Bingo operator is removed from a charitable group exemption

Plain-English summary

A subordinate organization was recognized under a group exemption based on plans to educate young people about drug and substance abuse. During examination, the IRS found that it operated bingo four days a week, received all of its support from gaming, and donated only small amounts to two sponsoring charities while using the remaining receipts for prizes and expenses. The report also found that an individual who owned the independent contractors involved in the gaming operation benefited from the organization. Coloring pamphlets and other claimed charitable support were insubstantial, and some supporting documents appeared to have been created after the examined year. The IRS concluded that bingo was a substantial nonexempt commercial activity, revoked the organization’s section 501(c)(3) status, and removed it from the parent organization’s group exemption. The organization agreed to the removal and completed corporate income tax returns.

Ruling snapshot

• Question: Did the subordinate organization operate primarily for charitable or educational purposes when its principal activity was conducting bingo?
• Outcome: Revocation
• Key authorities: IRC §§ 170, 501(c)(3); Treas. Reg. § 1.501(c)(3)-1; Help the Children, Inc. v. Commissioner; Better Business Bureau of Washington, D.C., Inc. v. United States; Make A Joyful Noise v. Commissioner

Full text (IRS public release)

DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY
INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE
TE/GE: EO Examinations
1100 Commerce Street, MC 4920 DAL
Dallas, TX 75242

TAX EXEMPT AND
GOVERNMENT ENTITIES
DIVISION July 28, 2015
Number: 201544030 Taxpayer Identification Number:

Release Date: 10/30/2015
Person to Contact:

UIL Code: 501.03-00 Identification Number:

Contact Telephone Number:

CERTIFIED MAIL — RETURN RECEIPT REQUESTED
Dear

This is a final adverse determination regarding your exempt status under section
501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code (the Code). Our favorable determination letter
to you is hereby revoked and you are no longer exempt under section 501(a) of the
Code effective January 1, 20XX.

The revocation of your exempt status was made for the following reason(s):

You are not operating exclusively for any charitable purpose, educational purpose, or
any other exempt purpose. Our examination reveals that you are not engaged primarily
in activities which accomplish charitable, educational or other exempt purposes as
required by Treas. Reg. 1.501(c)(3)-1(c)(1). Your activities, including your financial
transactions, more than insubstantially furthered non-exempt purposes.

Contributions to your organization are no longer deductible under IRC § 170 after
January 1, 20XX.

You are required to file Form 1120 U. S. Corporation Income Tax Return. These
returns should be filed with the appropriate Service Center for tax years beginning
January 1,20 . We have secured Form 1120 for years ended December 31, 20XX,
December 31, 20XX and December 31, 20XX.

Processing of income tax returns and assessments of any taxes due will not be delayed
should a petition for declaratory judgment be filed under section 7428 of the Internal
Revenue Code.

If you decide to contest this determination under the declaratory judgment provisions of
section 7428 of the Code, a petition to the United States Tax Court, the United States
Claims Court, or the district court of the United States for the District of Columbia must
be filed before the 91st Day after the date this determination was mailed to you. Please
contact the clerk of the appropriate court for rules regarding filing petitions for
declaratory judgments by referring to the enclosed Publication 892. You may write to
these courts at the following addresses:

United States Tax Court United States Court of Federal Claims
400 Second Street, NW 717 Madison Place, NW
Washington, D.C. 20217 Washington, D.C. 20005

United States District Court for the District of Columbia
333 Constitution Avenue, NW
Washington, D.C. 20001

The Taxpayer Advocate Service (TSA) is an independent organization within the
IRS that can help protect your taxpayer rights. We can offer you help if your tax
problem is causing a hardship, or you’ve tried but haven't been able to resolve
your problem with the IRS. If you qualify for our assistance, which is always free,
we will do everything possible to help you. Visit taxpayeradvocate.irs.gov or call
1-877-777-4778.

If you have any questions, please contact the person whose name and telephone
number are shown in the heading of this letter.

Sincerely,
Margaret Von Lienen
Director, EO Examinations

Enclosure:
Publication 892

Letter 3607(04-2002)
Catalog Number: 34198J

Tax Exempt and Government Entities Division Taxpayer Identification Number:
1111 Constitution Ave., NW, K, Suite 2400
Washington, DC 20224

Department of the Treasury Date:
Internal Revenue Service April 2, 2015

Form:
Tax year(s) ended:

Person to contact / ID number:

Contact numbers:
Phone Number:

Fax Number:
Manager's name / ID number:

Manager's contact number:
Phone Number:
Response due date:

Certified Mail - Return Receipt Requested
Dear

Why you are receiving this letter
We propose to revoke your status as an organization described in section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue
Code (Code). Enclosed is our report of examination explaining the proposed action.

