Investor receives more time for investment-income elections

Plain-English summary

An individual owned a partnership that held portfolio-company stock and incurred interest expense on acquisition debt. The accounting firm mistakenly classified that interest as trade or business expense rather than investment interest for two years. After the individual disclosed the error during an IRS audit, the taxpayer sought to elect under IRC § 163(d)(4)(B) to include capital gains and qualified dividends in investment income so the investment interest could be deducted. The IRS found the taxpayer had reasonably relied on a qualified professional, and the examining agent did not object. It granted 60 days from the ruling date to make the elections for both years.

Ruling snapshot

• Question: Could the taxpayer make late elections to include capital gains and qualified dividends in investment income?
• Outcome: Approved, with 60 days to make the elections for both years
• Key authorities: IRC § 163(d)(4)(B); Treas. Reg. §§ 1.163(d)-1, 301.9100-1, and 301.9100-3; Rev. Rul. 83-74

Full text (IRS public release)

Internal Revenue Service Department of the Treasury
Washington, DC 20224

Number: 201505010 Third Party Communication: None
Release Date: 1/30/2015 Date of Communication: Not Applicable
Index Number: 9100.00-00
Person To Contact:
------------------------- -----------------------, ID No. -------------------
---------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------ Telephone Number:
----------------------
Refer Reply To:
CC:ITA:2
PLR-117934-14
Date:
October 27, 2014

Legend:

Taxpayer = -------------------------

Year 1 = -------

Year 2 = -------

Partnership = ------------------

Portfolio Companies = ----------------------------------------------

Accounting Firm = -----------------------

Date = -----------------------

Dear ---------------

   This is in response to a recent letter requesting an extension of time for Taxpayer

to make late elections under section 163(d)(4)(B) of the Internal Revenue Code for Year
1 and Year 2. These elections will seek to include part of qualified dividends and/or net
capital gains from the disposition of property held for investment in investment income
for Year 1 and Year 2. See section 163(d)(4)(B) of the Internal Revenue Code and
section 1.163(d)-1 of the Income Tax Regulations.

  The request to make the late election is based on sections 301.9100-1 and

301.9100-3 of the Procedure and Administration Regulations.

                                              FACTS

PLR-117934-14 2

  Taxpayer is an individual who files Form 1040 on a calendar year basis. The

years at issue are Year 1 and Year 2.

    Taxpayer is the principal owner of Partnership, a limited liability company that is

currently taxed as a partnership for federal tax purposes. Partnership holds interests in
Portfolio Companies. Portfolio Companies are Subchapter C corporations that are each
engaged in an active trade or business. Partnership has individuals that provide back
office support for Portfolio Companies. Partnership’s activity is a trade or business
activity within the meaning of section 162 of the Code.

   For Year 1 and Year 2, Partnership had interest expense that was attributable to

debt that had financed the acquisition of the Portfolio Companies.

   For Year 1 and Year 2, Partnership engaged Accounting Firm to prepare its tax

returns. Accounting Firm also provided Taxpayer with information relevant to the
preparation of his individual returns.

    On the relevant tax returns for both Year 1 and Year 2, Partnership’s interest

expense associated with the acquisition of Portfolio Companies was erroneously
classified as trade or business interest expense associated with Partnership’s trade or
business activity. At the time the relevant tax returns were filed, all parties believed that
the interest expense had been properly classified.

    Taxpayer now believes that the activity of holding shares in Portfolio Companies

is an investment activity and should not be considered a part of the management trade
or business activity conducted by Partnership.

   On Date, Taxpayer received notice that his Year 1 tax return was under audit by

the Internal Revenue Service. As part of the audit, Taxpayer voluntarily disclosed that
the classification of the interest expense on the original returns was erroneous.

  By affidavit, Accounting Firm has confirmed that its error led to the interest

expense being inadvertently classified as a trade or business expense on the returns of
Taxpayer and Partnership for Year 1 and Year 2.

