S corporation keeps its status after promptly undoing an ineligible partnership shareholder transfer

Plain-English summary

An S corporation issued stock to a partnership even though its governing documents prohibited the transfer and a partnership generally cannot be an S corporation shareholder. The corporation discovered the mistake the following year, rescinded the transfer, and restored the shares to the individual owner. It and its shareholders had consistently intended to preserve S status and agreed to any adjustments the IRS required. The IRS concluded that any termination caused by the partnership's temporary ownership was inadvertent under IRC Section 1362(f). The corporation would therefore continue to be treated as an S corporation, assuming its election was otherwise valid and had not terminated for another reason.

Ruling snapshot

• Question: Was the possible S corporation termination caused by an inadvertent transfer to a partnership eligible for relief?
• Outcome: approved
• Key authorities: IRC §§ 1361(a), 1361(b), 1362(d), 1362(f)

Full text (IRS public release)

Internal Revenue Service Department of the Treasury
Washington, DC 20224

Number: 201810006 Third Party Communication: None
Release Date: 3/9/2018 Date of Communication: Not Applicable
Index Number: 1362.00-00
Person To Contact:
----------------------------------- ------------------, ID No. ----------------
------------------------------------------------ Telephone Number:
------------------------------------ --------------------
----------------- Refer Reply To:
------------------------ CC:PSI:B03
PLR-121868-17
Date:
December 01, 2017

X: -------------------------------------------------
-----------------------
Date 1: -----------------------
Date 2: ---------------------
Date 3: ---------------------
Year 1: ------
Year 2: ------
A: ---------------------------
Partnership: ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

LLC: ----------------------------------
State: -------

Dear -----------------:

  This letter responds to your letter dated July 13, 2017, and subsequent

correspondence, requesting relief under § 1362(f) of the Internal Revenue Code.

                                               FACTS

  The information submitted states that X was organized on Date 1 as a

corporation under the laws of State. Effective Date 2, X elected to be treated as an S
corporation. As of Year 1, A was a shareholder of X. Also as of Year 1, A and A’s
spouse and were the sole owners of LLC, a limited liability company treated as a
disregarded entity for federal tax purposes. A, A’s spouse, and LLC were the owners of
Partnership, a State limited partnership.

    During Year 1, A requested that X transfer his shares in X to Partnership. Even

though X’s articles of incorporation and bylaws prohibited this transfer, X issued a stock
certificate in the name of Partnership on Date 3. During Year 2, X discovered that it had
PLR-121868-17 2

inadvertently made this transfer, and immediately thereafter rescinded the transfer and
restored ownership of the transferred shares to A.

   X represents that X and its shareholders intended for X to remain an S

corporation effective Date 3 and that X has filed all returns consistent with X’s status as
an S corporation since Date 3. X further represents that during the years at issue all
income of both LLC and Partnership attributable to X was allocated to the individual
partners as though the individual partners owned the X stock directly. X and its
shareholders agree to make any adjustments required as a condition of obtaining relief
under the inadvertent termination rule as provided in § 1362(f) of the Code.

                              LAW AND ANALYSIS

    Section 1361(a)(1) provides that the term “S corporation” means, with respect to

any taxable year, a small business corporation for which an election under § 1362(a) is
in effect for the year.

   Section 1361(b)(1) defines a “small business corporation” as a domestic

corporation which is not an ineligible corporation which does not (A) have more than
100 shareholders, (B) have as a shareholder a person (other than an estate, and a trust
described in § 1361(c)(2), or an organization described in § 1361(c)(6)) who is not an
individual, (C) have a nonresident alien as a shareholder, and (D) have more than one
class of stock.

   Section 1362(d)(2)(A) provides than an election under § 1362(a) shall be

terminated whenever (at any time on or after the 1st day of the 1st taxable year for
which the corporation is an S corporation) such corporation ceases to be a small
business corporation. Section 1362(d)(2)(B) further provides that the termination shall
be effective on and after the date of cessation.

    Section 1362(f) provides, in relevant part, that if (1) an election under § 1362(a)

by any corporation (A) was not effective for the taxable year for which made
(determined without regard to § 1362(b)(2)) by reason of a failure to meet the
requirements of § 1361(b) or to obtain shareholder consents or (B) was terminated
under § 1362(d)(2) or (3), (2) the Secretary determines that the circumstances resulting
in the ineffectiveness or termination were inadvertent, (3) no later than a reasonable
period of time after discovery of the circumstances resulting in the ineffectiveness or
termination, steps were taken (A) so that the corporation is a small business corporation
or (B) to acquire the shareholder consents, and (4) the corporation and each person
who was a shareholder of the corporation at any time during the period specified
pursuant to § 1362(f), agrees to make such adjustments (consistent with the treatment
of the corporation as an S corporation) as may be required by the Secretary with
respect to such period, then, notwithstanding the circumstances resulting in the
ineffectiveness or termination, the corporation will be treated as an S corporation during
the period specified by the Secretary.
PLR-121868-17 3

                                   CONCLUSION

    Based on the facts submitted and the representations made, we conclude that

X’s S corporation election may have terminated on Date 3 when X issued a stock
certificate in the name of Partnership. However, we conclude that any such termination
was inadvertent within the meaning of § 1362(f). Therefore, X will be treated as
continuing to be an S corporation from Date 3 and thereafter, provided X’s S corporation
election was otherwise valid and, apart from the inadvertent termination ruling described
above, has not otherwise terminated under § 1362(d).

     Except as specifically ruled upon above, we express or imply no opinion

concerning the federal tax consequences of the facts described above under any other
provision of the Code. Specifically, we express or imply no opinion regarding X’s
eligibility to be an S corporation.

  The ruling contained in this letter is based upon information and representations

submitted by the taxpayer and is accompanied by a penalty of perjury statement
executed by an appropriate party. While this office has not verified any of the material
submitted in support of this request, it is subject to verification on examination.

  This ruling is directed only to the taxpayer that requested it. Section 6110(k)(3) of

the Code provides that this ruling may not be used or cited as precedent.

   Pursuant to a power of attorney on file with this office, a copy of this letter is

being sent to your authorized representative.

                                           Sincerely,


                                           Bradford R. Poston
                                           Special Counsel
                                           Office of the Associate Chief Counsel
                                           (Passthroughs and Special Industries)

Enclosures (2)
Copy of this letter
Copy for § 6110 purposes