PLR 1343016: inadvertent S corporation termination treated as continuing

Plain-English summary

The IRS considered an S corporation whose election terminated after a trust holding its stock failed to make an electing small business trust election. Based on the submitted facts, it found that the termination was inadvertent and that the corporation had continued filing returns as an S corporation. The IRS ruled that the corporation would continue to be treated as an S corporation from the termination date, provided the trust filed the ESBT election and an amended return within 120 days and the other stated conditions were met. The ruling did not decide whether the corporation or trust otherwise qualified for the relevant tax statuses.

Ruling snapshot

• Question: Can an S corporation's election be preserved after an inadvertent termination caused by a trust's missed ESBT election?
• Outcome: Approved, subject to conditions
• Key authorities: IRC §§ 1361, 1362; Treas. Reg. § 1.1361-1(m)

Full text (IRS public release)

Internal Revenue Service Department of the Treasury
Washington, DC 20224

Number: 201343016 Third Party Communication: None
Release Date: 10/25/2013 Date of Communication: Not Applicable
Index Number: 1362.00-00, 1362.04-00
Person To Contact:
---------------------------------- ---------------------------, ID No. --------------
-------------------------------- Telephone Number:
--------------------------- ----------------------
---------------------------------- Refer Reply To:
CC:PSI:B01
PLR-119925-13
Date:
July 23, 2013

Legend:

     X                 =         ----------------------------------

     A                 =          ----------------------

     Trust             =         ---------------------------------------------

     State             =          --------------

     Date 1            =          ----------------------------

     Date 2            =          ------------------------

     Date 3            =          -----------------------

     Date 4            =          ---------------------

     Date 5            =          ------------------------

     Year              =          -------

Dear -------------:

   This letter responds to a letter dated February 13, 2013, submitted on X's behalf

by X’s authorized representative, requesting relief under § 1362(f) of the Internal
PLR-119925-13 2

Revenue Code (the Code).

                                       Facts

   According to the information submitted, X was incorporated under the laws of

State on Date 1 and elected to be an S corporation effective Date 2. Pursuant to an
agreement dated Date 3, A established Trust, a revocable grantor trust, and transferred
X stock to Trust. Trust was a qualifying shareholder of an S corporation pursuant to
§ 1361(c)(2)(A)(i).

   On Date 4, A died and Trust ceased to be a grantor trust. Trust continued to

qualify as an eligible S corporation shareholder under § 1361(c)(2)(A)(ii). X represents
that Trust was eligible to be an ESBT within the meaning of § 1361(e). However, the
trustee of the Trust did not make an election under § 1361(e)(3) to treat Trust as an
ESBT. Therefore, Trust was not a permissible shareholder and, as a result, X’s S
corporation election terminated on Date 5.

   X represents that the circumstances resulting in the termination of X's S

corporation election were inadvertent and not motivated by tax avoidance. X further
represents that X has filed returns consistent with X's status as an S corporation. X and
its shareholders have agreed to make any adjustments the Commissioner may require,
consistent with the treatment of X as an S corporation.

                                 Law and Analysis

  Section 1361(a)(1) defines an “S corporation” as a small business corporation for

which an election under § 1362(a) is in effect.

    Section 1361(b)(1) defines a “small business corporation” as a domestic

corporation which is not an ineligible corporation which does not (A) have more than 75
shareholders, (B) have as a shareholder a person (other than an estate and other than
a trust described in subsection (c)(2)) who is not an individual, (C) have a nonresident
alien as a shareholder, and (D) have more than 1 class of stock.

  Section 1361(c)(2)(A)(v) provides that, for purposes of § 1361(b)(1)(B), trusts

that may be shareholders include an electing small business trust.

     Section 1361(e)(1)(A) provides that an “electing small business trust” means any

trust if (i) such trust does not have as a beneficiary any person other than an (I)
individual, (II) an estate, or (III) an organization described in paragraph (2), (3), (4), or
(5) of § 170(c) or (IV) an organization described in § 170(c)(1) which holds a contingent
interest in such trust and is not a potential current beneficiary; (ii) no interest in such
PLR-119925-13 3

trust was acquired by purchase, and (iii) an election under this subsection applies to
such trust.

