Two corporations preserve S status after missing separate QSST elections

Plain-English summary

A trust held an interest in one S corporation and later became a shareholder of another. Although the trust was represented to qualify as a QSST, its income beneficiary failed to make the separate QSST election required for each corporation. That omission terminated the first corporation's existing S election and made the second corporation's S election ineffective. Both corporations and their shareholders filed consistently with S corporation treatment and agreed to make any required adjustments. The IRS found the defects inadvertent and preserved both corporations' S status, conditioned on the beneficiary filing both QSST elections within 120 days with the proper effective dates.

Ruling snapshot

• Question: Were the S-election termination and ineffectiveness caused by missing QSST elections inadvertent?
• Outcome: Approved, conditioned on two QSST elections within 120 days
• Key authorities: IRC §§ 1361(d), 1362(d), 1362(f); Treas. Reg. § 1.1361-1(j)(6)

Full text (IRS public release)

Internal Revenue Service
Department of the Treasury
Washington, DC 20224

Number: 202548011
Release Date: 11/28/2025
Index Numbers: 1362.04-00, 1362.01-00,
1362.00-00, 1361.03-02

Third Party Communication: None
Date of Communication: Not Applicable

Person To Contact:
----------------------, ID No. -----------------

Telephone Number:

Refer Reply To:
CC:PTE:B3
PLR-101154-25
PLR-101155-25

Date:
July 17, 2025

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Legend

X = ----------------------------------

Y = -------------------------------------------

Trust = ----------------------------------------

State = ---------

Date 1 = --------------------------

Date 2 = ----------------------

Date 3 = ----------------

Date 4 = ----------------------

Date 5 = --------------------------

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Dear ------------------:

This letter is in response to your letter dated December 20, 2024, and
subsequent correspondence, submitted on behalf of X and Y by their authorized
representatives, requesting rulings under § 1362(f) of the Internal Revenue Code
(Code).

Facts

The information submitted states that X was incorporated under the laws of State
on Date 1 and elected to be an S corporation effective Date 2. On Date 3, Y was
formed as a State limited liability company and elected to be an S corporation effective
Date 4.

On Date 3, Trust was a member of Y. On Date 5, Trust became a shareholder of
X. X and Y represent that Trust was eligible to be a qualified subchapter S trust (QSST)
under § 1361(d) effective Date 3 and thereafter. However, the income beneficiary of
Trust failed to make an election under § 1361(d)(2) to treat Trust as a QSST effective
Date 5 with respect to X, and Date 4 with respect to Y. Consequently, X’s S corporation
election terminated on Date 5 and Y’s S corporation election was ineffective on Date 4.

X and Y represent that X and Y, and their shareholders, have filed all Federal tax
returns consistent with X and Y being S corporations for all relevant periods. X and Y
further represent that X and Y, and their shareholders, agree to make any adjustments
(consistent with the treatment of X and Y as S corporations) as may be required by the
Secretary.

Law and Analysis

Section 1361(a)(1) provides that the term “S corporation” means, with respect to
any taxable year, a small business corporation for which an election under § 1362(a) is
in effect for such year.

Section 1361(b)(1)(B) provides that the term “small business corporation” means
a domestic corporation which is not an ineligible corporation and which does not, among
other requirements, have as a shareholder a person (other than an estate, a trust
described in § 1361(c)(2), or an organization described in § 1361(c)(6)) who is not an
individual.

Section 1361(d)(1) provides that, in the case of a QSST with respect to which a
beneficiary makes an election under § 1361(d)(2) – (A) such trust shall be treated as a
trust described in § 1361(c)(2)(A)(i), (B) for purposes of § 678(a), the beneficiary of such
trust shall be treated as the owner of that portion of the trust which consists of stock in

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an S corporation with respect to which the election under § 1361(d)(2) is made, and
(C) for purposes of applying §§ 465 and 469 to the beneficiary of the trust, the
disposition of the S corporation stock by the trust shall be treated as a disposition by
such beneficiary.

Section 1361(d)(2)(A) provides that a beneficiary of a QSST (or his legal
representative) may elect to have § 1361(d) apply.

Section 1361(d)(2)(B)(i) provides that an election under § 1361(d)(2) shall be
made separately with respect to each corporation the stock of which is held by the trust.

Section 1361(d)(2)(B)(iii) provides that any election, or refusal, under
§ 1361(d)(2) shall be made in such manner and form, and at such time, as the
Secretary may prescribe.

Section 1361(d)(3) provides that, for purposes of § 1361(d), the term “qualified
subchapter S trust” means a trust – (A) the terms of which require that (i) during the life
of the current income beneficiary, there shall be only 1 income beneficiary of the trust,
(ii) any corpus distributed during the life of the current income beneficiary may be
distributed only to such beneficiary, (iii) the income interest of the current income
beneficiary in the trust shall terminate on the earlier of such beneficiary's death or the
termination of the trust, and (iv) upon the termination of the trust during the life of the
current income beneficiary, the trust shall distribute all of its assets to such beneficiary,
and (B) all of the income (within the meaning of § 643(b)) of which is distributed (or
required to be distributed) currently to 1 individual who is a citizen or resident of the
United States.

