Late ESBT election receives inadvertent termination relief

Plain-English summary

An S corporation shareholder trust remained eligible for two years after its grantor's death but then lacked a timely electing small business trust election. That failure terminated the corporation's S election. The trust was later reconstituted, and separate successor trusts made qualified subchapter S trust elections. The IRS found the termination inadvertent and ruled that the corporation would continue as an S corporation, the intermediate trust would be treated as an ESBT, and the successor trusts would be treated as QSSTs for their respective periods. The relief requires an ESBT election and any needed amended returns within 120 days.

Ruling snapshot

• Question: Can the corporation retain S status after a trust failed to timely elect ESBT status?
• Outcome: Approved, subject to an ESBT election and conforming amended returns within 120 days
• Key authorities: IRC §§ 1361(c), 1361(d), 1361(e), and 1362(f); Treas. Reg. § 1.1361-1

Full text (IRS public release)

Internal Revenue Service Department of the Treasury
Washington, DC 20224

Number: 201632010 Third Party Communication: None
Release Date: 8/5/2016 Date of Communication: Not Applicable
Index Number: 1362.04-00
Person To Contact:
-------------------------------------- --------------------------, ID No. ----------------
----------------------------------------------- ----------------
--------------------------- Telephone Number:
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Refer Reply To:
CC:PSI:B03
PLR-133060-15
Date:
January 11, 2016
X = -----------------------------------

Date 1 = ---------------------

State = ------------

Date 2 = --------------------

Date 3 = ---------------------

Trust = -----------------------------------

-----------------------------------------------------

A = ----------------

Date 4 = ---------------------

Trust 2 = ------------------------------

Date 5 = --------------------

n = ------

New Trusts = -----------------------------------

PLR-133060-15 2

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Dear ------------:

    This responds to a letter dated August 31, 2015, and supplemental information,

submitted on behalf of X by X’s authorized representative, requesting relief under
section 1362(f) of the Internal Revenue Code (the Code).

                                                   FACTS

     According to the information submitted and representations made, X was

incorporated on Date 1 under the laws of State. Effective Date 2, X elected to be taxed
as an S corporation under § 1362 of the Code. Prior to Date 3, Trust was a grantor trust
wholly owned by A and was an eligible shareholder of X. On Date 3, A died and Trust
ceased being a grantor trust. Trust qualified under § 1361(c)(2)(A)(ii) as an eligible
shareholder for two years from A’s date of death. However, a timely election to treat
Trust as an electing small business trust (“ESBT”) after this period was not made. Trust
became an ineligible shareholder of X, causing X’s S corporation election to terminate,
effective Date 4. On or about Date 4, Trust was reconstituted as Trust 2 and Trust 2
was considered the sole shareholder of X during the period commencing on Date 4 and
ending on Date 5.

    Effective Date 5, pursuant to the trust agreement governing both Trust and Trust

2, n separate trusts were created, one for each of the current income beneficiaries, with
the intention that each trust would qualify as a qualified small business trust (“QSST”)
under § 1361(d) of the Code (the “New Trusts”). Each beneficiary of the New Trusts
authorized X to file a QSST election on its behalf with the Service effective Date 5.

      X represents that since Date 2, it has filed its federal income tax returns

consistent with being an S corporation. X represents that its S corporation election
termination was inadvertent and was not motivated by tax avoidance or retroactive tax
planning. Trust 2 and X represent that Trust 2 would have qualified as an ESBT since
Date 4 and the New Trusts have qualified as QSSTs since Date 5. Trust 2 has agreed
to file amended returns consistent with being an ESBT. Further, X represents that X
and its shareholders will make any adjustments required as a condition of obtaining
relief under the inadvertent termination rule as provided under § 1362(f) of the Code
that may be required by the Secretary.

                                         LAW AND ANALYSIS

PLR-133060-15 3

   Section 1361(a)(1) of the Code provides that the term “S corporation” means,

with respect to any taxable year, a small business corporation for which an election
under § 1362(a) is in effect for such year.

    Section 1361(c)(2)(A) provides, in relevant part, that, for purposes of

§ 1361(b)(1)(B), the following trusts may be shareholders of an S corporation: (i) a trust
all of which is treated (under subpart E of part I of subchapter J of chapter 1) as owned
by an individual who is a citizen or resident of the United States; (ii) a trust that was
described in § 1361(c)(2)(A)(i) immediately before the death of the deemed owner and
which continues in existence after such death, but only for the 2-year period beginning
on the day of the deemed owner’s death; and (iii) an ESBT.

   Section 1361(d)(1) provides that in the case of a QSST with respect to which a

beneficiary makes an election under § 1361(d)(2) -- (A) such trust shall be treated as a
trust described in § 1361 (c)(2)(A)(i), (B) for purposes of § 678(a), the beneficiary of
such trust shall be treated as the owner of that portion of the trust which consists of
stock in an S corporation with respect to which the election under paragraph (2) is
made, and (C) for purposes of applying §§ 465 and 469 to the beneficiary of the trust,
the disposition of the S corporation stock by the trust shall be treated as a disposition by
such beneficiary.