   If the interest expense had been properly characterized, Taxpayer would have

been subject to the limitation on the deduction of investment interest expense contained
in section 163(d) unless Taxpayer elected to treat amounts of capital gain and qualified
dividend income as “investment income” under section 163(d)(4)(B).

  Accordingly, Taxpayer submitted a request for relief under section 301.9100-3 to

make late elections to treat part of capital gain and qualified dividend income as
investment income in order to fully deduct the investment interest expense at issue.

PLR-117934-14 3

The examining agent does not object to the granting of Taxpayer’s request to make the
late elections at issue.

                                 LAW & ANALYSIS

  Section 163(d)(1) provides that, in the case of a taxpayer other than a

corporation, the amount allowed as a deduction for investment interest for any taxable
year shall not exceed the net investment income of the taxpayer for the taxable year.

  Section 163(d)(4)(B) provides, in pertinent part, that investment income means

the sum of:

   (i) gross income from property held for investment (other than any gain taken into
   account under clause (ii)(I)),

   (ii) the excess (if any) of --
            (I) the net gain attributable to the disposition of property held for
            investment, over
            (II) the net capital gain determined solely by taking into account gains and
            losses from dispositions of property held for investment, plus

   (iii) so much of the net capital gain referred to in clause (ii)(II) (or, if lesser, the
   net gain referred to in clause (ii)(I)) as Taxpayer elects to take into account under
   this clause.

   Additionally section 163(d)(4)(B) provides that “net investment income" shall

include qualified dividend income (as defined in section 1(h)(11)(B)) only to the extent
the taxpayer elects to treat such income as investment income for purposes of this
subsection.

  To the extent relevant here, section 1.163(d)-1(b) provides that the election

under section 163(d)(4)(B)(iii) must be made on or before the due date (including
extensions) of the income tax return for the taxable year in which the net capital gain is
recognized.

   Taxpayer now requests an extension of time to make the election under section

163(d)(4)(B)(iii). Taxpayer’s situation is analogous to other taxpayers who: (a) have not
made a particular election provided in the regulations because of inadequate or
incorrect advice from knowledgeable tax professionals; and (b) subsequently seek
extensions of time under section 9100 of the Regulations on Procedure and
Administration. See Rev. Rul. 83-74, 1983-1 C.B. 112.

PLR-117934-14 4

   Sections 301.9100-1 through 301.9100-3 provide the standards the

Commissioner uses to determine whether to grant an extension of time to make a
regulatory election.

  Section 301.9100-1(b) defines the term “regulatory election” as an election

whose due date is prescribed by a regulation published in the Federal Register, or a
revenue ruling, revenue procedure, notice or announcement published in the Internal
Revenue Bulletin.

   Section 301.9100-1(c) provides that the Commissioner may grant a reasonable

extension of time to make a regulatory election, or a statutory election (but no more than
six months except in the case of a taxpayer who is abroad), under all subtitles of the
Internal Revenue Code except subtitles E, G, H, and I.

  In this case, Taxpayer has represented that Taxpayer is not foreclosed from

being granted an extension of time under section 9100 of the Regulations on Procedure
and Administration based on any condition contained in section 301.9100-1.

    Section 301.9100-3(a) provides that requests for extensions of time for regulatory

elections (other than automatic changes covered under section 301.9100-2) will be
granted when the taxpayer provides evidence to establish to the satisfaction of the
Commissioner that the taxpayer acted reasonably and in good faith, and that granting
relief will not prejudice the interests of the Government.

  Section 301.9100-3(b)(1) provides that a taxpayer will be deemed to have acted

reasonably and in good faith if the taxpayer--

         (i) requests relief before the failure to make the regulatory election is
         discovered by the Service;

         (ii) inadvertently failed to make the election because of intervening events
         beyond the taxpayer's control;

         (iii) failed to make the election because, after exercising due diligence, the
         taxpayer was unaware of the necessity for the election;

         (iv) reasonably relied on the written advice of the Service; or

         (v) reasonably relied on a qualified tax professional, and the tax
         professional failed to make, or advise Taxpayer to make the election.

