Former citizen may make a retroactive QEF election

Plain-English summary

A former U.S. citizen owned a foreign corporation that was a passive foreign investment company while the taxpayer remained a citizen. The taxpayer's original tax adviser did not identify the corporation as a PFIC or advise that a qualified electing fund election was available. A later adviser discovered the issue, and the taxpayer requested permission to make the election retroactive to the corporation's first year. The taxpayer entered a closing agreement, paid enough to eliminate prejudice to the government, and represented that the IRS had not raised the PFIC issue on audit. The IRS found the regulatory requirements satisfied and granted consent for the retroactive QEF election, subject to the required time and manner rules.

Ruling snapshot

• Question: May the taxpayer make a retroactive QEF election for the foreign corporation?
• Outcome: Approved, subject to the time and manner requirements
• Key authorities: IRC §§ 1295 and 1297; Treas. Reg. § 1.1295-3(f) and (g)

Full text (IRS public release)

Internal Revenue Service Department of the Treasury
Washington, DC 20224

Number: 201417009 Third Party Communication: None
Release Date: 4/25/2014 Date of Communication: Not Applicable
Index Number: 1295.02-02
Person To Contact:
------------------------- ------------------------, ID No. --------------
---------------------------------------------- Telephone Number:
------------------------------------- ----------------------
------------------------------------- Refer Reply To:
---------------------------------------------------- CC:INTL:B02
PLR-145370-08
Date:
January 8, 2014

              TY:-------

Legend

Taxpayer = --------------------
-------------------

FC = ------------------------------------------
-----------------

Year 1 = -------

Year 2 = -------

Year 3 = -------

Firm Q = ---------------------

Firm R = ---------------------------

Dear -------------------------:

This is in response to letters dated October 17, 2008, and May 6, 2009, and subsequent
correspondence submitted by Taxpayer’s authorized representative, that requested the
consent of the Commissioner of the Internal Revenue Service (“Commissioner”) for
Taxpayer to make a retroactive qualified electing fund ("QEF") election under section
1295(b) of the Internal Revenue Code ("Code") and Treas. Reg. §1.1295-3(f) with
respect to Taxpayer’s investment in FC.

The ruling contained in this letter is based upon information and representations
submitted on behalf of Taxpayer by his authorized representative, and accompanied by

PLR-145370-08 2

a penalties of perjury statement executed by an appropriate party. While this office has
not verified any of the material submitted in support of this request for ruling, such
material is subject to verification on examination. The information submitted in the
request is substantially as set forth below.

FACTS

Taxpayer is a former U.S. citizen who owns an interest in FC, a foreign corporation that
constitutes a PFIC within the meaning of section 1297. Taxpayer was a U.S. citizen in
Year 1 when FC was formed. FC continued to qualify as a PFIC through its Year 3 tax
year, when Taxpayer ceased to be a U.S. citizen.

For Year 1 through Year 2, Taxpayer engaged Firm Q for preparation of his individual
U.S. tax return. Firm Q employs experienced tax professionals to provide tax advice on
a wide variety of tax matters, including international tax. Firm Q advised Taxpayer with
regard to U.S. federal income tax matters, including Taxpayer’s ownership of FC.
Taxpayer relied on Firm Q to provide advice with respect to filing and reporting
requirements in general, as well as any elections or statements that would be necessary
to elect specific tax treatment.

In Year 2, FC engaged Firm R to provide tax services in connection with the U.S. tax
implication of various related investments. In the course of this evaluation, Firm R
determined that FC might qualify as a PFIC under section 1297 beginning in Year 1 with
respect to Taxpayer. Based on Firm R’s determination regarding the potential PFIC
status of FC, Taxpayer requested Firm R to submit a private letter ruling request to
make a retroactive QEF election with respect to FC under Treas. Reg. §1.1295-3(f),
retroactive to Year 1, and effective for all subsequent years.

Taxpayer has submitted an affidavit, under penalties of perjury, describing the events
that led to his failure to make the QEF election by the election due date, including the
roles of Firm Q and Firm R. Taxpayer represents that he provided information
regarding the ownership and financial data of FC to Firm Q. Taxpayer represents that,
in the relevant years: (1) FC was not identified as a PFIC; and (2) Taxpayer did not
receive any advice regarding the availability of a QEF election with respect to FC.