    Section 1361(d)(2) provides that a beneficiary of a qualified subchapter S trust

(or his legal representative) may elect to have § 1361(d)(1) apply. An election under
§ 1362(d)(2) shall be made separately with respect to each corporation the stock of
which is held by the trust.

     Section 1361(d)(3) defines “qualified subchapter S trust” as a trust, (A) the terms

of which require that (i) during the life of the current income beneficiary, there shall be
only 1 income beneficiary of the trust, (ii) any corpus distributed during the life of the
current income beneficiary may be distributed only to such beneficiary, (iii) the income
interest of the current income beneficiary in the trust shall terminate on the earlier of
such beneficiary’s death or the termination of the trust, and (iv) upon the termination of
the trust during the life of the current income beneficiary, the trust shall distribute all of
its assets to such beneficiary, and (B) all of the income (within the meaning of section
643(b)) of which is distributed (or required to be distributed) currently to 1 individual who
is a citizen or resident of the United States.

     Section 1361(e)(1)(A) provides that an ESBT means any trust if (i) such trust

does not have as a beneficiary any person other than (I) an individual, (II) an estate, (III)
an organization described in § 170(c)(2), (3), (4) or (5) , or (IV) an organization
described in § 170(c)(1) which holds a contingent interest in such trust and is not a
potential current beneficiary, (ii) no interest in such trust was acquired by purchase, and
(iii) an election under § 1361(e) applies to such trust.

PLR-133060-15 4

   Section 1361(e)(3) provides that an election under § 1361(e) shall be made by

the trustee. Any such election shall apply to the taxable year of the trust for which made
and all subsequent taxable years of such trust unless revoked with the consent of the
Secretary.

    Section 1.1361-1(m)(2)(i) provides that the trustee of an ESBT must make the

ESBT election by signing and filing, with the service center where the S corporation files
its income tax return, a statement that meets the requirements of § 1.1361-1(m)(2)(ii).

   Section 1.1361-1(m)(2)(iii) provides that the election must be filed within the time

requirements prescribed in § 1.1361-1(j)(6)(iii) for filing a qualified subchapter S trust
election (generally within the 16-day-and-2-month period beginning on the day that the
stock is transferred to the trust).

   Section 1362(d)(2)(A) provides that an election under § 1362(a) will be

terminated whenever (at any time on or after the first day of the first taxable year for
which the corporation is an S corporation) such corporation ceases to be a small
business corporation.

   Section 1362(f) provides, in relevant part, that if (1) an election under § 1362(a)

or § 1361(b)(3)(B)(ii) by any corporation was terminated under § 1362(d)(2) or (3); (2)
the Secretary determines that the circumstances resulting in such termination were
inadvertent; (3) no later than a reasonable period of time after discovery of the
circumstances resulting in such termination, steps were taken so that the corporation for
which the termination occurred is a small business corporation; and (4) the corporation
for which the termination occurred, and each person who was a shareholder in such
corporation at any time during the period specified pursuant to § 1362(f), agrees to
make the adjustments (consistent with the treatment of such corporation as an S
corporation) as may be required by the Secretary with respect to such period, then,
notwithstanding the circumstances resulting in such termination, such corporation shall
be treated as an S corporation during the period specified by the Secretary.

                                  CONCLUSION

    Based solely on the facts submitted and the representations made, we conclude

that X’s S corporation election inadvertently terminated within the meaning of § 1362(f)
on Date 4 due to the trustee’s failure to make an ESBT election for Trust 2. Pursuant to
the provisions of § 1362(f), X will be treated as continuing to be an S corporation from
Date 4. Trust 2 it will be treated as an ESBT from Date 4 to Date 5 and the New Trusts
will be treated as QSSTs from Date 5. This conclusion is reached provided that X’s S
corporation election and the New Trusts’ QSST elections were otherwise valid and have
not otherwise terminated under § 1362(d).

PLR-133060-15 5

    This ruling is contingent upon, within 120 days from the date of this letter, the

trustee filing with the appropriate service center an election to treat Trust 2 as an ESBT
effective from Date 4 to Date 5. This ruling is also contingent upon the trustee filing,
within 120 days from the date of this letter, any amended returns that may be required
to conform with Trust 2’s treatment as an ESBT from Date 4 to Date 5. A copy of this
letter should be attached to the ESBT election and the amended returns.

     Except as specifically ruled upon above, we express or imply no opinion

concerning the federal tax consequences of the facts of this case under any other
provision of the Code. Specifically, we express or imply no opinion regarding X’s
eligibility to be an S corporation, Trust 2’s eligibility to be an ESBT, or the New Trusts’
eligibility to be QSSTs.

  This ruling is directed only to the taxpayer that requested it. According to

§ 6110(k)(3), this ruling may not be used or cited as precedent.

    Pursuant to the power of attorney on file with this office, we are sending a copy of

this letter to your authorized representatives.

                                          Sincerely,




                                          Bradford R. Poston
                                          Senior Counsel, Branch 3
                                          Associate Chief Counsel
                                          (Passthroughs and Special Industries)

Enclosures (2)
Copy of this letter
Copy for § 6110 purposes

cc: