Supporting organization was reclassified as a private foundation

Plain-English summary

A tax-exempt charitable trust had been classified as a supporting organization under Section 509(a)(3). The IRS found that the supported charity did not appoint or share the trust's governing body, had no significant voice over its investments or grants, and received only limited information from the trust. The trust therefore failed the Type I, Type II, and Type III relationship requirements, including the Type III notification and responsiveness tests. It also failed the public-support tests under Sections 509(a)(2) and 170(b)(1)(A)(vi) because it relied mostly on investment income. The IRS reclassified it as a private non-operating foundation, while leaving its Section 501(c)(3) exemption in effect.

Ruling snapshot

• Question: Did the charitable trust still qualify as a supporting organization or another publicly supported charity?
• Outcome: reclassified as a private non-operating foundation
• Key authorities: IRC §§ 170(b)(1)(A)(vi), 501(c)(3), 509(a), 4940, 4942, and 4945; Treas. Reg. §§ 1.170A-9(f)(2) and 1.509(a)-4

Full text (IRS public release)

Department of the Treasury Date:
Internal Revenue Service 12/12/2023
IRS Tax Exempt and Government Entities Taxpayer ID number (last 4 digits):
Form:
Release Number: 202412011 Tax periods ended:
Release Date: 3/22/2024
UIL Code: 501.03-00 Person to contact:
Name:
ID number:
Telephone:
Fax:

Last day to file petition with United
States Tax Court:

CERTIFIED MAIL - Return Receipt Requested

Dear

This is a final determination regarding your foundation classification. This modifies our letter dated

, in which we determined that you were an organization described in Internal Revenue
Code (IRC) Section 509(a)(3). This letter modifies your foundation status to a private non-operating
foundation section 509(a) effective

Your tax-exempt status under IRC Section 501(c)(3) is not affected. Grantors and contributors may
rely on this determination unless the Internal Revenue Service publishes a notice to the contrary.
Because this letter could help resolve any questions about your private foundation status, please
keep it with your permanent records.

We previously provided you a report of examination explaining the proposed modification of your
tax-exempt status. At that time, we informed you of your right to contact the Taxpayer Advocate, as
well as your appeal rights. On , you signed Form 6018, Consent to Proposed Action, in
which you agreed to the modification of your foundation classification to a private non-operating
foundation. This is a final determination letter with regards to your federal tax-exempt status under

Section 509(a).

Because you are a , you are required to file

. If you have not already filed these returns and you have not received instructions for filing
substitute , you should file these returns with the appropriate Service Center for the tax
year ending : , and for all tax years thereafter in accordance with the instructions of
the return.

If you are subject to the tax on unrelated business income under IRC Section 511, you must also file
an income tax return on Form 990-T, Exempt Organization Business Income Tax Return.

What you must do if you disagree with this determination
If you want to contest our final determination, you have 90 days from the date this determination letter
was mailed to you to file a petition or complaint in one of the three federal courts listed below.

How to file action for declaratory judgment

If you decide to contest this determination, you may file an action for declaratory judgment under the
provisions of IRC Section 7428 in one of the following three venues: 1) United States Tax Court, 2) the
United States Court of Federal Claims, or 3) the United States District Court for the District of
Columbia.

Please contact the clerk of the appropriate court for rules and the appropriate forms for filing petitions
for declaratory judgment by referring to the enclosed Publication 892, How to Appeal an IRS
Determination on Tax-Exempt Status. You may write to the courts at the following addresses:

United States Tax Court

400 Second Street, NW
Washington, DC 20217
ustaxcourt.gov

US Court of Federal Claims
717 Madison Place, NW
Washington, DC 20005
uscfc.uscourts.gov

US District Court for the District of Columbia
333 Constitution Avenue,

NW Washington, DC 20001

dcd.uscourts.gov

You may also be eligible for help from the Taxpayer Advocate Service (TAS). TAS is an
independent organization within the IRS that can help protect your taxpayer rights. TAS can offer
you help if your tax problem is causing a hardship, or you've tried but haven't been able to resolve
your problem with the IRS. If you qualify for TAS assistance, which is always free, TAS will do
everything possible to help you. Visit www.taxpayeradvocate.irs.gov or call 877-777-4778.

Taxpayer Advocate assistance can’t be used as substitute for established IRS procedures,
formal appeals processes, etc. The Taxpayer Advocate is not able to reverse legal or technically
correct tax determination, nor extend the time fixed by law that you have to file a petition in
Court. The Taxpayer Advocate can, however, see that a tax matter that may not have been
resolved through normal channels gets prompt and proper handling.

You can get any of the forms or publications mentioned in this letter by calling 800-TAX- FORM
(800-829-3676) or visiting our website at www.irs.gov/forms-pubs.

If you have any questions about this letter, please contact the person whose name and telephone
number are shown in the heading of this letter.

Sincerely,
Lynn A. Brinkley \
Director, Exempt Organizations Examinations

Enclosures:
Publication 892
How to Appeal an IRS Determination
on Tax-Exempt Status

introduction

U.S. tax law grants the Internal Revenue Service the authority to determine which organizations meet the criteria for tax-
exempt status and which do not. This power applies to new applicants as well as existing groups that— in the view of the
IRS ~ are no longer complying with the law.

The tax laws also provide the right of appeal for organizations that disagree with a proposed adverse determination by
the IRS.

You may appeal when you don't agree with the IRS's proposed:

* determination about your initial qualification for tax-exempt status or other request (such as certain changes in
foundation classification).
* determination that you do not qualify for tax-exempt status, as the result of an audit.

* determination to change your Internal Revenue Code (IRC) Section 501(c)(3) organization’s foundation
classification, as the result of an audit.

Certain appeals rules apply. See Special Considerations below.

Appeals are considered by the Appeals Office, an independent function within the IRS. The appeals process offers an
opportunity to resolve disputes before they lead to litigation.

This publication helps explain the steps involved and how the system works.

If We Propose an Adverse Determination as to Your Request for Initial Qualification of Tax ~
Exempt Status or Certain Other Requests

If we review your request and determine you don't meet the requirements, we'll issue you a proposed adverse
determination letter. This letter will explain why you don't meet the requirements.

If you disagree with the letter, you may appeal the determination by submitting a protest.

If you submit a protest, the Exempt Organizations Rulings and Agreements office will first review the protest. If it
determines that the information you submitted with your protest demonstrates that you meet the requirements of your
requested determination, that office will send you a favorable determination letter. If that office maintains its adverse
position, it may send you a revised proposed adverse letter discussing your rights or it will forward your protest and your
determination case file to the Appeals Office.

If We Propose an Adverse Determination as to Your Tax-Exempt Status as the Result of an Audit

If, after auditing you, we determine that you do not qualify for tax-exempt status, we may propose an adverse
determination as to your exempt status.

We'll notify you of the proposed adverse determination by letter. You may then appeal by filing a protest or request a
conference with the manager of the [RS employee who issued the letter. lf after meeting with the manager you agree with
the proposed adverse determination, we'll ask you to sign a consent form. By signing a consent, you do not waive your
rights to file a suit for declaratory judgment, discussed below. If you still disagree after the conference, you may exercise
your appeal rights by filing a protest. You have 30 days from the date of the IRS's letter to file the protest.

If We Propose an Adverse Determination as to Your Foundation Classification as the Result of an
Audit

If, after auditing you, we determine that your foundation classification is incorrect, we may propose a change to your
foundation classification.

For example, if you're classified as a publicly supported organization under IRC Sections 509(a)(1) and 170(b)(1)(A) (vi),
but the level of public support reported on your return doesn't meet the required public support tests, we might propose
that you be reclassified as a private foundation.

We'll notify you of the proposed adverse determination by letter. You may then appeal by filing a protest or request a
conference with the manager of the IRS employee who issued the letter. If after meeting with the manager you agree with
the proposed adverse determination, we'll ask you to sign a consent form. By signing a consent, you do not waive your
rights to file a suit for declaratory judgment, discussed below. If you still disagree after the conference, you may exercise
your appeal rights by filing a protest. You have 30 days from the date of the IRS’s letter to file the protest.

Special Considerations

Limits on appeals rights apply in some cases. The right to an appeal or an appeals conference does not apply in cases
where a delay in the proceedings would harm the interests of the IRS. These cases might include fraud, jeopardy, the
statute of limitations or where other immediate action is necessary to protect the interests of the government.

The statute of limitations is the last day the IRS can legally assess a proposed tax that could arise from a proposal to
revoke a tax-exempt status or other change. Generally, IRS policy requires at least 365 days remaining on the statute
of limitations when a case is received in Appeals. The IRS will ask you to agree to extend this date if additional time is
needed to meet the required number of days.

Filing a Protest

To appeal a proposed adverse determination, you must file your protest statement within 30 days of the date of the formal
written letter from the IRS (sometimes called a “30-day letter”). Your protest should include:

* your organization’s name, address, employer identification number (EIN) and a daytime phone number.

* a statement that the organization wants to protest the proposed determination.

* a copy of the 30-day letter showing the findings that you disagree with (or the date and IRS office symbols from
the letter).

* an explanation of your reasons for disagreeing, including any supporting documents.
* the law or authority, if any, on which you are relying.
You must also state if you want an Appeals Conference.

Include the following declaration with your protest statement:

“Under penalties of perjury, | declare that | have examined this protest statement, including
accompanying documents, and to the best of my knowledge and belief, the statement contains all
relevant facts, and such facts are true, correct and complete.”

The protest statement should be signed by an officer of your organization or your representative. Submit your protest
and any supporting documents to the address shown on the letter.

Note: The Internal Revenue Code provides that a court will not issue a declaratory judgment unless the court
determines that you have exhausted your administrative remedies. If you don't file a protest with respect to an adverse
determination, the court may determine that you have not exhausted your administrative remedies.

Representation

A principal officer or trustee may act on behalf of your organization at any level of appeal. Or you may authorize an
attorney, certified public accountant or individual enrolled to practice before the IRS to represent you. In that case,

you need to file Form 2848, Power of Attorney and Declaration of Representative. The IRS will then authorize your
representative to file written responses and execute consents, agreements and — in certain circumstances — returns on
your behalf and communicate directly with him or her about your case. For more information, see Publication 947,
Practice Before the IRS and Power of Attorney.

If the protest is signed by your representative, a so-called substitute declaration also must be included stating that the
representative prepared the protest and any accompanying documents, and personally knows (or does not know) that
the statement of facts in the protest and any accompanying documents are true and correct.

After You File Your Protest

The Appeals Office is the dispute resolution forum of the IRS. It is separate from — and independent of — Exempt
Organizations and other IRS divisions. Most disputes can be settled through the Appeals Office. But if you cannot reach
an agreement with the Appeals Office, you may be able to take your case to federal court, assuming that you meet certain
procedural and jurisdictional requirements.

If you believe that your disputed issue has not been addressed in published precedent or has been treated inconsistently
by the IRS, you may ask that it be referred to the Associate Chief Counsel (Tax Exempt and Government Entities)
(TEGE) office for advice or guidance. The Associate Chief Counsel (TEGE) will consider the issue and render a written
decision in the form of a technical advice memorandum. You can request Associate Chief Counsel consideration at any
time, whether your case is in Exempt Organizations or in Appeals.

Note: A decision rendered in a technical advice memorandum that concerns your tax-exempt status or foundation
Classification generally is final and binding on Appeals. If the decision concerns any other issue, it's binding on Appeals
only if it’s favorable to you. If the decision is unfavorable, Appeals can reach its own conclusion.

Appeals Office conferences are informal so that you, your representative and the Appeals officer can engage in a
frank discussion of the issues in dispute. There is no sworn testimony, and no stenographer is present to record the
discussions. Matters alleged as fact must be submitted in the form of an affidavit or declared to be true under penalty of

perjury.
If the Appeals officer considers the issues amenable to settlement, the Appeals officer will ask you to submit an offer of

settlement or the Appeals officer will propose the terms of a settlement. If you agree to settle, you'll be asked to sign a
settlement agreement form.

Taking Your Dispute to Court

If a settlement can’t be reached as to the proposed adverse determination, you will receive a letter stating the final
decision and telling you the deadline for filing a pleading in court.

Declaratory Judgments Relating to Tax-Exempt Status and Classification of Organizations

Once you receive the letter, you have the right to petition the U.S. Tax Court, the U.S. Court of Federal Claims or the U.S.
District Court for the District of Columbia for a declaratory judgment as to your qualification for exempt status or your
classification as a private foundation or publicly supported organization. If the court rules in your favor, the IRS must abide
by the court’s decision.

For information about appealing taxes owed or refunds, see Publication 5, Your Appeals Rights and How to Prepare a
Protest If You Don't Agree. For employment taxes, see Publication 5146, Employment Tax Returns: Examinations and
Appeal Rights.

The court cannot issue you a declaratory judgment unless you file an appropriate petition or complaint with the court
within 90 days of the date of our final determination letter. The court must also find that you exhausted all administrative
remedies available to you within the IRS.

United States Tax Court

To initiate a declaratory judgment action in U.S. Tax Court, file a petition titled “Petition for Declaratory Judgment (Exempt
Organization)” with the court clerk at: United States Tax Court, 400 Second Street, N.W., Washington, DC 20217.

contain, contact the Office of the Clerk by mail at 400 Second Street NW, Washington, DC 20217-0002, or by phone at
202-521-0700.

Publication 892 (Rev. 2-2017) Catalog Number 46844C Department of the Treasury Internal Revenue Service www.irs.gov

Form 886-A Department of the Treasury — Internal Revenue Service Schedule number
. or exhibit
(May 2017) Explanations of Items
Name of taxpayer Tax Identification Number (last 4 digits) | Year/Period ended
ISSUE:
1.) Does qualify as a Type

III functionally integrated supporting organization under IRC Section 509(a)(3)?

2.) Does qualify asa
publicly supported organization defined under IRC Section 509(a)(2)?

3.) Does qualify as a
publicly supported organization defined under IRC Sections 509(a)(1) and 170(b)(1)(A)(vi)?

FACTS:
The was established on ; ,as an

for the benefit of , an organization exempt under section 501(c)(3) of
the Internal Revenue Code. The was granted exemption under IRC Section 501(c)(3) pursuant to a
ruling dated ; . It was determined that the was not a private foundation because it met the

definition of a public charity under IRC section 509(a)(3).

Under the Pension Protection Act of 2006 (PPA) supporting organizations are classified as Type I, Type II, or
Type III supporting organizations. Since its initial determination, the has not received an initial
determination classifying them as a Type, I, II or III supporting organization. Before enactment of the PPA,
one way of satisfying the responsiveness test, under Treas. Reg. § 1.509(a)-4(i)(2)(iii), required that

(1) the supporting organization be a charitable trust under state law,

(2) each publicly supported organization that the trust supports be named as a beneficiary under the
charitable trust's governing instrument, and

(3) each beneficiary organization have the power to enforce the trust and compel an accounting under
State law.

This method of satisfying the responsiveness test was effectively removed by the PPA. Section 1241(c) of the
PPA eliminated the charitable trust test, effective August 17, 2007. Consequently, as of August 17, 2007, a
charitable trust can no longer qualify as a Type III supporting organization unless it meets the significant

voice test.

The requires that after payment of all administrative expenses, of income shall be
accumulated, and the remaining shall be distributed to , provided that
continues to qualify as an exempt organization. The states that any
or resulting from termination of the must be exempt under IRC section

501(c)(3) of the revenue code.

Catalog Number 20810W Page 1 www.irs.gov Form 886-A (Rev. 5-2017)

Form 886-A Department of the Treasury — Internal Revenue Service Schedule number
(May 2017) Explanations of Items or exhibit
Name of taxpayer Tax Identification Number (last 4 digits) | Year/Period ended
The states that the is created and shall be operated exclusively for charitable, religious or
educational purposes; that no part of the shall inure to the benefit of any private individual; and that no
part of the activities of the shall consist of carrying on propaganda or otherwise attempting to influence

legislation or of participating in, intervening in (including the publication or distribution of statements), any
political campaign on behalf of any candidate for public office.

On its filed Form for year ending , , the states that it was not a
because it met the requirements of a Type III Functionally Integrated Supporting Organization as defined in

IRC section 509(a)(3).

On the same Form _, the listed as the organization.
isa described in section

For the year ending , , the reported total revenue of comprised mostly of

( income, contributions netted against in
loss).
The uses a as its tax year. Although it receives occasional small from the
grantor’s family, it relies mostly on income. The table below summarizes the information reported
on the *s Form for years :
In response to Information Document Request I and during conversations with the *s

and the following information was communicated regarding the

’s relationship with

Catalog Number 20810W Page 2 www.irs.gov Form 886-A (Rev. 5-2017)

886-A Department of the Treasury — Internal Revenue Service Schedule number
Form . or exhibit
(May 2017) Explanations of Items
Name of taxpayer Tax Identification Number (last 4 digits) | Year/Period ended

* There is no overlap in the governing body of the and
* does not appoint the ’s officers or and does not exert any
influence or control over the
* has no authority with respect to the administration and operation of the
The is completely independent in the manner it the *s , in setting the °S
and , in selecting to and and in the timing of
. can make no demands on how the operates,
and held or how and when the makes
. The forwards an accounting statement of the and transactions at the beginning
of each year to , Vice President of . No other

information is included; no other statements are sent during the year and no investment strategy,
transaction or asset allocation or performance reviews are conducted.

* The calculates the amount of distributable funds and makes distributions to
, usually during the of each
. The *s main point of contact at is , WP

Administrative Assistant.

. The made a distribution of to on , , based on the
*s available

As an exempt organization, ’s are widely available for public
inspection. Based on the latest publicly available information, total expenses for the
year ending ; , Was . The organization’s total assets for that period totaled

. The ’s distribution to was less than of

expenses.
LAW:

IRC Section 501(c)(3) requires tax exempt entities be organized and operated exclusively for religious,
charitable, scientific, testing for public safety, literary or educational purposes, to foster national and amateur
sports competition and prevention of cruelty to children or animals.