   In this case, Taxpayer has represented that Taxpayer acted reasonably and in

good faith because Taxpayer reasonably relied on a qualified tax professional, and the
tax professional failed to make, or advise Taxpayer to make, the election. This

PLR-117934-14 5

representation is supported by an affidavit from Accounting Firm. Thus, Taxpayer is not
foreclosed from being granted an extension of time under section 9100 of the
Regulations on Procedure and Administration based on section 301.9100-3(b)(1).

  Under section 301.9100-3(b)(3), a taxpayer will not be considered to have acted

reasonably and in good faith if Taxpayer --

   (i) seeks to alter a return position for which an accuracy-related penalty has been
   or could be imposed under section 6662 at the time Taxpayer requests relief
   (taking into account any qualified amended return filed within the meaning of §
   1.6664-2(c)(3)) and the new position requires a regulatory election for which
   relief is requested;

   (ii) was informed in all material respects of the required election and related tax
   consequences, but chose not to file the election; or

   (iii) uses hindsight in requesting relief. If specific facts have changed since the
   original deadline that make the election advantageous to a taxpayer, the Service
   will not ordinarily grant relief.

   In this case, Taxpayer has represented that none of the factors set forth in

section 301.9100-3(b)(3) above apply. Thus, Taxpayer is not foreclosed from being
considered to have acted reasonably and in good faith by any of the conditions
contained section 301.9100-3(b)(3).

    Section 301.9100-3(c)(1) provides that the Commissioner will grant a reasonable

extension of time to make a regulatory election only when the interests of the
Government will not be deemed to be prejudiced by the granting of relief. Under
paragraph (c)(1)(i), the interests of the government are deemed to be prejudiced if
granting relief would result in a taxpayer having a lower tax liability in the aggregate for
all taxable years affected by the election than the taxpayer would have had if the
election had been timely made (taking into account the time value of money). Under
paragraph (c)(1)(ii), the interests of the government are ordinarily prejudiced if the
taxable year in which the regulatory election should have been made is closed by the
period of limitations on assessment under section 6501(a) before the taxpayer's receipt
of a ruling granting relief under this section. Paragraph (c)(1)(ii) provides that the IRS
may condition a grant of relief on the taxpayer providing the IRS with a statement from
an independent auditor certifying that the interests of the government are not
prejudiced.

  In this case, Taxpayer has represented that Taxpayer is not foreclosed from relief

by any of the conditions contained section 301.9100-3(c)(1).

PLR-117934-14 6

                                  CONCLUSION

   The Commissioner consents to an extension of time (to 60 days following the

date of this ruling) for Taxpayer to make the elections at issue for Year 1 and Year 2
pursuant to section 163(d)(4)(B).

   Except as expressly provided herein, no opinion is expressed or implied

concerning the tax consequences of any aspect of any transaction or item discussed or
referenced in this letter.

  This ruling is directed only to Taxpayer requesting it. Section 6110(k)(3) of the

Code provides that it may not be used or cited as precedent.

   A copy of this letter must be attached to any income tax return to which it is

relevant. Alternatively, taxpayers filing their returns electronically may satisfy this
requirement by attaching a statement to their return that provides the date and control
number of the letter ruling.

    The rulings contained in this letter are based upon information and

representations submitted by Taxpayer and accompanied by a penalty of perjury
statement executed by an appropriate party. While this office has not verified any of
the material submitted, it is subject to verification by the Tax Court or by any party with
jurisdiction over the matter within the Internal Revenue Service.

                                      Sincerely,



                                      __________________________
                                      Thomas D. Moffitt
                                      Chief, Branch 2
                                      (Income Tax & Accounting)