IRS approves interest-free medical education loans

Plain-English summary

A private foundation asked the IRS to approve an interest-free educational loan program for medical students at a designated school. Applicants must show that financial assistance is necessary to acquire, complete, or continue their medical education and that they lack other means of obtaining the funds. The foundation selects recipients, sets repayment terms, pays proceeds directly to the school, and monitors the use of the funds. The IRS approved the procedures under IRC § 4945(g)(3), so loans made under the approved procedures will not be taxable expenditures. The approval applies only while the program's standards and procedures remain substantially as described.

Ruling snapshot

• Question: Do the foundation's interest-free medical education loan procedures satisfy IRC § 4945(g)(3)?
• Outcome: Approved.
• Key authorities: IRC §§ 74, 117, 170, 4945(g)(3), 4946; Treas. Reg. § 53.4945-4(c)(1); Rev. Rul. 77-434.

Full text (IRS public release)

Internal Revenue Service Department of the Treasury
P.O. Box 2508
Cincinnati, OH 45201

Release Number: 201445022
Release Date: 11/7/2014 Employer Identification Number:
Date: AUGUST 13, 2014

Contact person - ID number:

Contact telephone number:

LEGEND UIL: 4945.04-04

X=
Y=

Dear :

You asked for advance approval of your educational loan procedures under Internal
Revenue Code section 4945(g)(3). This approval is required because you are a private
foundation that is exempt from federal income tax.

Our determination

We approved your procedures for awarding educational loans. Based on the information
you submitted, and assuming you will conduct your program as proposed, we determined
that your procedures for awarding educational loans meet the requirements of Code
section 4945(g)(3). As a result, expenditures you make under these procedures won’t be
taxable.

Description of your request

Your letter indicates that you will operate an educational loan program called X.

Your purpose is to engages in charitable activities by enhancing access to higher
education. Specifically, you will provide interest free loans to students at the Y who meet
the criteria set forth in the trust agreement.

The number of loans that will be awarded each year and the amount of each scholarship
will vary depending on the amount of funds available to be distributed.

Per your trust document, no interest is to be charged on any loan made from the fund.
You will determine the duration and method of repayment and the extension,
postponement or cancellation of any loan.

The loan is publicized to students by Y, whose Financial Aid Office makes applications
available to eligible students.

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You maintain information and documentation of the loan recipients, such as; case
histories including names, addresses, purposes of awards, amount of each loan, manner
of selection, and relationship (if any) to officers, trustees, or donors of funds. You
maintain such information and documentation until the applicable statute of limitations
period expires.

Students who are or will be admitted or enrolled in Y who are acquiring a medical
education which will culminate in the degree of Doctor of Medicine, or any related or
advance degree are eligible to apply.

Semiannually, you advise the Y of the amount available for loans. You review the
applications and select students who demonstrate that financial assistance is necessary
to enable them to acquire, complete or continue their medical education and who do not
have access to or means of acquiring funds for that purpose. All loans are awarded on an
objective and non-discriminatory basis. No loans are awarded to any disqualified person
as defined in Code Section 4946.

The amount of each loan is to be determined by you based on available.

If the student continues to provide evidence of the qualifications and a financial need, and
you determine the student is worthy and in need of assistance, you may continue
financial assistance to any student by additional or continuing loans.

You pay the loan proceeds directly to Y for the benefit of the recipient. You provide a
letter to the university specifying that the university’s acceptance of the funds constitutes
the university’s agreement to (i) refund any unused portion of the loan if the recipient fails
to meet any term or condition of the loan; and (ii) notify the trustee if the loan recipient
fails to meet any term or condition of the loan. If the university will not agree to such
terms, you will obtain the needed reports and grade transcripts from the loan recipient.

The trust document names you as members of selection committee.

You will investigate diversions of funds from their intended purposes and take all
reasonable and appropriate steps to recover diverted funds.

Basis for our determination

The law imposes certain excise taxes on the taxable expenditures of private foundations
(Code section 4945). A taxable expenditure is any amount a private foundation pays as a
grant to an individual for travel, study, or other similar purposes. However, a grant that
meets all of the following requirements of Code section 4945(g) is not a taxable
expenditure.

• The foundation awards the grant on an objective and nondiscriminatory basis.

• The IRS approves in advance the procedure for awarding the grant.

• The grant is:

Letter 4779 (10-2012)
Catalog Number 58222Y

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• A scholarship or fellowship subject to section 117(a) and is to be used for
  study at an educational organization described in section 170(b)(1)(A)(ii); or

• A prize or award subject to the provisions of section 74(b), if the recipient of
  the prize or award is selected from the general public; or

• To achieve a specific objective; produce a report or similar product; or
  improve or enhance a literary, artistic, musical, scientific, teaching, or other
  similar skill or talent of the recipient.

To receive approval of its educational grant procedures, Treasury Regulations section
53.4945-4(c)(1) requires that a private foundation show:

• The grant procedure includes an objective and nondiscriminatory selection
process.

• The grant procedure results in the recipients performing the activities the grants
were intended to finance.

• The foundation plans to obtain reports to determine whether the recipients have
performed the activities that the grants were intended to finance.

Long-term, low-interest loans that private foundations make for educational purposes can
be considered grants under Code section 4945(g)(3) and Revenue Ruling 77-434, 1977 2
C.B. 420.

Other conditions that apply to this determination

• This determination covers only the loan program described above. This approval
will apply to succeeding loan programs only if their standards and procedures
don’t differ significantly from those described in your original request.

• This determination applies only to you. It may not be cited as precedent.

• You cannot rely on the conclusions in this letter if the facts you provided have
changed substantially. You must report any significant changes in your program to
the Cincinnati Office of Exempt Organizations at:

Internal Revenue Service

Exempt Organizations Determinations
P.O. Box 2508

Cincinnati, OH 45201

• You cannot make loans to your creators, officers, directors, trustees, foundation
managers, or members of selection committees or their relatives.

• All funds distributed to individuals must be made on a charitable basis and must
further the purposes of your organization. You cannot award grants for a purpose
that is inconsistent with Code section 170(c)(2)(B).

Letter 4779 (10-2012)
Catalog Number 58222Y

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• You should keep adequate records and case histories so that you can substantiate
your loan distributions with the IRS if necessary.

Please keep a copy of this letter in your records.

If you have any questions, please contact the person listed at the top of this letter.

Sincerely,

Director, Exempt Organizations

Letter 4779 (10-2012)
Catalog Number 58222Y