Treas. Reg. 1.501(c)(3)-1(a)(1) provides that in order to be exempt as an organization described under section
501(c)(3) of the Code, an organization must be both organized and operated exclusively for one or more
purposes specified in such section. If an organization fails to meet either the organizational test or the
operational test, it is not exempt.

Catalog Number 20810W Page 3 www.irs.gov Form 886-A (Rev. 5-2017)

Schedule number

Form 886-A Department of the Treasury — Internal Revenue Service or exhibit
(May 2017) Explanations of Items
Name of taxpayer Tax Identification Number (last 4 digits) | Year/Period ended

Treas. Reg. 1.501(c)(3)-1(c)(1) provides that an organization will be regarded as operated exclusively for one
or more exempt purposes only if it engages primarily in activities which accomplish one or more of such
exempt purposes specified in section 501(c)(3). An organization will not be so regarded if more than an
insubstantial part of its activities is not in furtherance of an exempt purpose.

IRC Section 509(a) defines the term “private foundation” to mean any domestic or foreign organization
described in section 501(c)(3) other than an organization described in section 509(a)(1), (2), (3) or (4).
Organizations which fall into the categories excluded from the definition of “private foundation” are generally
those which either have broad public support or actively function in a supporting relationship to such
organizations. Organizations which test for public safety are also excluded.

Organizations described in IRC Section 501(c)(3) that meet the requirements of IRC Section 509(a)(3) are
commonly referred to as "supporting organizations.”

IRC Section 509(a)(3) provides that certain “supporting organizations” (in general, organizations that provide
support to another section 501(c)(3) organization that is not a private foundation) are classified as public
charities rather than private foundations. To qualify as a supporting organization, an organization must meet

all three of the following tests:

(A) it must be organized and always operated exclusively for the benefit of, to perform the functions of, or
to carry out the purposes of one or more “publicly supported organizations.” In general, supported
organizations of a supporting organization must be publicly supported charities described in sections
509(a)(1) or (a)(2) (the “organizational and operational tests” — Treasury Regulation 1.509(a)-4(b));

(B) it must not be controlled directly or indirectly by one or more disqualified persons (as defined in
section 4946) other than foundation managers and other than one or more publicly supported
organizations (the “control test” — Treasury Regulation 1.509(a)-4(j)); and

(C) it must be operated, supervised, or controlled by or in connection with one or more publicly
supported organizations (the “relationship test” — Treasury Regulation 1.509(a)-4(f));

Organizational Test:
Treas. Reg. 1.509(a)-4(b)(1) provides that a supporting organization must be organized exclusively for the
benefit of, to perform the functions of, or to carry out the purposes of one or more specified supported

organizations.

Treas. Reg. 1.509(a)-4(c)(1), provides that to qualify for classification under IRC Section 509(a)(3), a
supporting organization’s governing instrument must meet the following requirements:

1. The first requirement limits the organization’s purposes to supporting one or more supported
organizations and may not contain any provisions inconsistent with these purposes.

Catalog Number 2081 0W Page 4 www.irs.gov Form 886-A (Rev. 5-2017)

Form 886-A Department of the Treasury — Internal Revenue Service Schedule number
. hibit
(May 2017) Explanations of Items re

Name of taxpayer Tax Identification Number (last 4 digits) | Year/Period ended

2. Treas. Reg. Section 1.509(a)-4(c)(1) states that the organization must not empower itself to engage in
activities that are not in furtherance of the authorized purposes.

3. The third requirement calls for the supporting organization to specify the publicly supported
organization they are supporting.

4.Treas. Reg. 1.509(a)-4(c)(1)(iv) states an organization must not be empowered to support or benefit any
organization other than the specified publicly supported organizations.

Operational Test:

Treas. Reg. 1.509(a)-4(e)(1) provides that a supporting organization will be regarded as operated exclusively
to support one or more specified publicly supported organizations only if it engages solely in activities which
may include making payments to or for the use of, or providing services or facilities for, individual members
of the charitable class benefited by the specified publicly supported organization.

Treas. Reg. 1.509(a)-4(e)(2) provides that a supporting organization may also satisfy the operational test by
using its income to carry on an independent activity or program, which supports or benefits the specified
publicly supported organization(s) which is called permissible activities.

Treas. Reg. 1.509(a)-4(e)(3) states that the supporting organization may carry on its own programs designed
to support or benefit the specified publicly supported organization. Supporting organizations may also engage
in fund raising activities, such as fund-raising dinners and unrelated trade or business to raise funds for the
supported organization or their permissible beneficiaries.

Control Test:

To qualify for IRC Section 509(a)(3) classification, Treas. Reg. 1.509(a)-4(j) requires the organization to
satisfy the control test. It’s designed to prevent the supporting organization’s being controlled, directly or
indirectly, by disqualified persons as defined in IRC Section 4946, except for Section 509(a)(1) or (2)
organizations and a manager of the supporting organization who is not a disqualified person for another
reason.

If a person is a disqualified person with respect to a supporting organization, he or she will continue to be a
disqualified person even if a supported organization appoints or elects that person to be a director, trustee, or
officer of the supporting organization. Disqualified persons include the following:

* Substantial contributor

* Certain 20 percent owners

* Family members

* Corporations, partnerships, etc.

Catalog Number 20810W Page 5 www.irs.gov Form 886A (Rev. 5-2017)

Form 886-A Department of the Treasury — Internal Revenue Service Schedule number
. or exhibit
(May 2017) Explanations of Items
Name of taxpayer Tax Identification Number (last 4 digits) | Year/Period ended
Relationship Test:

Treas. Reg. 1.509(a)-4(f)(2) provides that, to satisfy the relationship test, a supporting organization must hold
one of three statutorily described close relationships with the supported organization. The organization must
be:

(i) operated, supervised, or controlled by a publicly supported organization (commonly referred to as
“Type I’ supporting organizations).