What you need to do if you agree

If you agree with our proposal, please sign the enclosed Form 6018, Consent to Proposed Action — Section
7428, and return it to the contact person at the address listed above (unless you have already provided us a
signed Form 6018). We'll issue a final revocation letter determining that you aren't an organization described in
section 501(c)(3).

After we issue the final revocation letter, we’ll announce that your organization is no longer eligible for
contributions deductible under section 170 of the Code.

If we don't hear from you

If you don't respond to this proposal within 30 calendar days from the date of this letter, we’ll issue a final
revocation letter. Failing to respond to this proposal will adversely impact your legal standing to seek a
declaratory judgment because you failed to exhaust your administrative remedies.

Effect of revocation status
If you receive a final revocation letter, you'll be required to file federal income tax returns for the tax year(s)
shown above as well as for subsequent tax years.

What you need to do if you disagree with the proposed revocation
If you disagree with our proposed revocation, you may request a meeting or telephone conference with the
supervisor of the IRS contact identified in the heading of this letter. You also may file a protest with the

Letter 3618 (Rev. 6-2012)
Catalog Number 34809F

IRS Appeals office by submitting a written request to the contact person at the address listed above within 30
calendar days from the date of this letter. The Appeals office is independent of the Exempt Organizations
division and resolves most disputes informally.

For your protest to be valid, it must contain certain specific information including a statement of the facts, the
applicable law, and arguments in support of your position. For specific information needed for a valid protest,
please refer to page one of the enclosed Publication 892, How to Appeal an IRS Decision on Tax-Exempt Status,
and page six of the enclosed Publication 3498, The Examination Process. Publication 3498 also includes
information on your rights as a taxpayer and the IRS collection process. Please note that Fast Track Mediation
referred to in Publication 3498 generally doesn’t apply after we issue this letter.

You also may request that we refer this matter for technical advice as explained in Publication 892. Please
contact the individual identified on the first page of this letter if you are considering requesting technical
advice. If we issue a determination letter to you based on a technical advice memorandum issued by the Exempt
Organizations Rulings and Agreements office, no further IRS administrative appeal will be available to you.

Contacting the Taxpayer Advocate Office is a taxpayer right

You have the right to contact the office of the Taxpayer Advocate. Their assistance isn’t a substitute for
established IRS procedures, such as the formal appeals process. The Taxpayer Advocate can't reverse a legally
correct tax determination or extend the time you have (fixed by law) to file a petition in a United States court.
They can, however, see that a tax matter that hasn't been resolved through normal channels gets prompt and
proper handling. You may call toll-free 1-877-777-4778 and ask for Taxpayer Advocate assistance. If you
prefer, you may contact your local Taxpayer Advocate at:

Internal Revenue Service
Office of the Taxpayer Advocate

Phone Number: / Fax

For additional information

If you have any questions, please call the contact person at the telephone number shown in the heading of this
letter. If you write, please provide a telephone number and the most convenient time to call if we need to
contact you.

Thank you for your cooperation.

Sincerely,

Margaret Von Lienen
Director, EO Examinations

Enclosures:

Report of Examination
Form 6018

Publication 892
Publication 3498

Letter 3618 (Rev. 6-2012)
Catalog Number 34809F

Schedule number or exhibit

Form 886-A
(Rev. January 1994) EXPLANATIONS OF ITEMS

Name of taxpayer Tax Identification Number Year/Period ended
12/31/20XX
ISSUE:
Whether known as , operated

exclusively for exempt purposes within meaning of section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code (Code)?

FACTS:
The ( ), doing business as of

was incorporated in the State of on May 24, 20XX and received a group
exemption from Federal organization income tax under section 501(a) of the Code as an organization
described in section 501(c)(3) in a determination letter (L15820 E) dated July 18, 20XX. The organization is
covered under group exemption number (GEN) is __, effective with tax period ending December 31, 20XX.
The organization will be described as a 501(c)(3) and its activities as follows:

The purpose of the subordinate organization is to educate youth on the negative social, psychological,
moral and physical effects of drug and substance abuse through various programs, such as local
advertising on public awareness, counseling, bulk mailing campaigns and funding other sources and
events consistent with the organization’s mission. Receipts will originate from tax deductible charitable
donations and various fundraising events including bingo and tip jars. Expenditures will include costs
associated with marketing, advertising, office expenses, postage, printing, professional fees, telephone,
travel, children’s activities and various charitable appeals.

has operated a bingo hall (fundraising) four days a week with two sponsoring
charitable organizations, and . The sponsoring
organizations maintain the gaming licenses (Super Bingo, Annual Bingo, and Annual Raffle). In 20XX, the
organization’s only source of income comes from the operation of Bingo games which totaled $
Two charitable organizations received sponsoring fees (grants) each night bingo was conducted in the
amounts of $ for and $ for the ; totaling $ for and $ for the
. The sponsoring fees were listed on Form 990 as Grants.

conducted bingo with the general public four days a week with the two
sponsoring 501(c)(3) organizations. The received 100 percent of its support from
gaming activities in tax year 20XX. The organization’s gross receipts were $ and they donated
$ . This amounts to less than .005 of donations made to the charitable organizations. The remaining
funds were allocated to the gaming prizes and expenses.

The independent contractors, and is owned by one individual,
however, a valid lease agreement was in place and along with a contract for the gaming activities. This
individual benefited from the existence of subordinate organization of

. This individual was involved in the creation of . The only activity
that was present in the year of examination was donations made to the two charitable organizations
describe in 501(c)(3) listed on Form 990 and the use of the facility to other organizations to hold fundraising
events.

provided an educational coloring and activity pamphlet for children with the
message “Say No to Drugs.” They also provided copies of letters thanking the organization for assistance
and/or support that were received from , ,
, and . The

Form 886-A (1-1994) Catalog Number 20810W Page 1 publish.no.irs.gov Department of the Treasury-Internal Revenue Service

Schedule number or exhibit

Form 886-A
(Rev. January 1994) EXPLANATIONS OF ITEMS

Name of taxpayer Tax Identification Number Year/Period ended
12/31/20XX
prepared a letter thanking for helping in fixing their scoreboard, providing field

maintenance and other needs such as using the building where Bingo is held. The

presented a letter thanking the organization for the use of their facility to raise funds for their
traveling basketball team. Based on a review of the documents submitted it appears that some of those
documents were created subsequent to the year under examination.

LAW:

Section 501(c)(3) of the Code provides for the exemption from federal income tax of organizations
organized and operated exclusively for, among other listed purposes, charitable or educational purposes,
provided that no part of the net earnings of such corporations inures to the benefit of any private
shareholder of individual.

Section 1.501(c)(3)-1(a)(1) of the Income Tax Regulations provides that, in order to be exempt as an
organization described in section 501(c)(3), an organization must be both organized and operated
exclusively for one or more of the purposes specified in such section. If an organization fails to meet either
the organizational test or the operational test, it is not exempt.

Section 1.501(c)(3)-1(c)(1) of the Income Tax Regulations provides that an organization operates
exclusively for exempt purposes only if it engages primarily in activities that accomplish exempt purposes
specified in section 501(c)(3). An organization will not be so regarded if more than an insubstantial part of
its activities is not in furtherance of an exempt purpose. The existence of a substantial nonexempt purpose,
regardless of the number or importance of exempt purposes, will cause failure of the operational test. In
Help the Children, Inc. v. Commissioner, 28 TC 1128 (1957): An organization engaged in operating bingo
games. Its charitable function consisted of contributions to charitable institutions of amounts that were
insubstantial (less than 1%) when compared to gross receipts from the bingo games. The court held that
the organization did not qualify for exemption because it did not operate any charitable institutions and its
principal activity was the profitable operation of bingo games on a commercial basis.

Section 1.501(c)(3)-1(d)(1)(i) provides that an organization may be exempt as an organization described in
section 501(c)(3) if it is organized and operated exclusively for religious, charitable, scientific, testing for
public safety, literary, educational, or prevention of cruelty to children or animals.

Section 1.501(c)(3)-1(d)(1)(ii) provides that an organization is not organized or operated exclusively for
exempt purposes unless it serves a public rather than a private interest. To meet this requirement, it is
necessary for an organization to establish that it is not organized or operated for the benefit of private
interests.

Section 1.501(c)(3)-1(d)(3)(i) provide, in part, that the term “educational” for section 501(c)(3) purposes
includes the instruction of the public on subjects useful to the individual and beneficial to the community.

Section 1.501(c)(3)-1(d)(2) defines the term “charitable” for schedule 501(c)(3) purposes as including relief
of the poor and distressed or of the underprivileged; advancement of religion; advancement of education or
science; erection or maintenance of public buildings, monuments, or works; lessening of the burdens of
Government; and promotion of social welfare by organizations designed to accomplish any of the above
purposes, or (i) to lessen neighborhood tensions; (ii) to eliminate prejudice and discrimination; (iii) to defend
human and civil rights secured by law; or (iv) to combat community deterioration and juvenile delinquency.

