Inadvertent S corporation termination relief granted

Plain-English summary

An S corporation shareholder transferred shares to a trust instrument that created a separate trust to hold S corporation stock. The separate trust qualified to make a qualified subchapter S trust election, but its beneficiary did not file the election on time, making the trust an ineligible shareholder and terminating the corporation's S election. The IRS found the termination inadvertent and ruled that the corporation would continue to be treated as an S corporation. Relief requires the trust to file the QSST election within 120 days and the corporation to make a specified payment within 45 days. If either condition is not met, the ruling is void.

Ruling snapshot

• Question: Will the corporation retain S status after a trust beneficiary failed to file a timely QSST election?
• Outcome: Approved, conditioned on a QSST election within 120 days and a specified payment within 45 days
• Key authorities: IRC §§ 1361(c)(2), 1361(d), 1362(a), 1362(d)(2), 1362(f)

Full text (IRS public release)

Internal Revenue Service Department of the Treasury
Washington, DC 20224

Number: 202441001 Third Party Communication: None
Release Date: 10/11/2024 Date of Communication: Not Applicable
Index Number: 1362.01-03
Person To Contact:
------------------------------ ----------------------, ID No. -----------------

---------------------------------------- Telephone Number:
------------------------- --------------------
----------------------------- Refer Reply To:
CC:PSI:B03
PLR-100256-24
Date:
July 03, 2024

Legend

X = ------------------------------
------------------------

A = -----------------------
---------------------------

State = ----------

Trust 1 = ------------------------------
------------------------

Trust 2 = ------------------------------------------------------------
-------
------------------------

Date 1 = --------------------------

Date 2 = ----------------------

Date 3 = ----------------------

$m = ---------------

Dear ------------:

PLR-100256-24 2

   This responds to a letter dated December 6, 2023, submitted on behalf of X by

X’s authorized representatives, requesting a ruling under § 1362(f) of the Internal
Revenue Code (Code).

                                      FACTS

  According to the information submitted and representations within X was

incorporated under the laws of State on Date 1 and elected to be taxed as an S
corporation on Date 2.

   A, a shareholder of X, transferred a number of shares of X to Trust 1 on Date 3.

X represents that Trust 1 was not an eligible shareholder of X and was not eligible to
make a Qualified Subchapter S Trust (QSST) election under § 1361(d)(3). However,
Trust 1’s trust instrument provided for the creation of a separate trust if it ever held any
stock in an S corporation. Pursuant to provisions of Trust 1’s trust instrument, Trust 2
was formed on Date 3 upon the transfer of shares of X and held the transferred shares
of X. X represents that Trust 2 was eligible to make a QSST election under
§ 1361(d)(3) effective Date 3. However, the beneficiary of Trust 2 failed to timely make
a QSST election in order for it to be an eligible S corporation shareholder of X. Thus,
Trust 2 was an ineligible shareholder of X on Date 3, causing X’s S election to
terminate effective on Date 3.

 X represents that Trust 2 has at all times met the requirements of qualifying as a

QSST under § 1361(d)(3), other than the filing of a timely QSST election under
§ 1361(d)(2).

   X further represents that the circumstances resulting in the termination of X’s S

corporation election were inadvertent and were not motivated by tax avoidance or
retroactive tax planning. Additionally, X represents that X and its shareholders have
filed and as necessary amended, or will amend, all returns to be consistent with X’s
status as an S corporation. X and its shareholders agreed to make any adjustments
(consistent with the treatment of X as an S corporation) as may be required by the
Secretary.

                              LAW AND ANALYSIS

    Section 1361(a)(1) provides that the term “S corporation” means, with respect to

any taxable year, a small business corporation for which an election under § 1362(a) is
in effect for such year.

  Section 1362(b)(1)(B) defines a “small business corporation,” in part, as a

domestic corporation that is not an ineligible corporation and that does not have as a
shareholder a person (other than an estate, a trust described in § 1361(c)(2), or an
organization described in § 1361(c)(6)) who is not an individual.

PLR-100256-24 3

    Section 1361(c)(2)(A)(i) provides that, for the purposes of § 1362(b)(1)(B), a

trust all of which is treated (under subpart E of part I of subchapter J of chapter 1) as
owned by an individual who is a citizen or resident of the United States is a permitted S
corporation shareholder.

   Section 1361(d)(1) provides that a QSST whose beneficiary makes an election

under § 1361(d)(2) will be treated as a trust described in § 1361(c)(2)(A)(i) and the
beneficiary of such trust shall be treated as the owner (for purposes of § 678(a)) of that
portion of the trust which consists of stock in an S corporation with respect to which the
election under § 1361(d)(2) is made.