A Type I supporting organization must be operated, supervised or controlled by its supported organization(s),
typically by giving the supported organization(s) the power to regularly appoint or elect a majority of the
directors or trustees of the supporting organization. The relationship between the supported organization(s)
and the supporting organization is sometimes described as a parent-subsidiary relationship. Treas. Reg.
1.509(a)-4(g)(1)(i) states that the “operated, supervised, or controlled by” relationship is established if the
majority of the officers, directors, or trustees of the supporting organization are appointed or elected by the
governing body, members of the governing body, officers acting in their official capacity, or the membership
of one or more publicly supported organizations.

(ii) supervised or controlled in connection with a publicly supported organization (commonly referred to
as “Type IT” supporting organizations)

Treas. Reg. Section 1.509(a)-4(h) states the distinguishing feature of the “supervised or controlled in
connection with” relationship is the presence of common supervision or control among the governing bodies
of the supporting and supported organizations. This is often described as a “brother-sister” relationship, as
distinguished from the “parent-subsidiary” relationship required for Type I, “operated, supervised, or
controlled by” organizations. Type II is also distinguished from the Type III, “operated in connection with,”
relationship. The common supervision or control provided in the Type II relationship ensures that the
supporting organization will be responsive to the needs of the supported organization.

(iii) Operated in connection with, one or more publicly supported organizations (commonly referred to as
“Type III’ supporting organizations).

A Type III supporting organization must be operated in connection with one or more publicly supported
organizations. All supporting organizations must be responsive to the needs and demands of and must
constitute an integral part of or maintain significant involvement in, their supported organizations. Type I and
Type II supporting organizations are deemed to accomplish these responsiveness and integral part
requirements by virtue of their control relationships. However, a Type III supporting organization is not
subject to the same level of control by its supported organization(s). Therefore, in addition to a notification
requirement, Type III supporting organizations must pass separate responsiveness and integral part tests.
The third relationship type was revised by the Pension Protection Act (PPA) of 2006, which made significant
changes in Type III requirements to ensure that supporting organizations are responsive to the needs and

Catalog Number 20810W Page 6 www. irs.gov Form 886-A (Rev. 5-2017)

Form 886-A Department of the Treasury — Internal Revenue Service Schedule number
. r exhibit
(May 2017) Explanations of Items “om

Name of taxpayer Tax Identification Number (last 4 digits) | Year/Period ended

demands of and must constitute an integral part of or maintain significant involvement in, their supported
organizations.

Notification Requirement

Type III supporting organizations has a notification requirement that applies to both FISOs and non-FISOs.
Treas. Reg. 1.509(a)-4(i)(2) states that for each taxable year, a type III supporting organization must provide
the following documents to each of its supported organizations:

* A written notice addressed to a principal officer of the supported organization describing the
type and amount of all of the support the supporting organization provided to the supported
organization during the supporting organization's taxable year immediately before the taxable
year in which the written notice is provided (and during any other taxable year of the
supporting ending after December 28, 2012, for which such support information has not
previously been provided);

* A copy of the supporting organization's most recently filed Form 990, “Return of Organization
Exempt from Income Tax,” or other annual information return required to be filed under section
6033; and

* A copy of the supporting organization's governing documents in effect on the date of the
notification is provided, including its articles of organization and bylaws (if any) and any
amendments to those documents, unless the documents have been previously provided and not
subsequently amended.

Responsiveness Test

The responsiveness test requires that the Type III supporting organization be responsive to the needs or
demands of the publicly supported organizations. In order to meet this test, Treas. Reg. 1.509(a)-4(i)(3)(ii)
states that a supporting organization must demonstrate that:

a. one or more officers, directors, or trustees of the supporting organization are elected or appointed
by the board members of the supported organization, or;

b. one or more board members of the governing body of the supported organization are also officers,
directors, or trustees of, or hold other important officers in the supporting organization, or;

c. the supporting organization's officers, directors, or trustees maintain a close and continuous
working relationship with the officers, directors, or trustees of the supported organization.

In addition, the supported organization must demonstrate a significant voice in the supporting organization's
investment policies, the timing of grants, the manner of making grants, and the selection of grant recipients by

such supporting organization, and in otherwise directing the use of the income or assets of the supporting
organization.

Treas. Reg. 1.509(a)-4(i)(3)(iv) provides examples of responsiveness test.

Example 2.

Catalog Number 20810W Page 7 www. irs.gov Form 886-A (Rev. 5-2017)

Form 886-A Department of the Treasury — Internal Revenue Service Schedule number

. or exhibit
(May 2017) Explanations of Items
Name of taxpayer Tax Identification Number (last 4 digits) | Year/Period ended

Y is an organization described in section 501(c)(3) and is a trust under State law. The trustee of Y (Trustee) is
a bank. Y supports charities P, Q, and R, each an organization described in section 509(a)(1). Y makes annual
cash payments to P, Q, and R. Once a year, Trustee sends to P, Q, and R the cash payment, the information
required under paragraph (i)(2) of this section, and an accounting statement. Trustee has no other
communication with P, Q, or R. Y does not meet the responsiveness test of this paragraph (i)(3).

In Rev. Rul. 75-437, 1975-2 C.B. 218 it was held that an exempt charitable trust, established solely to provide
college scholarships to county high school graduates, that is trusteed by an independent bank trustee, is a
private foundation and not a supporting organization within the meaning of section 509(a)(3) of the Code. It
was further held that the responsiveness test was not satisfied because the publicly supported organizations do
not have a significant voice in the investment policies of the trust or the timing and making of grants.

Integral Part Test

Treas. Regs. 1.509(a)-4(i)(1)(iii) provides that, the integral part test requires the Type III supporting
organization maintain significant involvement in the operations of one or more publicly supported
organizations, and that such publicly supported organizations are in turn dependent upon the supporting
organization for the type of support which it provides. There are two alternative methods for satisfying the
integral part test: “functionally integrated” or “non-functionally integrated”. Both the notification
requirement and the responsiveness test are the same for Functionally integrated type III supporting
organization (FISOs) and Non-functionally Integrated type III supporting organization (Non-FISOs), the
integral part test is different for FISOs and non-FISOs.

Functionally Integrated (FISO) requirements:

Treas. Regs. 1.509(a)-4(i)(4) states that a supporting organization will be considered functionally integrated if
it engages in activities substantially all of which directly further the exempt purposes of one or more
supported organization. The supporting organization must engage in the activities of or carry out the purposes
of the supported organization. The activities are those which the supported organization would have otherwise
performed.

The supporting organization must satisfy one of these three tests for functionally integrated:

* Activities test
* Parent of supported organizations
* Supporting a governmental entity

1. Activities Test (Treas. Reg. § 1.509(a)-4(i)(4)(i)(A)

Treas. Reg. § 1.509(a)-4(i)(4)(i)(A) states for an organization to satisfy the integral part test for a
functionally integrated Type III supporting organization is to engage in activities substantially all of
which directly further the exempt purposes of one or more supported organizations to which the
supporting organization is responsive and which, but for the involvement of the supporting
organization, would normally be engaged in by the supported organization(s).

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* Direct furtherance prong (Treas. Reg. § 1.509(a)-4(i)(4)(ii)
Substantially all of the supporting organization’s activities must be direct furtherance activities.

Direct furtherance activities are conducted by the supporting organization itself, rather than by a
supported organization.

Fundraising, managing non-exempt-use assets, grant-making to organizations, and grant-making to
individuals (unless it meets certain requirements) are not direct furtherance activities.

* But for prong: Treas. Reg. § 1.509(a)-4(i)(4)(i)(A)(2)

In addition, substantially all of such activities must be activities in which, but for the supporting
organization’s involvement, the supported organization would normally be involved.

2. Parent of Supported Organizations (Treas. Reg. § 1.509(a)-4(i)(4)(i)(B)

* Governance: The supporting organization must have the power to appoint a majority of the officers,
directors or trustees of each of its supported organizations.

* Substantial degree of direction. In addition, the supporting organization must perform “parent-like”
activities by exercising a substantial degree of direction over the policies, programs and activities of
the supported organizations.

3. Supporting a Governmental Entity (Treas. Reg. § 1.509(a)-4(i)(4)(i)(C)

Notice 2014-4,2014-2 IRB 274) provides that a Type III Supporting organization will be treated as
meeting the requirements of Treas. Reg. §1.509(a)-4(i)(4), and hence will be treated as functionally
integrated, if it:

* Supports at least one supported organization that is a governmental entity to which the supporting
organization is responsive within the meaning of §1.509(a)-4(i)(3); and

* Engages in activities for or on behalf of the governmental supported organization that perform the
functions of, or carry out the purpose of, that governmental supported organization and that, but for
the involvement of the supporting organization, would normally be engaged in by the governmental
supported organization itself.

Non-Functionally Integrated (Non-FISO) requirements:

The integral part test for a Non-FISO is in Treas. Reg. Section 1.509(a)-4(i)(5). In general, a non-FISO must
satisfy both a distribution requirement (Treas. Reg. Section 1.509(a)-4(i)(5)(ii)), and an attentiveness
requirement (Treas. Reg. Section 1.509(a)-4(i)(5)(iii)).

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* The supporting organization must pay substantially all of its income to or for the use of the publicly
supported organization(s).

* The amount of support received by the supported organization(s) must be sufficient to ensure the
attentiveness (attentiveness requirement) of such organizations to the operations of the supporting
organization.

* A substantial amount of total support of the supporting organization must go to those publicly
supported organizations that meet the attentiveness requirement.

Rev. Rul. 76-208, 1976-1 C.B. 161 defines “substantially all” for purposes of the integral part test as at least
85 percent and prohibits counting accumulating income even if it must be paid to the supported organization.

Distribution Requirement

A Type III Non-FISO must distribute its “distributable amount” each taxable year to or for the use of one or
more supported organizations. The distributable amount for a taxable year is an amount equal to or the greater
of either:

a) Eighty-five percent of the supporting organization’s adjusted net income for its prior taxable year,
reduced by the amount of taxes imposed on the supporting organization under subtitle A of the Internal
Revenue Code during the immediately preceding taxable year, or

b)The “minimum asset amount” (as defined in Treas. Reg. Section 1.509(a)-4 (i)(5)(ii)(C)), which equals
3.5 percent of the excess of the aggregate fair market value of the supporting organization’s non-
exempt-use assets in the taxable year immediately before the taxable year of the required distribution,
over the acquisition indebtedness for the non-exempt-use assets, with certain adjustments.

Attentiveness Requirement

Each taxable year, a Non-FISO must distribute one-third or more of its distributable amount to one or more
supported organizations that are attentive to the operations of the supporting organization and to which the
supporting organization is responsive as stated in Treas. Reg. Section 1.509(a)-4(i)(5)(iii)(A). A supported
organization is attentive to the operations of the supporting organization during a taxable year if at least one of
the following requirements is satisfied:

(1) The supporting organization distributes to the supported organization amounts equaling or exceeding
10% of the supported organization’s total support for the prior taxable year. (Treas. Reg. Section
1.509(a)-4(i)(5)(iii)(B)(1)); or

(2) The amount of support received from the supporting organization is necessary to avoid interruption
of a function or activity of the supported organization. The support is considered necessary if it is
earmarked for a particular program or activity, as long as the program is a substantial one. (Treas. Reg.
Section 1.509(a)-4(i)(5)(iii)(B)(2)); or

(3) Based on all facts and circumstances, the amount of support received is a sufficient part of a
supported organization’s total support to ensure attentiveness. Pertinent factors include the number of

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supported organizations, the length and nature of relationships, and the purpose to which funds are
applied. (Treas. Reg. Section 1.509(a)-4(i)(5)(iii)(B)(3)).

IRC Section 509(a)(2) provides that in order for an organization to be recognized as a public charity
organization described under this section, it must satisfy both of the following tests:

* The One-Third Support Test described in Section 509(a)(2)(A) must normally receive more than one-
third of its support from any combination of gifts, grants, contributions, membership fees, and gross
receipts from permitted sources. and

* The Not-More-Than-One Third Support Test described in Section 509(a)(2)(B) must normally
receive not more than one-third of its support from gross investment income and the excess of the
amount of unrelated business taxable income over the amount of taxes imposed by Section 511.

These two tests are designed to ensure that an organization excluded from classification as a private
foundation under Section 509(a)(2) is responsive to the general public rather than to a limited number of
donors or other persons.

IRC Section 170(b)(1)(A)(vi) describes an organization "Which normally receives a substantial part of its
support from a governmental unit...or from direct or indirect contributions from the general public."

Treasury Regulation section 1.170A-9(f)(2) states that an organization is publicly supported if at least 33 1/3
percent of its support is received from grants from governmental units, and direct or indirect support from the

general public.
Private Foundation Requirements and Chapter 42 Excise Taxes (in part)

IRC Section 508(e)(1) states, a private foundation shall not be exempt from taxation under section 501(a)
unless its governing instrument includes provisions the effects of which are — (A) to require its income for
each taxable year to be distributed at such time and in such manner as not to subject the foundation to tax
under section 4942, and (B) to prohibit the foundation from engaging in any act of self-dealing (as defined in
section 4941 (d)), from retaining any excess business holdings (as defined in section 4943(c)), from making
any investments in such manner as to subject the foundation to tax under section 4944, and from making any
taxable expenditures (as defined in section 4945(d)).

Taxes on Net Investment Income
IRC Section 4940(a) imposes a tax equal to 1.39 percent of the net investment income of a private

foundation for the taxable year, with respect to the carrying on of its activities.

IRC Section 4940(c)(1) defines net investment income, for purposes of exempt private non-operating
foundations, as the sum of the gross investment income and the capital gain net income that exceeds the
deductions allowed by this section, except to the extent inconsistent with the provisions of this section.

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IRC Section 4940(c)(2) defines gross investment income, for purposes of paragraph (1), as the gross amount
of income from interest, dividends, rents, payments with respect to securities loans (as defined in IRC Section
512(a)(5)), and royalties.

Taxes on Failure to Distribute Income

Initial Taxes on Private Foundations

IRC Section 4942(a) imposes a tax equal to 30 percent on the undistributed income of a private foundation
for any taxable year, which has not been distributed before the first day of the second taxable year following
such taxable year.

IRC Section 4942(c) defines undistributed Income as the amount by which the distributable amount for such
taxable year, exceeds the qualifying distributions made before such time out of such distributable amount.
IRC Section 4942(d) defines distributable amount as an amount equal to the sum of the minimum investment
return plus the amount described in subsection (f)(2)(C), reduced by the sum of the taxes imposed on such
private foundation for the taxable year under subtitle A and section 4940.

IRC Section 4942(e) defines minimum investment return is 5 percent of the excess of the aggregate fair
market value of all assets of the foundation other than those which are used (or held for use) directly in
carrying out the foundation's exempt purpose, over the acquisition indebtedness with respect to such assets
(determined under section 514(c)(1) without regard to the taxable year in which the indebtedness was
incurred).

IRC Section 4942(g)(1) defines qualifying distribution as any amount (including the portion of

reasonable and necessary administrative expenses) paid to accomplish one or more purposes described in
section 170(c)(2)(B), other than any contribution to an organization controlled by the private foundation or
one or more disqualified persons, or to a private foundation which is not an operating foundation.

Taxes on Taxable Expenditures

Initial Taxes on Private Foundations

IRC Section 4945(a)(1) imposes on each taxable expenditure (as defined in IRC Section 4945(d)) an initial tax
equal to 20 percent of the amount thereof. The tax imposed by this paragraph shall be paid by the private
foundation.

IRC Section 4945(d)(4) states in part, for purposes of this Section, the term “taxable expenditure” means any
amount paid or incurred by a private foundation for as a grant to an organization unless

(A) such organization (i) is described in paragraph (1) or (2) of section 509(a), (ii) is an organization
described in section 509(c)(3), or (iii) is an exempt operating foundation.

(B) the private foundation exercises expenditure responsibility with respect to such grant in accordance
with section 4945(h).

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IRC Section 4945(d)(5) states in part, for purposes of this Section, the term “taxable expenditure” means any
amount paid or incurred by a private foundation for any purpose other than one specified in IRC Section
170(c)(2)(B).

IRC Section 170(c)(2)(B) lists the following purposes: religious, charitable, scientific, literary,
educational, to foster national or international amateur sports competition ..., or for the prevention of cruelty
to children or animals.

Filing Form 4720

Treas. Regs. 53.6011-1(b) states, in part, that every person (including a governmental entity) liable for tax
imposed by IRC Sections 4941 (a), 4942(a), 4943(a), 4944(a), [or] 4945(a)... and every private foundation ...
which has engaged in an act of self-dealing (as defined in IRC Section 4941(d)) (other than an act giving rise
to no tax under IRC Section 4941(a)) shall file an annual return on Form 4720, “Return of Certain Excise
Taxes Under Chapters 41 and 42 of the Internal Revenue Code,” and shall include therein the information
required by such form and the instructions issued with respect thereto. .... In the case of any tax imposed by
IRC Section 4942(a), the annual return shall be filed with respect to each act (or failure to act) for each year
(or part thereof) in the taxable period... In the case of a tax imposed by IRC Section 4945(a), ... the annual
return shall be filed with respect to each act for the year in which such act giving rise to liability occurred.

Treas. Regs. 1.6033-2(a)(2)(ii)(J) states in the case of a private foundation liable for tax imposed under
chapter 42, such information as is required by Form 4720.

TAXPAYER’S POSITION:

Taxpayer’s position has not been provided.

GOVERNMENT’S POSITION — ISSUE 1

The doesn’t meet the definition of a supporting organization in Treas. Reg. 1.509(a)-4. There are three
types of supporting organizations:

* Type I - operated, supervised, or controlled by,
* Type II - supervised or controlled in connection with, and
* Type IIl - operated in connection with, one or more publicly supported organizations.

A supported organization is expected to have a say in the operation of the supporting organization as to the
investment policies and how the grants are made, to whom, and at what amounts.

Type I is defined in Treas. Reg. 1.509(a)-4(g). The relationship required under any one of these terms is
comparable to that of a parent and subsidiary, where the subsidiary is under the direction of, and accountable

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a)

or responsible to, the parent organization. This relationship is established by the fact that a majority of the
officers, directors, or trustees of the supporting organization are appointed or elected by the governing body,
members of the governing body, officers acting in their official capacity, or the members of one or more
publicly supported organization.

Type II is defined in Treas. Reg. 1.509(a)-4(h). It requires common supervision or control by the persons
supervising or controlling both the supporting organization and the publicly supported organization. The last
sentence of paragraph (h)(1) states: “Therefore, in order to meet such requirement, the control or management
of the supporting organization must be vested in the same persons that control or manage the publicly
supported organizations”.

Type III is defined in Treas. Reg. 1.509(a)-4(i). It requires that it meet the notification requirement, the
responsiveness test, and the integral part test. The first step to determine if an organization qualifies under
IRC Section 509(a)(3) is to see if it meets the definition of type I, II, or III.

To qualify as a Type I supporting organization, the officers, directors, or trustees of the supporting
organization are appointed or elected by the governing body, members of the governing body, officers acting
in their official capacity, or the membership of one or more publicly supported organizations. The Trust does
not have board members which are on the board of the supported organization. Because the sole trustee in this

case isa , the is neither operated, supervised, or controlled by, nor supervised or controlled in
connection with the publicly supported church. The does not meet the definition of a Type I
organization.

To qualify as a Type II supporting organization the supported and supporting organizations must be controlled
or managed by the same persons. Treas. Reg. 1.509(a)-4(h)(1) specifically states that in order to meet the
requirements of “supervised or controlled in connection with” the control or management of the supporting
organization must be vested in the same persons that control or manage the publicly supported organizations.

In the case of a Type I or Type II supporting organization, the supported organization(s) are in control of the
supporting organization. Type I because the supporting organization is a subsidiary of the supported; Type II
because the same persons control or manage the supporting and the supported organizations. By being in
control, the supported organizations are determining the investment policies and the amounts given and to
whom given to; therefore, the supporting organization can’t decide to give to a different organization unless
the supported organization allows it. This section doesn’t mean that ifan organization gives to more than one
organization that it meets the definition of a type II. To be a type II supporting organization there must be
common supervision and/or control of both the supported and the supporting organizations. Because the sole
trustee in this case is a bank, the Trust is neither operated, supervised, or controlled by, nor supervised or
controlled in connection with the publicly supported organization. The doesn’t have common
supervision or control with the supported organizations; therefore, it does not meet the definition of a Type
If organization.

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On its the made a selection on Schedule A indicating that it is a

as defined in Treas. Reg. 1.509(a)(4)(i)
require that the supported organizations have a significant voice in the investment policy, grants made,
recipients, amounts, and when the grants are paid. To meet the definition of a type III supporting organization,
an organization must meet the notification requirement, the responsiveness test, and the integral part test.

The responsiveness test has two parts: relationship of the officers and significant voice. The relationship test
requires that one or more officers, directors, or trustees of the supporting organization are elected or appointed
by the supported organization or one or more of the governing body of the supported organization also hold
important offices in the supporting organization; or the board of the supporting organization maintains a close
and continuous working relationship with the board of the supported organization, and the supported
organization must have a significant voice in the investment policies of the supporting organization, the
timing of grants, the manner of making grants, and the selection of grant recipients, and in otherwise directing
the use of the income or assets of the supporting organization.

As established above, the doesn’t have common supervision or control with the .
The makes an and forwards a copy of the account statement to a
point-person at the but maintains no other contact with of the supported
organization. The has complete autonomy and independence over the
and . The is similar to the organization in Rev. Rul. 75-437, acting
independently with the supported organization not having a significant voice in the of the
or the and . The in Rev. Rul. 75-437 failed the responsiveness test,

and it was held that it is a private foundation and not a supporting organization within the meaning of section
509(a)(3) of the Code.

To meet the notification requirement the supporting organization must provide a written notice to a principal

officer of the describing the type and amount of all support it provided during the
preceding year, a copy of the for the previous year, and a copy of the most recent governing
documents. The provides a copy of an to the supported organization but does
not provide to of the the required written notice, copies of the

and documents. The does not meet the responsiveness test or

notification requirement. Therefore, it does not meet the definition of a Type III organization.

The has failed the required tests with respect to its relationships with a It
does not meet the requirements of IRC 509(a)(3).

GOVERNMENT POSITION — ISSUE 2
The does not meet the requirements of IRC 509(a)(2). To be recognized as a public charity described

under IRC 509(a)(2), an organization must satisfy both the One-Third Support Test and the Not-More-Than-
One Third Support Test. The is organized as an income-generating investment vehicle relying solely on

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its for . Although it may receive from time to
time, comprises the bulk of its support.

GOVERNMENT POSITION — ISSUE 3

The does not meet the requirements of IRC Section 170(b)(1)(A)(vi) as a publicly supported

organization with a foundation status described in Section 509(a)(1). The does not seek
and or in order to attract It

receives from the ; however, it relies almost exclusively on
its for to a
CONCLUSION
The doesn't meet the requirements of IRC Section 509(a)(3) therefore, it is a private foundation. It needs
to file and pay the tax on its beginning
with the year ending , and thereafter.
In the case of a liable for tax imposed under chapter 42, such information is required by

Form 4720, Return of Certain Excise Taxes on Charities and Other Persons Under Chapters 41 and 42 of the
Internal Revenue Code.

The tax-exempt status under IRC Section 501(c)(3) remains in effect. The effective date of this
reclassification is ,

If you agree to this conclusion, please sign and return the attached Form 6018.

If you disagree, please submit a statement of your position.

Catalog Number 20810W Page 16 www.irs.gov Form 886-A (Rev. 5-2017)