Form 886-A (1-1994) Catalog Number 20810W Page 2 publish.no.irs.gov Department of the Treasury-Internal Revenue Service

Schedule number or exhibit

Form 886-A
(Rev. January 1994) EXPLANATIONS OF ITEMS

Name of taxpayer Tax Identification Number Year/Period ended

12/31/20XX

Section 1.501(c)(3)-1(e) provides that an organization that operates a trade or business as a substantial
part of its activities may meet the requirements of section 501(c)(3) if the trade or business furthers an
exempt purpose, and if the organization’s primarily purpose does not consist of carrying on an unrelated
trade or business.

Revenue Ruling 61-170, 1961-2 CB 112 ruled that in order to be exempt as an organization described in
section 501(c)(3), an organization must be both organized and operated exclusively for one or more of the
purposes specified in such section. If an organization fails to meet either the organizational test or the
operational test, it is not exempt.

Revenue Ruling 70-4, 1970-1 CB 126 ruled that Section 501(c)(3) of the Code provides for the exemption
from Federal income tax of organizations organized and operated exclusively for educational purposes.
Section 1.501(c)(3)-1(c)(1) of the Income Tax Regulations provides that an organization will be regarded as
“operated exclusively” for one or more of such exempt purposes only if it engages primarily in activities
which accomplish one or more of such exempt purposes specified in section 501(c)(3). An organization will
not be so regarded if more than an insubstantial part of its activities is not in furtherance of an exempt
purpose.

In Better Business Bureau of Washington D.C., Inc. v. United States, 326 U.S. 279 (1945), the Supreme
Court held that the presence of a single non-exempt purpose, if substantial in nature, will destroy the
exemption regardless of the number or importance of truly exempt purposes. The Court found that the
trade association had an “underlying commercial motive” that distinguished its educational program from
that carried out by a university.

In Make A Joyful Noise vs. Commissioner, T.C.M. 1989-4, the court held: An organization whose only
activity was operating regularly scheduled bingo games on behalf of other exempt organizations no longer
qualified for exemption under section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code because the exempt
organization that had been conducting bingo games lost its state permit due to a change in state law. The
organization began to lease its premises to other organizations and participated in the operation of the
bingo games, receiving a portion of the gross receipts. Almost all of the organization’s gross revenues were
generated from bingo operations.

The organization did not prove that its participation in the bingo games was an insubstantial part of its
activities. The organization could not demonstrate that it conducted any charitable activities, other than
unfulfilled charitable objectives. Therefore, the court upheld the Service’s revocation.

GOVERNMENT POSITION:
Our examination revealed that a substantial part of your activities was conducting Bingo, which is not in
furtherance of your exempt purpose. Therefore, as a result of our examination of your Form 990 for the
period ending December 31, 20XX, we have determined that your organization no longer qualifies as an
exempt organization described in section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code. Since, a substantial part
of your activities was conducting BINGO which is not in furtherance of your exempt purpose. We propose
that be removed from the group exemption of

, parent organization, under GEN _ effective January 1, 20XX.

TAXPAYER’S POSITION:

Form 886-A (1-1994) Catalog Number 20810W Page 3 publish.no.irs.gov Department of the Treasury-Internal Revenue Service

Schedule number or exhibit

Form 886-A
(Rev. January 1994) EXPLANATIONS OF ITEMS

Name of taxpayer Tax Identification Number Year/Period ended
12/31/20XX
The agrees with the removal from the group exemption and completed Form

1120 for tax years ending December 31, 20XX, December 31, 20XX, and December 31, 20XX. Agent sent
Form 6018 for signature on April 2, 20XX.

CONCLUSION:

We determined that, does not operate in a manner that exclusively furthers
a Charitable and/or educational purpose. The organization does an insubstantial amount of educating and
charitable activities. The organization provided coloring paper pamphlets for kids in the community in a
prior year and has donated small amounts to charitable organizations in the year under examination. The
total source of income comes from BINGO which is a substantial part of your activity.

does not continue to qualify for exemption as an organization described in

section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code. Consequently, is being
removed from the parent organization, group exemption effective January 1,
20XX.

Should this group exemption removal be upheld you are required to file Form 1120 for all future periods,
whether or not you have taxable income.

Form 886-A (1-1994) Catalog Number 20810W Page 4 publish.no.irs.gov Department of the Treasury-Internal Revenue Service