Captive insurer receives late small-company election relief

Plain-English summary

A captive insurance company intended to elect the small-insurance-company tax treatment under section 831(b) from its first business year. A miscommunication caused its manager and tax attorney each to assume the other would file the election, although the company reported its income for four years as if the election had been made. The company sought relief promptly after counsel found the omission and before the IRS discovered it. The IRS granted 60 days to make the election effective for all four affected years, without deciding whether the company otherwise qualified as an insurance company or for the election.

Ruling snapshot

• Question: May the captive insurer make a late section 831(b) election for four prior tax years?
• Outcome: Approved, with 60 days to make the election.
• Key authorities: IRC § 831(b)(2)(A)(ii); Treas. Reg. §§ 301.9100-1, 301.9100-3, and 301.9100-8.

Full text (IRS public release)

Internal Revenue Service Department of the Treasury
Washington, DC 20224

Number: 201527014 Third Party Communication: None
Release Date: 7/2/2015 Date of Communication: Not Applicable
Index Number: 831.00-00, 9100.00-00
Person To Contact:
---------------------------- -------------------, ID No. ------------------
-------------- Telephone Number:
---------------------------------------------- ----------------------
------------------------------------------------- Refer Reply To:
-------------------------------------------------- CC:FIP:B04
PLR-136337-14
Date:
March 27, 2015

Legend

Taxpayer = ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------
Date = ---------------------------
State X = --------------
Parent = ---------------------------------
State Y = -------
Manager = -----------------------------------------------------------
Manager’s Acquirer = -------------------------------------------------------
Year 1 = -------
Year 2 = -------
Year 3 = -------
Year 4 = -------

Dear --------------------:

This is in reply to Taxpayer’s request, pursuant to § 301.9100-3 of the Procedure and
Administration Regulations, for an extension of time to make the election under
§ 831(b)(2)(A)(ii) of the Internal Revenue Code (the “Code”).

FACTS

Taxpayer was formed on Date, and became licensed as a captive insurance company
in State X. Taxpayer is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Parent, a State Y limited liability
company. Taxpayer was initially managed by Manager, which was subsequently
acquired by Manager’s Acquirer. Taxpayer commenced business in Year 1.

PLR-136337-14 2

Taxpayer desired to make the election provided by § 831(b)(2)(A)(ii). Taxpayer has
consistently conducted its operations as if such an election had been made effective for
Year 1. During a recent review of Taxpayer’s federal income tax returns, Taxpayer’s
legal counsel discovered that an election pursuant to § 831(b) was not made for tax
years Year 1, Year 2, Year 3, and Year 4. Taxpayer’s legal counsel inquired with
Taxpayer’s various advisors and determined that a miscommunication had occurred
among the advisors with respect to the filing of the § 831(b) election. Taxpayer’s tax
attorney, who was responsible for the preparation and filing of Taxpayer’s Year 1 Form
1120-PC, incorrectly presumed that Manager had already made the election. At the
same time, Manager assumed that Taxpayer’s tax attorney would make the election in
the process of preparing and filing Taxpayer’s Year 1 Form 1120-PC. Immediately after
discovering the failure to file a timely § 831(b) election Taxpayer’s treasurer directed
Taxpayer’s legal counsel to seek this ruling.

Taxpayer’s failure to make the election has not been discovered by the Service.

Taxpayer represents that granting relief will not result in a lower tax liability than it would
have paid had it filed the election timely. Taxpayer represents that it reported its income
for Year 1, Year 2, Year 3, and Year 4 as if it had made a timely election.

REQUESTED RULING

Taxpayer requests a ruling under Treas. Reg. § 301.9100-3 granting it an extension of
the time to make the election provided by § 831(b)(2)(A)(ii).

LAW and ANALYSIS

In general, § 831(a) applies to tax insurance companies, other than life insurance
companies, on their taxable income. However, § 831(b) provides certain small
companies (i.e., companies, including members of their control groups, that do not have
the greater of net written premiums or direct written premiums for the taxable year in
excess of $1,200,000) an election to be subject to tax on their taxable investment
income only. The election applies to the taxable year for which the company made it
and, as long as the company continues to qualify, for all subsequent taxable years
unless revoked with the consent of the Secretary.

The time and manner to make this election is not prescribed by statute but rather is
prescribed by Treas. Reg. § 301.9100-8. Pursuant to Treas. Reg. § 301.9100-8(a)(2),
the election is to be made by the due date (taking into account any extensions of time to
file obtained by the taxpayer) of the tax return for the first taxable year for which the
election is to be effective by attaching a statement to the tax return containing the
information specified in Treas. Reg. § 301.9100-8(a)(3). Accordingly, the
§ 831(b)(2)(A)(ii) election is a regulatory election. See, Treas. Reg. § 301.9100-1(b).

PLR-136337-14 3

Under Treas. Reg. § 301.9100-1(c), the Commissioner may grant a reasonable
extension of time (but no more than six months except in the case of a taxpayer who is
abroad) under the rules set forth in Treas. Regs. §§ 301.9100-2 and 301.9100-3 to
make a regulatory or statutory election.