Taxpayer has paid an amount sufficient to eliminate any prejudice to the United States
government as a consequence of his inability to file amended returns, in accordance
with a signed closing agreement between Taxpayer and the Commissioner. Further,
Taxpayer has agreed to file an amended return for each of his subsequent taxable
years affected by the retroactive election, if any.

Taxpayer represents that, as of the date of this request for ruling, the PFIC status of FC
has not been raised by the IRS on audit for any of the taxable years at issue.

PLR-145370-08 3

RULING REQUESTED

Taxpayer requests the consent of the Commissioner to make a retroactive QEF election
with respect to FC under Treas. Reg. §1.1295-3(f), retroactive to Year 1.

LAW

Section 1295(a) provides that a PFIC will be treated as a QEF with respect to a
taxpayer if (1) an election by the taxpayer under section 1295(b) applies to such PFIC
for the taxable year; and (2) the PFIC complies with such requirements as the Secretary
may prescribe for purposes of determining the ordinary earnings and net capital gains of
such company.

Under section 1295(b)(2), a QEF election may be made for any taxable year at any time
on or before the due date (determined with regard to extensions) for filing the return for
such taxable year. To the extent provided in regulations, such an election may be made
after such due date if the taxpayer failed to make an election by the due date because
the taxpayer reasonably believed the company was not a PFIC.

Under Treas. Reg. §1.1295-3(f), a shareholder may request the consent of the
Commissioner to make a retroactive QEF election for a taxable year if:

   1. the shareholder reasonably relied on a qualified tax professional, within the
      meaning of Treas. Reg. §1.1295-3(f)(2);
   2. granting consent will not prejudice the interests of the United States
      government, as provided in Treas. Reg. §1.1295-3(f)(3);
   3. the request is made before a representative of the Internal Revenue Service
      raises upon audit the PFIC status of the corporation for any taxable year of
      the shareholder; and
   4. the shareholder satisfies the procedural requirements of Treas. Reg. §1.1295-
      3(f)(4).

The procedural requirements include filing a request for consent to make a retroactive
election with, and submitting a user fee to, the Office of the Associate Chief Counsel
(International). Treas. Reg. §1.1295-3(f)(4)(i). Additionally, affidavits signed under
penalties of perjury must be submitted that describe:

   1. the events that led to the failure to make a QEF election by the election due
      date;
   2. the discovery of such failure;
   3. the engagement and responsibilities of the qualified tax professional; and
   4. the extent to which the shareholder relied on such professional.

Treas. Reg. §§1.1295-3(f)(4)(ii) and (iii).

PLR-145370-08 4

CONCLUSION

Based on the information submitted and representations made with Taxpayer’s ruling
request, we conclude that Taxpayer has satisfied Treas. Reg. §1.1295-3(f).
Accordingly, consent is granted to Taxpayer to make a retroactive QEF election with
respect to FC for Year 1, provided that Taxpayer complies with the rules under Treas.
Reg. §1.1295-3(g) regarding the time and manner for making the retroactive QEF
election. We have, accordingly, approved a closing agreement with the Taxpayer with
respect to those issues affecting his tax liability on the basis set forth above. Pursuant
to our practice with respect to such agreements, the agreement contains a stipulation to
the effect that any change or modification of applicable statutes enacted subsequent to
the date of this agreement and made applicable to the taxable period involved will
render the agreement ineffective to the extent that it is dependent upon such statutes.

Except as specifically set forth above, no opinion is expressed or implied concerning the
U.S. federal tax consequences of the facts described above under any other provision
of the Code.

This private letter ruling is directed only to the taxpayer who requested it. Section
6110(k)(3) provides that it may not be used or cited as precedent.

A copy of this letter ruling must be attached to any federal income tax return to which it
is relevant. Alternatively, taxpayers filing their returns electronically may satisfy this
requirement by attaching a statement to their return that provides the date and control
number of the letter ruling.

In accordance with the Power of Attorney on file with this office, a copy of this letter is
being sent to your authorized representative.

                                   Sincerely,




                                   Barbara E. Rasch
                                   Senior Technical Reviewer, Branch 2
                                   (International)