Corporation receives conditional relief after three trusts miss ESBT elections

Plain-English summary

Three grantor trusts holding S corporation shares became complex trusts but their trustees did not timely elect electing small business trust status, terminating the corporation's S election. After discovering the problem, the corporation transferred the shares to an eligible shareholder. The IRS treated the termination as inadvertent under IRC § 1362(f) and allowed the corporation to continue as an S corporation. The relief requires each trust to file a retroactive ESBT election and all consistent open-year returns by the earlier stated deadline, and also requires a specified payment within 45 days.

Ruling snapshot

• Question: Can the corporation preserve its S status after three trust shareholders failed to make timely ESBT elections?
• Outcome: Approved with conditions. The trusts must file elections and consistent returns, and the required adjustment payment must be made.
• Key authorities: IRC §§ 1361(e), 1362(d), 1362(f), 6501(a); Treas. Reg. §§ 1.1361-1(m), 1.1362-4

Full text (IRS public release)

Internal Revenue Service Department of the Treasury
Washington, DC 20224

Number: 201722022 Third Party Communication: None
Release Date: 6/2/2017 Date of Communication: Not Applicable
Index Number: 1362.04-00
Person To Contact:
----------------------------------------------- --------------------, ---------------------------
-------------------------------------------- Telephone Number:
------------------------------- ----------------------
---------------------------------- Refer Reply To:
CC:PSI:B03
PLR-137144-16
Date:
January 25, 2017

                                                 LEGEND

X = ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------

A = -----------------------

Trust 1 = ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------

Trust 2 = ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------

Trust 3 = ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------

State = -----------

Date 1 = ----------------------------

Date 2 = --------------------------

Date 3 = ------------------------

Date 4 = -----------------------

Date 5 = ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$d = ---------------------------------------------------------

PLR-137144-16 2

Dear ------------------:

   This letter responds to a letter dated October 16, 2016, that was submitted on

behalf of X, requesting a ruling under § 1362(f).

    The information submitted states that X was incorporated in State and elected to

be an S corporation on Date 1. As of Date 2, Trust 1, Trust 2, and Trust 3 became
owners of X. A, the president of X, represents that Trust 1, Trust 2, and Trust 3 were all
grantor trusts and thus, were eligible shareholders of X. As of Date 3, X represents that
Trust 1, Trust 2, and Trust 3 became “complex trusts” rather than grantor trusts for
Federal tax purposes. Trust 1, Trust 2, and Trust 3 were eligible to be treated as
electing small business trusts (ESBTs), but the trustees of Trust 1, Trust 2, and Trust 3
failed to make ESBT elections in a timely manner.

     X represents that the failure to file the ESBT elections for Trust 1, Trust 2, and

Trust 3 was inadvertent and was not motivated by tax avoidance or retroactive tax
planning. After X was advised of such an inadvertent failure on Date 4, X represents
that it then transferred stock from Trust 1, Trust 2, and Trust 3 to an eligible shareholder
on Date 5. X and its shareholders have agreed to make such adjustments consistent
with the treatment of X as an S corporation as required by the Secretary.

  Section 1362(a) provides that a small business corporation may elect to be an S

corporation.

    Section 1361(b)(1)(B) provides that the term “S corporation” means, with respect

to any taxable year, a small business corporation for which an election under § 1362(a)
is in effect for such a tax year.

   Section 1361(b)(1)(B) provides that for purposes of subchapter S, a “small

business corporation” cannot have as a shareholder a person (other than an estate, a
trust described in § 1361(c)(2), or an organization described in § 1361(c)(6)) who is not
an individual.

     Section 1361(e) defines an ESBT. Section 1361(e)(1)(A) provides that, except as

provided in § 1361(e)(2)(B), an ESBT means any trust if (i) such trust does not have as
a beneficiary any person other than (I) an individual, (II) an estate, (III) an organization
described in § 170(c)(2), (3), (4), or (5), or (IV) an organization described in § 170(c)(1)
which holds a contingent interest in such trust and is not a potential current beneficiary;
(ii) no interest in such trust was acquired by purchase; and (iii) an election under
§ 1361(e) applies to such trust.