     Section 1361(d)(3) defines a QSST as a trust (A) the terms of which require that

(i) during the life of the current income beneficiary, there shall be only one income
beneficiary of the trust; (ii) any corpus distributed during the life of the current income
beneficiary may be distributed only to such beneficiary; (iii) the income interest of the
current income beneficiary in the trust shall terminate on the earlier of the beneficiary’s
death or the termination of the trust; and (iv) upon the termination of the trust during the
life of the current income beneficiary, the trust shall distribute all of its assets to that
beneficiary, and (B) all of the income (within the meaning of § 643(b)) of which is
distributed (or required to be distributed) currently to one individual who is a citizen or
resident of the United States.

   Section 1.1361-1(j)(6)(ii) provides that the current income beneficiary of the trust

must make the election by signing and filing with the service center with which the
corporation files its income tax return the applicable form or a statement that meets the
requirements of § 1.1361-1(j)(6)(ii)(A) through (E).

   Section 1.1361-1(j)(6)(iii) provides that the QSST election must be filed within

the time requirements of § 1.1361-1(j)(6)(ii)(A) through (E).

  Section 1362(a) provides that a small business corporation may elect to be an S

corporation.

   Section 1362(d)(2)(A) provides that an election under § 1362(a) will be

terminated whenever (at any time on or after the 1st day of the 1st taxable year for
which the corporation is an S corporation) such corporation ceases to be a small
business corporation.

    Section 1362(f) provides, in relevant part, that if (1) an election under § 1362(a)

by any corporation was terminated under § 1362(d)(2) or (3); (2) the Secretary
determines that the circumstances resulting in such termination were inadvertent; (3)
no later than a reasonable period of time after discovery of the circumstances resulting
in the termination, steps were taken so that the corporation for which the termination
occurred is a small business corporation; and (4) the corporation for which the

PLR-100256-24 4

termination occurred, and each person who was a shareholder of the corporation at
any time during the period specified under § 1362(f), agrees to make the adjustments
(consistent with the treatment of the corporation as an S corporation) as may be
required by the Secretary for that period, then, notwithstanding the circumstances
resulting in such termination, the corporation shall be treated as an S corporation
during the period specified by the Secretary.

                                 CONCLUSION

  Based solely on the facts submitted and representations made, we conclude that

X’s S corporation election terminated on Date 3 because Trust 2 was an ineligible
shareholder due to the failure to file a QSST election. We further conclude that the
termination on Date 3 was inadvertent within the meaning of § 1362(f). X will be treated
as continuing to be an S corporation from Date 3 and thereafter, provided that X’s S
corporation election is valid and not otherwise terminated under § 1362(d).

   This relief is contingent on Trust 2 filing a QSST election with the appropriate

service center, within 120 days from the date of this letter effective Date 3. A copy of
this letter should be attached to the QSST election.

  Furthermore, as an adjustment under § 1362(f)(4), X must send a payment of $m

with a copy of this letter within 45 days from the date of this letter to the following
address:

  Internal Revenue Service
  Kansas City Service Center
  333 W. Pershing Road
  Kansas City, MO 64108
  Stop 7777
  Attn: Manual Deposit

   If the above conditions are not met, then this ruling is null and void. Furthermore,

if these conditions are not met, X must notify the service center with which it filed its S
corporation election that its election terminated on Date 3.

   Except as specifically ruled above, we express or imply no opinion concerning

the federal tax consequences of the facts described above under any other provision of
the Code and the regulations thereunder, including whether X was otherwise a valid S
corporation, or whether Trust 2 is a valid QSST within the meaning of § 1361(d)(3).

  The rulings contained in this letter are based upon information and

representations submitted by the taxpayer and accompanied by a penalty of perjury
statement executed by an appropriate party. While this office has not verified any of the
material submitted in support of the ruling request, it is subject to verification on
examination.

PLR-100256-24 5

These rulings are directed only to the taxpayer requesting them. Section 6110(k)(3) of
the Code provides that it may not be used or cited as precedent.
Pursuant to the power of attorney on file with this office, we are sending a copy
of this letter to X’s authorized representatives.

                                      Sincerely,




                                      Robert D. Alinsky
                                      Branch Chief, Branch 3
                                      Office of the Associate Chief Counsel
                                      (Passthroughs & Special Industries)

Enclosure
Copy of this letter for § 6110 purposes

cc: