IRS approves a tax-free corporate split-off to resolve shareholder disputes

Plain-English summary

The IRS approved a proposed split-off designed to resolve disagreements between two shareholders of a corporation operating two businesses. The corporation will transfer part of its business assets to a newly formed controlled corporation, then distribute the controlled corporation's stock to one shareholder in exchange for that shareholder's stock in the original corporation. The IRS ruled that the contribution and split-off will qualify as a reorganization under IRC § 368(a)(1)(D), and generally will not trigger gain or loss for the corporations or the departing shareholder. The ruling also addresses carryover bases, holding periods, and allocation of earnings and profits. The IRS did not rule on several separate requirements, including the business-purpose, device, and plan rules under IRC § 355.

Ruling snapshot

• Question: Will the proposed asset contribution and shareholder split-off qualify for the requested nonrecognition treatment?
• Outcome: Approved, for the specific rulings stated and subject to the submitted facts and representations
• Key authorities: IRC §§ 355, 357, 358, 361, 362, 368, 1032, 1223, and 312; Treas. Reg. §§ 1.312-10(a), 1.355-2(b), 1.355-2(d), 1.355-7, and 1.358-1

Full text (IRS public release)

Internal Revenue Service Department of the Treasury
Washington, DC 20224

Number: 201411012 Third Party Communication: None
Release Date: 3/14/2014 Date of Communication: Not Applicable
Index Number: 355.00-00, 355.01-01,
368.04-00 Person To Contact:
------------------------, ID No. --------------
------------------------- Telephone Number:
----------------------- --------------------
-------------------- Refer Reply To:
----------------- CC:CORP:5
------------------------------------------------ PLR-128622-13
Date:
December 04, 2013

Legend

Distributing = ---------------------------
-------------------------
------------------------------

Controlled = -------------------------

                                -------------------------------------

Sibling 1 = -------------------------
--------------------------

Sibling 2 = ----------------------
---------------------------

State A = -----------

Year 1 = -------

Year 2 = -------

a = --------

b = --------------

c = ------------------

d = ------------------

Business E = ------------------------------------------------
PLR-128622-13 2

Business F = --------------------------------

Dear ---------------:

  We respond to your June 21, 2013, request for rulings on the Federal income tax

consequences of a proposed transaction. The information submitted in that letter and in
subsequent correspondence is summarized below.

                                           FACTS

   Distributing is a State A corporation that is a cash method taxpayer. It was

founded in Year 1 by the father and mother of the current shareholders, Sibling 1 and
Sibling 2 (collectively the Shareholders). Since Year 2, the Shareholders have owned in
equal amounts the outstanding a shares of Distributing voting common stock.

   Distributing owns approximately b acres of land, which can be distinguished into

various separable tracts, and is directly engaged in Business E and Business F.
Distributing has submitted financial and employment information indicating that it is
actively engaged in these businesses and has had gross receipts and operating
expenses representing the active conduct of a trade or business for each of the past
five years.

   Sibling 1 is President of Distributing, operating and managing the businesses

with active input from Sibling 2 and both siblings’ adult children. In recent years,
however, the Shareholders have disagreed significantly about the direction in which to
take each of the businesses. Therefore, they propose the following transaction:

    (i)     Distributing will form Controlled and transfer to it approximately c percent
            of Distributing’s active trade or business assets, including some of the
            separable tracts of land, in exchange for all of Controlled’s outstanding
            stock (the Contribution).

    (ii)    Distributing will distribute to Sibling 2 all of the Controlled shares in
            exchange for all of Sibling 2’s stock in Distributing (the Split-Off).

After the Split-Off, Sibling 1 will hold all of the outstanding stock of Distributing, which
will remain actively engaged in its historic businesses using the remaining d percent of
its historic business assets. Sibling 2 will hold all of the outstanding stock of Controlled,
PLR-128622-13 3

which will be actively engaged in Business E using the c percent of Distributing’s
historic business assets received in the Contribution.

