Retroactive QEF election approved after adviser failures

Plain-English summary

A U.S. citizen living abroad owned shares of a foreign company that became a passive foreign investment company. Several tax advisers had access to the relevant records but did not tell the taxpayer that the company was a PFIC or that a qualified electing fund election was available. A new adviser later identified the issue through its annual PFIC review. The taxpayer requested relief before the IRS raised the matter on audit, entered into a closing agreement, and paid enough to eliminate prejudice to the government from closed amended-return years. The IRS allowed a retroactive QEF election back to the company's first PFIC year, subject to the regulatory filing rules.

Ruling snapshot

• Question: Could the taxpayer make a retroactive qualified electing fund election for the foreign company?
• Outcome: Approved, subject to the time-and-manner rules and the closing agreement
• Key authorities: IRC § 1295; Treas. Reg. § 1.1295-3(f), (g)

Full text (IRS public release)

Internal Revenue Service Department of the Treasury
Washington, DC 20224

Number: 201507001 Third Party Communication: None
Release Date: 2/13/2015 Date of Communication: Not Applicable
Index Number: 1295.02-02
Person To Contact:
---------------------------- ---------------------------, ID No. ---------------
---------------------- -----------------
----------------------------- Telephone Number:
------------- ----------------------
Refer Reply To:
CC:INTL:B02
PLR-103277-13
Date:
October 22, 2014

Taxpayer = -------------------------------------------------
FC = ---------------------------------------------
Country = ------------
Year 1 = -------
Year 2 = -------
Year 3 = -------
Year 4 = -------
Year 5 = -------
Year 6 = -------
Year 7 = -------
Date 1 = -----------------------
Date 2 = -----------------------
Date 3 = ------------------------

A = ----

$B = ------------
Tax Advisor A = -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Tax Advisor B = -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Tax Advisor C = --------------------------
Current Tax Advisor = --------------------------------------------

Dear ----------------------:

This is in response to a letter dated December 20, 2012, and subsequent
correspondence submitted by Taxpayer’s authorized representatives that requested the
consent of the Commissioner of the Internal Revenue Service (“Commissioner”) to
make a retroactive qualified electing fund ("QEF") election under section 1295(b) of the

PLR-103277-13 2

Internal Revenue Code (the “Code”) and Treas. Reg. § 1.1295-3(f) with respect to
Taxpayer’s investment in FC.

The ruling contained in this letter is based upon information and representations
submitted by Taxpayer and accompanied by a penalty of perjury statement executed by
an appropriate party. While this office has not verified any of the material submitted in
support of the request for rulings, it is subject to verification on examination.

FACTS

Taxpayer is a U.S. citizen who has resided in and paid taxes to Country since Year 4.
On or about Date 1, Taxpayer acquired #A Class A common shares of FC for $B per
share. Effective Date 2, FC became a passive foreign investment company (“PFIC”)
with respect to Taxpayer and continues to be a PFIC with respect to Taxpayer.

Taxpayer relied on several tax advisors to prepare his income tax returns and to provide
advice with respect to appropriate tax elections and assistance with identifying any
special tax filing requirements, such as those related to PFICs. From Year 1 until Year
3, Taxpayer engaged Tax Advisor A. From Year 4 until Year 5, Taxpayer engaged Tax
Advisor B. In Year 6, Taxpayer retained Tax Advisor C. Taxpayer represents that he
provided these tax advisors with complete access to his records, including financial
information of FC for all relevant years, and all of the facts and circumstances regarding
Taxpayer’s ownership of FC. Taxpayer further represents that, prior to Year 7, no tax
advisor informed him that FC was a PFIC or that a QEF election was available.

In late Year 7, Taxpayer retained a new accounting firm, Current Tax Advisor. On or
about Date 3, pursuant to its annual process of reviewing and monitoring investments
for PFIC purposes, Current Tax Advisor discovered that FC had been a PFIC with
respect to Taxpayer since Year 2.

Taxpayer submitted affidavits, under penalties of perjury, describing the events that led
to his failure to make a QEF election with respect to FC by the election due date,
including the roles of Tax Advisor A, Tax Advisor B, Tax Advisor C, and Current Tax
Advisor.

Taxpayer has paid an amount sufficient to eliminate any prejudice to the United States
government as a consequence of his inability to file amended returns, in accordance
with a signed closing agreement between Taxpayer and the Commissioner. Further,
Taxpayer has agreed to file an amended return for each of his subsequent taxable
years affected by the retroactive election, if any.

Taxpayer represents that, as of the date of his request for ruling, the PFIC status of FC
had not been raised by the IRS on audit for any of the taxable years at issue.

PLR-103277-13 3

RULING REQUESTED

Taxpayer requests the consent of the Commissioner to make a retroactive QEF election
with respect to FC under Treas. Reg. §1.1295-3(f), retroactive to Year 2.

LAW

Section 1295(a) provides that a PFIC will be treated as a QEF with respect to a
taxpayer if (1) an election by the taxpayer under section 1295(b) applies to such PFIC
for the taxable year; and (2) the PFIC complies with such requirements as the Secretary
may prescribe for purposes of determining the ordinary earnings and net capital gains of
such company.

Under section 1295(b)(2), a QEF election may be made for any taxable year at any time
on or before the due date (determined with regard to extensions) for filing the return for
such taxable year. To the extent provided in regulations, such an election may be made
after such due date if the taxpayer failed to make an election by the due date because
the taxpayer reasonably believed the company was not a PFIC.

Under Treas. Reg. §1.1295-3(f), a shareholder may request the consent of the
Commissioner to make a retroactive QEF election for a taxable year if:

   1. the shareholder reasonably relied on a qualified tax professional, within the
      meaning of Treas. Reg. § 1.1295-3(f)(2);
   2. granting consent will not prejudice the interests of the United States
      government, as provided in Treas. Reg. § 1.1295-3(f)(3);
   3. the request is made before a representative of the Internal Revenue Service
      raises upon audit the PFIC status of the corporation for any taxable year of
      the shareholder; and
   4. the shareholder satisfies the procedural requirements of Treas. Reg.
      § 1.1295-3(f)(4).

The procedural requirements include filing a request for consent to make a retroactive
election with, and submitting a user fee to, the Office of the Associate Chief Counsel
(International). Treas. Reg. § 1.1295-3(f)(4)(i). Additionally, affidavits signed under
penalties of perjury must be submitted that describe:

   1. the events that led to the failure to make a QEF election by the election due
      date;
   2. the discovery of such failure;
   3. the engagement and responsibilities of the qualified tax professional; and
   4. the extent to which the shareholder relied on such professional.

Treas. Reg. §§ 1.1295-3(f)(4)(ii) and (iii).

PLR-103277-13 4

CONCLUSION

Based on the information submitted and representations made with Taxpayer’s ruling
request, we conclude that Taxpayer has satisfied Treas. Reg. § 1.1295-3(f).
Accordingly, consent is granted to Taxpayer to make a retroactive QEF election with
respect to FC for Year 2, provided that Taxpayer complies with the rules under Treas.
Reg. § 1.1295-3(g) regarding the time and manner for making the retroactive QEF
election. We have, consequently, approved a closing agreement with Taxpayer with
respect to those issues affecting his tax liability on the basis set forth above. Pursuant
to our practice with respect to such agreements, the agreement contains a stipulation to
the effect that any change or modification of applicable statutes enacted subsequent to
the date of this agreement and made applicable to the taxable period involved will
render the agreement ineffective to the extent that it is dependent upon such statutes.

Except as expressly provided herein, no opinion is expressed or implied concerning the
tax consequences of any aspect of any transaction or item discussed or referenced in
this letter.

This ruling is directed only to the taxpayer requesting it. Section 6110(k)(3) of the Code
provides that it may not be used or cited as precedent.

A copy of this letter must be attached to any income tax return to which it is relevant.
Alternatively, taxpayers filing their returns electronically may satisfy this requirement by
attaching a statement to their return that provides the date and control number of the
letter ruling.

In accordance with the Power of Attorney on file with this office, copies of this letter
ruling are being sent to your authorized representatives.

                                   Sincerely,


                                   Jeffery G. Mitchell
                                   Branch Chief, Branch 2
                                   (International)