Treas. Reg. § 301.9100-2 does not provide relief for Taxpayer to make an election
under § 831(b)(2)(A)(ii) for any of the Years for which relief is sought. Requests for
extensions of time for regulatory elections that do not meet the requirements of Treas.
Reg. § 301.9100-2 must be made under Treas. Reg. § 301.9100-3. Treas. Reg.
§ 301.9100-3(a) provides that certain extension requests require the taxpayer to
establish to the satisfaction of the Commissioner that it “acted reasonably and in good
faith" and that "the grant of relief will not prejudice the interests of the Government."

Under Treas. Reg. § 301.9100-3(b), a taxpayer is deemed to have acted reasonably
and in good faith if it:

 Requested relief before the failure to make the election was discovered by the
  Service;
 Failed to make the election because of events beyond the taxpayer's control;
 Failed to make the election because, after exercising reasonable diligence
  (taking into account the taxpayer’s experience and the complexity of the return or
  issue), the taxpayer was unaware of the need for the election;
 Reasonably relied on written advice from the Service; or
 Reasonably relied on a qualified tax professional, including a tax professional
  employed by the taxpayer, and the tax professional failed to make, or advise the
  taxpayer to make, the election.

Under Treas. Reg. § 301.9100-3(b)(2), a taxpayer will not be considered to have
reasonably relied on a qualified tax professional if the taxpayer knew or should have
known that the professional was not: (i) competent to render advice on the regulatory
election; or (ii) aware of all relevant facts.

Under Treas. Reg. § 301.9100-3(b)(3), a taxpayer is deemed to not have acted
reasonably and in good faith if it:

 Seeks to alter a return position for which an accuracy-related penalty has been or
  could be imposed under § 6662 and the new position requires or permits a
  regulatory election for which relief is requested;
 Was informed in all material respects of the required election and related tax
  consequences, but chose not to file the election; or
 Uses hindsight in requesting relief.

PLR-136337-14 4

The Commissioner will grant a reasonable extension of time to make a regulatory
election only when the interests of the Government will not be prejudiced by the
granting of relief. Treas. Reg. § 301.9100-3(c)(1).

The interests of the Government are prejudiced if granting relief would result in a
taxpayer having a lower tax liability in the aggregate for all taxable years affected by the
election than the taxpayer would have had if the election had been timely made (taking
into account the time value of money). Treas. Reg. § 301.9100-3(c)(1)(i).

The interests of the Government are ordinarily prejudiced if the taxable year in which
the regulatory election should have been made, or any taxable years that would have
been affected by the election had it been timely made, are closed by the period of
limitations on assessment under section 6501(a) of the Code. In those cases, the
Service may condition a grant of relief on the taxpayer providing the Service with a
statement from an independent auditor (other than an auditor providing an affidavit
pursuant to Treas. Reg. § 301.9100-3(e)(3)) certifying that the interests of the
Government are not prejudiced. Treas. Reg. § 301.9100-3(c)(1)(ii).

Treas. Reg. § 301.9100-1(a) cautions that granting an extension of time to make an
election is not a determination that the taxpayer is otherwise eligible to make the
election.

Based solely on Taxpayer’s representations, the additional information required under
Treas. Reg. § 301.9100-3(e), and the statement described in Treas. Reg. § 301.9100-
3(c)(1)(ii), Taxpayer qualifies for an extension of time to make the election under
§ 831(b)(2)(A)(ii). Taxpayer is deemed to have acted in good faith, as defined by
§ 301.9100-3(b), and the grant of relief will not prejudice the interests of the
Government because Taxpayer will not have a lower tax than if the election had been
timely made.

RULING

Accordingly, under Treas. Reg. § 301.9100-3, Taxpayer is granted an extension of time
until 60 days following the date of this letter to make the election provided by
§ 831(b)(2)(A)(ii) effective for Year 1, Year 2, Year 3, and Year 4.

CAVEATS

The rulings contained in this letter are based upon information and representations
submitted by the taxpayer and accompanied by a penalty of perjury statement executed
by an appropriate party. While this office has not verified any of the material submitted
in support of the request for rulings, it is subject to verification on examination.

PLR-136337-14 5

Except as expressly provided above, no opinion is expressed or implied concerning the
federal income tax consequences of any other aspects of any transaction or item of
income and no ruling granted as to whether Taxpayer qualifies as an insurance
company under Part II of subchapter L or is otherwise eligible to make the election
provided by § 831(b)(2)(A)(ii).

This ruling is directed only to the taxpayer(s) requesting it. Section 6110(k)(3) of the
Code provides that it may not be used or cited as precedent.

In accordance with a power of attorney on file in this office, a copy of this letter is being
sent to your authorized representatives.

                                    Sincerely,

                                    /S/

                                    JOHN E. GLOVER
                                    Senior Counsel, Branch 4
                                    Office of the Associate Chief Counsel
                                    (Financial Institutions & Products)