                             REPRESENTATIONS

  (a)    The total adjusted basis, and the total fair market value, of the assets
         transferred to Controlled in the Contribution each will equal or exceed the
         total liabilities assumed (as determined under section 357(d)) by
         Controlled.

  (b)    The total fair market value of the assets transferred to Controlled in the
         Contribution will exceed the sum of Controlled’s aggregate adjusted basis
         in these assets and the amount of liabilities assumed by Controlled (as
         determined under section 357(d)).

  (c)    Any liabilities to be assumed (as determined under section 357(d)) by
         Controlled in the Contribution were incurred in the ordinary course of
         business and are associated with the assets being transferred.

  (d)    It is not anticipated that any intercorporate debt will exist between
         Distributing and Controlled at the time of, or subsequent to, the Split-Off,
         but any indebtedness that may arise and be owed by Controlled to
         Distributing after the Split-Off will not constitute stock or securities.

  (e)    No part of the Controlled stock to be distributed by Distributing will be
         received by Sibling 2 as a creditor, employee, or in any capacity other
         than that of a shareholder of Distributing.

  (f)    The fair market value of the Controlled stock to be received by Sibling 2
         will be approximately equal to the fair market value of the Distributing
         stock surrendered by Sibling 2 in the Split-Off.

  (g)    The five years of financial information submitted on behalf of Distributing is
         representative of the corporation’s present operations in Businesses E
         and F, and, with regard to each business, there have been no substantial
         operational changes since the date of the last financial statements
         submitted.

  (h)    Following the Split-Off, Distributing and Controlled each will continue the
         active conduct of their respective businesses, independently and with their
         separate employees.

PLR-128622-13 4

 (i)   The Split-Off will be carried out to resolve shareholder disputes by
       avoiding ongoing disagreements relating to the management of the
       businesses that have hindered operation and growth. The Split-Off is
       motivated in whole or substantial part by this corporate business purpose.

 (j)   The Split-Off will not be used principally as a device for the distribution of
       the earnings and profits of Distributing, Controlled, or both.

 (k)   Distributing neither accumulated its receivables nor made extraordinary
       payment of its payables in anticipation of the Split-Off.

 (l)   Payments made in connection with all future transactions, if any, between
       Distributing and Controlled will be for fair market value based on terms
       and conditions arrived at by the parties bargaining at arm’s length. At the
       time of the Split-Off, there is no expectation of any continuing relationship
       between Distributing and Controlled.

 (m)   No two parties to the transaction are investment companies as defined in
       section 368(a)(2)(F)(iii) and (iv).

 (n)   For purposes of section 355(d), immediately after the Split-Off, no person
       (determined after applying section 355(d)(7)) will hold stock possessing 50
       percent or more of the total combined voting power of all classes of
       Distributing stock entitled to vote, or 50 percent or more of the total value
       of shares of all classes of Distributing stock, that was acquired by
       purchase (as defined in section 355(d)(5) and (8)) during the 5-year period
       (determined after applying section 355(d)(6)) ending on the date of the
       Split-Off.

 (o)   For purposes of section 355(d), immediately after the Split-Off, no person
       (determined after applying section 355(d)(7)) will hold stock possessing 50
       percent or more of the total combined voting power of all classes of
       Controlled stock entitled to vote, or 50 percent or more of the total value of
       shares of all classes of Controlled stock, that was acquired by purchase
       (as defined in section 355(d)(5) and (8)) during the 5-year period
       (determined after applying section 355(d)(6)) ending on the date of the
       Split-Off.

 (p)   The Split-Off is not part of a plan or series of related transactions (within
       the meaning of section 1.355-7) pursuant to which one or more persons
       will acquire, directly or indirectly, stock representing a 50 percent or

PLR-128622-13 5

         greater interest (within the meaning of section 355(d)(4)) in Distributing or
         Controlled (including any predecessor or successor of any such
         corporation).

  (q)    Neither Distributing nor Controlled will be a disqualified investment
         corporation (within the meaning of section 355(g)(2)).

  (r)    Distributing, Controlled and each of their respective shareholders will pay
         their own expenses incurred in connection with the Proposed Transaction.