   Section 1361(e)(3) provides that an election under § 1361(e) shall be made by

the trustee. Any such election shall apply to the taxable year of the trust for which made

PLR-137144-16 3

and all subsequent taxable years of such trust unless revoked with the consent of the
Secretary.

   Section 1.1361-1(m)(2)(i) of the Income Tax Regulations provides, in part, that

the trustee of the trust must make the ESBT election by signing and filing, with the
service center where the S corporation files its income tax return, a statement that
meets the requirements of § 1.1361-1(m)(2)(ii).

  Section 1362(d)(2) provides that an election under § 1362(a) shall be terminated

whenever (at any time on or after the first day of the first taxable year for which the
corporation is an S corporation) such corporation ceases to be a small business
corporation.

    Section 1362(f) provides that if (1) an election under § 1362(a) by any

corporation was terminated under § 1362(d)(2) or (3); (2) the Secretary determines that
the circumstances resulting in such termination were inadvertent; (3) no later than a
reasonable period of time after discovery of the circumstances resulting in such
termination, steps were taken so that the corporation for which the termination occurred
is a small business corporation; and (4) the corporation for which the termination
occurred, and each person who was a shareholder of the corporation at any time during
the period specified pursuant to § 1362(f), agrees to make such adjustments (consistent
with the treatment of the corporation as an S corporation) as may be required by the
Secretary with respect to such period, then, notwithstanding the circumstances resulting
in such termination, the corporation shall be treated as an S corporation during the
period specified by the Secretary.

   Section 1.1362-4(b) provides that for purposes of § 1.1362-4(a), the

determination of whether a termination was inadvertent is made by the Commissioner.
The corporation has the burden of establishing that under the relevant facts and
circumstances the Commissioner should determine that the termination was
inadvertent. The fact that the terminating event was not reasonably within the control of
the corporation and was not part of a plan to terminate the election, or the fact that the
terminating event or circumstance took place without the knowledge of the corporation,
notwithstanding its due diligence to safeguard itself against such an event or
circumstance, tends to establish that the termination was inadvertent.

   Section 1.1362-4(d) provides that the Commissioner may require any

adjustments that are appropriate. In general, the adjustments should be consistent with
the treatment of the corporation as an S corporation during the period specified by the
Commissioner.

    Based solely upon the facts submitted and the representations made, we

conclude that the termination of X’s S corporation election on Date 3 was inadvertent
within the meaning of § 1362(f). We further hold that, pursuant to the provisions of

PLR-137144-16 4

§ 1362(f), X will be treated as continuing to be an S corporation from Date 3 provided
X’s S corporation election was valid and was not otherwise terminated under § 1362(d).

    This ruling is contingent on the following: (1) the trustees of Trust 1, Trust 2, and

Trust 3 must each file, within the sooner of 120 days following the date of this letter or
the date any year will close under § 6501(a), an ESBT election effective Date 3; and (2)
each trust must file within that same period all required returns, including amended
return, for all open years consistent with the requested relief. If X or its shareholders fail
to treat themselves as described above, this ruling is null and void.

     Furthermore, as an adjustment under § 1362(f)(4), a payment of $d and a copy

of this letter must be sent to the following address: Internal Revenue Service, Cincinnati
Service Center, 201 West Rivercenter Blvd., Covington, KY 41011, Stop 31
-----------------, Manual Deposit. This payment must be sent no later than 45 days from
the date of this letter; and if these conditions are not met, then this ruling is null and
void. In addition, if these conditions are not met, X must send notification that its S
election has terminated to the service center with which X’s S election was filed.

  Except as specifically ruled upon above, no opinion is expressed concerning the

Federal tax consequences of any facts discussed or referenced in this letter, including
whether X was or is an S corporation for Federal tax purposes.

  This ruling is directed only to the taxpayer requesting it. Section 6110(k)(3) of the

Code provides that it may not be used or cited as precedent.

     In accordance with the Power of Attorney on file with this office, a copy of this

letter is being sent to your authorized representative.

                                    Sincerely,

                                    /s/

                                    Bradford Poston
                                    Senior Counsel, Branch 3
                                    Office of Associate Chief Counsel
                                    (Passthroughs & Special Industries)

Enclosures (2)
Copy of this letter
Copy of this letter for section 6110 purposes