    Section 1361(e)(1)(B) provides that the term “electing small business trust” shall

not include (i) any qualified subchapter S trust (as defined in § 1361(d)(3)) if an election
under § 1361(d)(2) applies to any corporation the stock of which is held by such trust,
(ii) any trust exempt from tax under subtitle A, and (iii) any charitable remainder annuity
trust or charitable remainder unitrust (as defined in § 664(d)).

   Section 1361(e)(3) provides that an election under § 1361(e) shall be made by

the trustee. Any such election shall apply to the taxable year of the trust for which made
and all subsequent years of such trust unless revoked with the consent of the Secretary.

   Section 1.1361-1(m)(2)(i) of the Income Tax Regulations provides in part that the

trustee of the trust must make the ESBT election by signing and filing, with the service
center where the S corporation files its income tax return, a statement that meets the
requirements of paragraph (m)(2)(ii) of this section.

  Under § 1.1361-1(m)(2)(iii), if S corporation stock is transferred to a trust, the

ESBT election must be made within the 16-day-and-2-month period beginning on the
day that the stock is transferred to the trust.

  Section 1362(d)(2)(A) provides that an election under § 1362(a) shall be

terminated whenever the corporation ceases to be a small business corporation.

    Section 1362(f) provides that if (1) an election under § 1362(a) by any

corporation (A) was not effective for the taxable year for which made (determined
without regard to § 1362(b)(2)) by reason of a failure to meet the requirements of
§ 1361(b) or to obtain shareholder consents or (B) was terminated under § 1362(d)(2)
or (3), (2) the Secretary determines that the circumstances resulting in the
ineffectiveness or termination were inadvertent, (3) no later than a reasonable period of
time after discovery of the circumstances resulting in the ineffectiveness or termination,
steps were taken (A) so that the corporation is a small business corporation or (B) to
acquire the shareholder consents, and (4) the corporation and each person who was a
shareholder of the corporation at any time during the period specified pursuant to
§ 1362(f), agrees to make such adjustments (consistent with the treatment of the
corporation as an S corporation) as may be required by the Secretary with respect to
such period, then, notwithstanding the circumstances resulting in the ineffectiveness or
termination, the corporation will be treated as an S corporation during the period
specified by the Secretary.

                                    Conclusion

PLR-119925-13 4

   Based on the information submitted and the representations made, we conclude

that X’s S election inadvertently terminated within the meaning of § 1362(f) on Date 5.
Pursuant to the provisions of § 1362(f) and contingent on the filing of the ESBT election
for Trust, X will be treated as an S corporation from Date 5 and thereafter, provided X’s
S corporation was valid and provided that the election was not otherwise terminated
under § 1362(d).

    Within 120 days from the date of this letter, an election to treat Trust as an ESBT

effective Date 5 must be made with the appropriate service center. This ruling is further
contingent upon Trust filing an amended return for Year within 120 days from the date
of this letter. A copy of this letter should be attached to the election. A copy is enclosed
for that purpose.

   Except as expressly provided herein, no opinion is expressed or implied

concerning the tax consequences of any aspect of any transaction or item discussed or
referenced in this letter. Specifically, no opinion is expressed on whether X was or is
otherwise eligible to be treated as an S corporation or whether Trust is eligible to be an
ESBT.

  This ruling is directed only to the taxpayers requesting it. Section 6110(k)(3) of

the Code provides that it may not be used or cited as precedent.

     In accordance with the power of attorney on file with this office, a copy of this

letter is being sent to your authorized representative.

                                    Sincerely,


                                    David R. Haglund
                                    David R. Haglund
                                    Branch Chief, Branch 1
                                    Office of the Associate Chief Counsel
                                    (Passthroughs & Special Industries)

Enclosures (2):
Copy of this letter
Copy for § 6110 purposes