affirm the District Court's dismissal of Gerstenbluth's refund claim against Credit Suisse.”
“Accordingly, we certify two pivotal questions of New York law to the New York Court of Appeals, requesting its consideration of these questions in the first instance.”
“General Security asserts that we lack jurisdiction to entertain Acumen's appeal, arguing that the District Court's certification under Rule 54(b) was improper in that its partial judgment did not address separate 'claim[s] for relief.' We agree, and conclude that we must dismiss the appeal.”
“We further conclude that the statute of limitations barred the FSA claims of six of the eight plaintiffs. Although we affirm the FSA award as to the remaining two plaintiffs, we determine that the related attorneys' fee award must be recalculated ... Finally, we decide -- contrary to the district court -- that the statute of frauds does not preclude plaintiffs from pursuing their NYLL and contract claims against defendants. Accordingly, we remand to the district court for further proceedings on these state-law claims and for recalculation of the FSA-related attorneys' fees.”
“We conclude that an employee may premise a section 215(a)(3) retaliation action on an oral complaint made to an employer ... Accordingly, because the District Court denied Greathouse damages on his claim for retaliatory discharge based entirely on Lambert's rule, we vacate the judgment insofar as it relied on Lambert and remand the cause for further proceedings consistent with this opinion.”
“We agree. We also conclude that, upon further development of the factual record, Fulton may be able to demonstrate constitutionally unreasonable performance of his counsel during the plea process. Accordingly, we VACATE the judgment of the District Court and REMAND the cause for further proceedings.”
“For the reasons set forth below, we AFFIRM the judgment of the District Court. We conclude that the broad language of 1519 encompasses the creation of documents -- like the contracts at issue here -- that misrepresent the true nature of the parties' negotiations, when the documents are created in order to frustrate a possible future government investigation.”
“We conclude that the District Court erred in declining to vacate the judgment. ... we decide that the FSIA provides the sole basis for subject-matter jurisdiction over actions to enforce ICSID awards against a foreign sovereign. Because actions to enforce ICSID awards against a foreign sovereign fall within the FSIA's comprehensive scheme, plaintiffs pursuing such actions must satisfy the FSIA's procedural requirements.”
“For these reasons, the District Court's judgment is REVERSED and the cause is REMANDED for the entry of a revised judgment consistent with this opinion.”
“We are troubled by the implications of the evidence that NRP adduced in support of its claims. ... Nonetheless, as a matter of law, we conclude that NRP's damages claims fail. We therefore AFFIRM the District Court's judgment in favor of defendants.”
“The District Court was thus correct to conclude that Dhinsa has failed to make the required threshold showing under 2255(e). This threshold test is jurisdictional, however, and so the District Court erred insofar as it entered a judgment denying the petition on the merits. Accordingly, we VACATE that portion of the judgment and REMAND the case with instructions for the District Court to enter a judgment dismissing the petition for lack of jurisdiction.”
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