  (s)    Neither the Distributing businesses nor control of an entity conducting
         these businesses was acquired during the five-year period ending on the
         date of the Split-Off in a transaction in which gain or loss was recognized
         (or treated as recognized) in whole or in part. Throughout the five-year
         period ending on the date of the Split-Off, Distributing has been the
         principal owner of the goodwill and significant assets of the businesses
         and it will continue to be the principal owner of its portion of the
         businesses following the Split-Off. Controlled will be the principal owner of
         the goodwill and significant assets of its portion of Business E following
         the Split-Off.

                                   RULINGS

   Based solely on the information submitted and representations set forth above,

we rule as follows:

  (1)    The Contribution by Distributing to Controlled in exchange for all of the
         Controlled stock followed by the Split-Off will constitute a reorganization
         within the meaning of section 368(a)(1)(D). Distributing and Controlled
         each will be a party to a reorganization within the meaning of section
         368(b).

  (2)    Distributing will not recognize any gain or loss on the Contribution
         (sections 357(a) and 361(a)).

  (3)    Controlled will not recognize any gain or loss on the exchange of its stock
         for the assets received from Distributing in the Contribution (section
         1032(a)).

  (4)    Controlled’s basis in each asset received in the Contribution will equal the
         basis of such asset in the hands of Distributing immediately before the
         Contribution (section 362(b)).

PLR-128622-13 6

   (5)    Controlled’s holding period in each asset received in the Contribution will
          include the holding period during which Distributing held such asset
          (section 1223(2)).

   (6)    Distributing will not recognize any gain or loss on the Split-Off (section
          361(c)).

   (7)    Sibling 2 will not recognize gain or loss (and will include no amount in
          income) upon receipt of Controlled stock from Distributing (section
          355(a)(1)).

   (8)    The adjusted basis of the Controlled stock in the hands of Sibling 2 will
          equal the adjusted basis in the Distributing stock to be surrendered in
          exchange thereof, as adjusted under section 1.358-1 (section 358(a)(1)).

   (9)    The holding period of the Controlled stock received by Sibling 2 will
          include the holding period during which Sibling 2 held the Distributing
          stock exchanged therefor, provided that the Distributing stock is held as a
          capital asset on the date of the Split-Off (section 1223(1)).

   (10)   Distributing’s earnings and profits, if any, will be allocated between
          Distributing and Controlled in accordance with section 312(h) and section
          1.312-10(a).

   We express no opinion about the tax treatment of any transaction described

above under other provisions of the Code and regulations or the tax treatment of any
condition existing at the time of, or effect resulting from, any of these transactions that is
not specifically covered by the above rulings. In particular, no opinion is expressed as
to whether the Split-Off satisfies the business purpose requirement of section
1.355-2(b), whether the transaction is used principally as a device for the distribution of
the earnings and profits of the distributing corporation or the controlled corporation or
both (see section 355(a)(1)(B) and section 1.355-2(d)), and whether the Split-Off is part
of a plan (or series of related transactions) under section 355(e)(2)(A)(ii) and section
1.355-7.

  The rulings contained in this ruling letter are based on facts and representations

submitted by the taxpayer and accompanied by a penalties of perjury statement
executed by the appropriate party. This office has not verified any of the materials
submitted in support of the request for rulings. Verification of the information,
representations, and other data may be required as part of the audit process.
PLR-128622-13 7

  This ruling is directed only to the taxpayer who requested it. Section 6110(k)(3)

provides that it may not be used or cited as precedent.

    It is important that a copy of this ruling letter be attached to the Federal income

tax return of each party involved for the taxable year in which the transaction covered by
this letter is consummated. Alternatively, taxpayers filing their returns electronically may
satisfy this requirement by attaching a statement to their returns that provides the date
and control number (PLR-128622-13) of this letter ruling.

   Pursuant to the power of attorney on file in this Office, a copy of this letter is

being sent to Distributing's authorized representative.

                                    Sincerely,


                                    Filiz A Serbes____________
                                    Filiz A. Serbes
                                    Chief, Branch 3
                                    Office of Associate Chief Counsel (Corporate)