Section 1.1361-1(j)(6)(i) of the Income Tax Regulations provides, in part, that a
QSST election must be made separately with respect to each corporation whose stock
is held by the trust.

Section 1.1361-1(j)(6)(ii) provides that the current income beneficiary of a QSST
must make the election by signing and filing with the service center with which the
corporation files its income tax return, the applicable form or a statement that includes
the information listed in § 1.1361-1(j)(6)(ii)(A) through (E).

Section 1.361-1(j)(6)(iii) provides, in part, that a QSST election must be filed
within the time requirements of § 1.1361-1(j)(6)(iii)(A) through (D). Section 1.1361-
1(j)(6)(iii)((E) provides that if a corporation’s S election terminates because of a late
QSST election, the corporation may request inadvertent termination relief under
§ 1362(f).

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Section 1362(a) provides that, except as provided in § 1362(g), a small business
corporation may elect, in accordance with the provisions of § 1362, to be an S
corporation.

Section 1362(d)(2)(A) provides that an election under § 1362(a) shall be
terminated whenever (at any time on or after the 1st day of the 1st taxable year for
which the corporation is an S corporation) such corporation ceases to be a small
business corporation.

Section 1362(d)(2)(B) provides that any termination under § 1362(d)(2)(A) is
effective on and after the date of cessation.

Section 1362(f) provides, in part, that if (1) an election under § 1362(a) by any
corporation (A) was not effective for the taxable year for which made (determined
without regard to § 1361(b)(2)) by reason of failure to meet the requirements of
§ 1361(b), or (B) was terminated under § 1362(d)(2), (2) the Secretary determines that
the circumstances resulting in such ineffectiveness or termination were inadvertent;
(3) no later than a reasonable period of time after discovery of the circumstances
resulting in such ineffectiveness or termination, steps were taken so that the corporation
for which the election was made or the termination occurred is a small business
corporation, and (4) the corporation for which the election was made or the termination
occurred, and each person who was a shareholder of the corporation at any time during
the period specified pursuant to § 1362(f), agree to make the adjustments (consistent
with the treatment of the corporation as an S corporation) as may be required by the
Secretary with respect to such period, then, notwithstanding the circumstances resulting
in such ineffectiveness or termination, the corporation shall be treated as an S
corporation during the period specified by the Secretary.

Conclusion

Based solely on the facts submitted and the representations made, we conclude
that (1) X’s S corporation election terminated on Date 5 when the income beneficiary of
Trust failed to make a QSST election effective Date 5 with respect to X, and (2) Y’s S
corporation election was ineffective on Date 4 when the income beneficiary of Trust
failed to make a QSST election effective Date 4 with respect to Y.

Further, we conclude that the circumstances resulting in the termination of X’s S
corporation election and the ineffectiveness of Y’s S corporation election were
inadvertent within the meaning of § 1362(f). Therefore, under § 1362(f), (1) X will
continue to be treated as an S corporation from Date 5 and thereafter, provided X’s S
corporation election was otherwise valid and has not otherwise terminated
under § 1362(d) for reasons not addressed in this letter, and (2) Y will be treated as an
S corporation from Date 4 and thereafter, provided that Y’s S corporation election was

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otherwise valid and has not otherwise terminated under § 1362(d) for reasons not
addressed in this letter.

These rulings are conditioned on (1) the income beneficiary of Trust filing a
QSST election for Trust effective Date 5 with respect to X and, (2) the income
beneficiary of Trust filing a QSST election for Trust effective Date 4 with respect to Y.
The elections must be made with the appropriate service center within 120 days from
the date of this letter and a copy of this letter should be attached to each QSST election.

Except as expressly provided herein, we express or imply no opinion concerning
the tax consequences of any aspect of any transaction or item discussed or referenced
in this letter. Specifically, we express or imply no opinion regarding X or Y’s eligibility to
be S corporations, or Trust’s eligibility to be a QSST.

The rulings contained in this letter are based upon information and
representations submitted by the taxpayers and accompanied by a penalty of perjury
statement executed by an appropriate party. While this office has not verified any of the
material submitted in support of the requested rulings, it is subject to verification on
examination.

These rulings are directed only to the taxpayers requesting them. Section
6110(k)(3) of the Code provides that they may not be used or cited as precedent.

In accordance with a power of attorney on file with this office, we are sending a
copy of this letter to Taxpayers’ authorized representatives.

Sincerely,

Richard T. Probst
Senior Technician Reviewer, Branch 3
Office of the Associate Chief Counsel
(Passthroughs, Trusts, and Estates)

Enclosure:
Copy of this letter for § 6110 purposes

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PLR-101154-25 & PLR-101155-25

cc: ----------------------------

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