IRS reclassifies an organization from section 509(a)(1) to section 509(a)(2)

Plain-English summary

The IRS modified an organization's foundation classification from a publicly supported organization described under IRC §§ 509(a)(1) and 170(b)(1)(A)(vi) to one described under IRC § 509(a)(2). The organization operated a summer food program and a daycare facility, and its primary support came from daycare fees rather than the sources required for section 509(a)(1) status. The IRS found that the organization failed the section 509(a)(1) public-support test but met the section 509(a)(2) test based on its support from exempt-function receipts and other permitted sources. The organization's section 501(c)(3) exemption was not affected.

Ruling snapshot

• Question: Should the organization's public-support classification be modified from IRC §§ 509(a)(1) and 170(b)(1)(A)(vi) to IRC § 509(a)(2)?
• Outcome: Foundation classification modified to section 509(a)(2); section 501(c)(3) exemption unchanged.
• Key authorities: IRC §§ 501, 170, 509, 7428, and 6110; Treas. Reg. §§ 1.170A-9, 1.509(a)-3, and 1.512(b)-1.

Full text (IRS public release)

TAX EXEMPT AND
GOVERNMENT ENTITIES 1100 COMMERCE ST. MAIL STOP 4920 DAL

DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY
INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE
WASHINGTON. D C. 20224

TE/GE EO EXAMINATIONS

DIVISION DALLAS, TEXAS 75242 309-02.00
April 26, 2013
Release Number: 201335018
Release Date: 8/30/2013
LEGEND Taxpayer Identification Number:
Org - Organization name Person to Contact:
XX - Date Address - address Employee Identification Number:
Contact Numbers:
ORG
ADDRESS

CERTIFIED MAIL
Dear

This is a final determination regarding your foundation classification. This letter modifies our
letter to you dated March 27, 20XX, in which we determined that you were an organization
described in section 509(a)(1) and 170(b)(1)(A)(vi) of the Internal Revenue Code (Code).

Based on your sources of support, we have determined that you are not a private foundation
within the meaning of section 509(a) of the Code because you are an organization of the type
described in section 509(a)(2) of the Code effective January 1, 20XX. Your tax exempt status
under section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code is not affected.

The modification of your foundation status was made for the following reasons:

The regulations under section 170 provide that an organization will be described in
section 170(b)(1)(A)(vi) if it normally receives at least 331/3 percent of its support from
governmental units or from the general public. See section 1.170A—9(f). Because your
primary source of support is from day care fees, your organization is not considered a
publicly supported organization under Code sections 509(a)(1) and 170(b)(1)(A)(vi).
However, effective for all tax years beginning with the tax year ending December 31,
20XX, you are considered a publicly supported organization under Code section
509(a)(2) which includes organizations that normally receive more than one-third of their
support from a combination of gifts, grants, contributions, membership fees, and gross
receipts from performing exempt function activities and not more than one-third of their
support from investment income and unrelated business taxable income.

Grantors and contributors may rely on this determination, unless the Internal Revenue Service
publishes a notice to the contrary. Because this letter could help resolve any questions about
your private foundation status, please keep it with your permanent records.

Processing of tax returns and assessments of any taxes due will not be delayed should a
petition for declaratory judgment be filed under section 7428 of the Internal Revenue Code.

If you decide to contest this determination, you may file an action for declaratory judgment
under the provisions of section 7428 of the Code in one of the following three venues: United
States Tax Court, the United States Court of Federal Claims, or the United States District Court
for the District of Columbia. A petition or complaint in one of these three courts must be filed
before the 91st day after the date this determination was mailed to you if you wish to seek review
of our determination. Please contact the clerk of the respective court for rules and the
appropriate forms regarding filing petitions for declaratory judgment by referring to the enclosed
Publication 892. Please note that the United States Tax Court is the only one of these courts
where a declaratory judgment action can be pursued without the services of a lawyer. You may
write to the courts at the following addresses:

You also have the right to contact the Office of the Taxpayer Advocate. Taxpayer Advocate
assistance is not a substitute for established IRS procedures, such as the formal Appeals
process. The Taxpayer Advocate cannot reverse a legally correct tax determination, or extend
the time fixed by law that you have to file a petition in a United States court. The Taxpayer
Advocate can, however, see that a tax matter that may not have been resolved through normal
channels gets prompt and proper handling. You may call toll-free, 1-877-777-4778, and ask for
Taxpayer Advocate Assistance. If you prefer, you may contact your local Taxpayer Advocate
at:

If you have any questions, please contact the person whose name and telephone number are
shown in the heading of this letter.
Sincerely yours,

Nanette M. Downing
Director, EO Examinations

Enclosure:
Signed Form 6018
Publication 892, Exempt Organization Appeal Procedures for Unagreed Issues

DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY
Internal Revenue Service
TEGE EO Examinations
1100 Commerce Street

TAX EXEMPT AND Dallas, TX 75242

GOVERNMENT ENTITIES
DIVISION

October 18, 2012

Taxpayer Identification Number:

ADDRESS Form:
Tax Year(s) Ended:
Person to Contact/ID Number:

Contact Numbers:
Telephone:
Fax:

Certified Mail - Return Receipt Requested

Dear

We have enclosed a copy of our report of examination explaining why we propose
modifying your private foundation status under section 509(a) of the Internal Revenue
Code (Code).

Your exempt status under section 501(c)(3) of the Code is still in effect.

If you accept our findings, take no further action. We will issue a final letter modifying
your private foundation status.

If you do not agree with our proposed modification of private foundation status, you may
provide additional information that you would like to have considered, or you may
submit a written appeal. The enclosed Publication 3498, The Examination Process, and
Publication 892, Exempt Organization Appeal Procedures for Unagreed Issues, explain
how to appeal an Internal Revenue Service (IRS) decision. Publication 3498 also
includes information on your rights as a taxpayer and the IRS collection process.

If you request a conference with Appeals, you must submit a written protest within 30
days from the date of this letter. An Appeals officer will review your case. The Appeals
Office is independent of the Director, EO Examinations. The Appeals Office resolves
most disputes informally and promptly.

Letter 3620 (04-2002)
Catalog Number 34811R

2

You may also request that we refer this matter for technical advice as explained in
Publication 892. If we issue a determination letter to you based on technical advice, no
further administrative appeal is available to you within the IRS regarding the issue that
was the subject of the technical advice.

If we do not hear from you within 30 days from the date of this letter, we will process
your case based on the recommendations shown in the report of examination. If you do
not protest this proposed determination within 30 days from the date of this letter, the
IRS will consider it to be a failure to exhaust your available administrative remedies.
Section 7428(b)(2) of the Code provides, in part: "A declaratory judgment or decree
under this section shall not be issued in any proceeding unless the Tax Court, the
Claims Court, or the District Court of the United States for the District of Columbia
determines that the organization involved has exhausted its administrative remedies
within the Internal Revenue Service." We will then issue a final letter.

You have the right to contact the office of the Taxpayer Advocate. Taxpayer Advocate
assistance is not a substitute for established IRS procedures, such as the formal
appeals process. The Taxpayer Advocate cannot reverse a legally correct tax
determination, or extend the time fixed by law that you have to file a petition in a United
States court. The Taxpayer Advocate can, however, see that a tax matter that may not
have been resolved through normal channels gets prompt and proper handling. You
may call toll-free 1-877-777-4778 and ask for Taxpayer Advocate Assistance. If you
prefer, you may contact your local Taxpayer Advocate at:

If you have any questions, please call the contact person at the telephone number
shown in the heading of this letter. If you write, please provide a telephone number and
the most convenient time to call if we need to contact you.

Thank you for your cooperation.

Sincerely,

Nanette M. Downing
Director, EO Examinations

Enclosures:
Publication 3498
Publication 892
Report of Examination

Letter 3620 (04-2002)
Catalog Number 34811R

, Schedule number or exhibit
Form 886-A EXPLANATION OF ITEMS
(Rev. January 1994) 1
Name of taxpayer Tax Identification number | Year/period ended
ORG EIN December 31, 20XX
LEGEND
ORG - Organization name EIN - ein XX - Date State - state Cco-1
ISSUE

Whether ORG’s (ORG) foundation status should be reclassified from an organization described
in Internal Revenue Code (IRC) sections 509(a)(1) and 170(b)(1)(A)(vi) to an organization
described in IRC section 509(a)(2).

FACTS

ORG was incorporated in the State of State on February 15, 20XX. In our letter dated March 27,
20XX, ORG began operating under an advance ruling as an organization exempt under section
501(c)(3) and was classified as not a private foundation within the meaning of section 509(a)(1)
and 170(b)(1)(A)(vi). The advance ruling period ended December 31, 20XX.

According to the original Form 1023, Application for Recognition of Exemption Under Section
501(c)(3) of the IRC, ORG is organized to run the summer food program in which they serve the
participating children breakfast and lunch. The CO-1 (CO-1) was created to serve nutritious
meals to children when National School Lunch and School Breakfast Program meals are not
available. To ensure all children receive proper nutrition throughout the year, CO-1 reimburses
organizations that prepare and serve meals to eligible children during the summer and school
vacation periods. On top of providing CO-1 during the summer time, organization also operates
a daycare facility for low-income family.

Revenue received for the three year period that ended December 31, 20XX was from the
following categories:

Revenue 20XX 20XX 20XX 20XX 20XX Total

Program
Service:
Daycare
Fees

Total
Revenue

IRC Sections 509(a)(1) and 170(b)(1)(A)(vi) Test:

Total exempt function income: $

Percent of Public Support for § 509(a)(1) %

Form 886-A (1-1994) Catalog Number 20810W Page | publish.no.irs.gov Department of the Treasury-Internal Revenue Service

: Schedule number or exhibit
Form 886-A EXPLANATION OF ITEMS
(Rev. January 1994) 1
Name of taxpayer Tax Identification number | Year/period ended
ORG EIN December 31, 20XX

Based on a computation of your support for a three year period, it was determined that your
public support percentage for IRC sections 509(a)(1) and 170(b)(1)(A)(vi) status is 0.00 percent.
This percentage is below the required 33 1/3 percent necessary to maintain public support
status.

IRC Section 509(a)(2) Support Test:

Total Sources of Support $

Public Support Test:

Public support $

Divided by Total Support

Public Support Percentage for § 509(a)(2) %

When we computed the public support test for IRC section 509(a)(2) using these same figures,
your public support was determined to be 100.00 percent. This met the required percentage
necessary in order to maintain public support status for section 509(a)(2). Section 509(a)(2) of
the Internal Revenue Code describes organizations that receive no more than one-third of their
support from gross investment income and more than one-third of their support from a
combination of gifts, grants, contributions, or membership fees from other than a disqualified
person, and gross receipts from an activity that is not an unrelated trade or business.

LAW

IRC section 501(c)(3) Corporation, and any community chest, fund or foundation, organized and
operated exclusively for religious, charitable, scientific, testing for public safety, literary, or
educational purposes, or to foster national or international amateur sports competition (but only
if no part of its activities involve the provision of athletic facilities or equipment), or for the
prevention of cruelty to children or animals, no part of the net earnings of which inures to the
benefit of any private shareholder or individual, no substantial part of the activities of which is
carrying on propaganda, or otherwise provided in subsection (h), and which does not participate
in, or intervene in (including the publishing or distribution of statements), any political campaign
on behalf of (or in opposition to) any candidate for public office.

IRC section 509(a). For the purposes of this title, the term “private foundation” means a
domestic or foreign organization described in section 501(c)(3) other than—

1) an organization described in section 170(b)(1)(A) (Other than clauses (vii) and (viii);

2) an organization that normally receives more than one third of its support from
contributions membership fees and gross receipts from activities related to charitable, etc
functions — subject to certain exceptions, and no more than one third of its support from
gross investment income and unrelated business taxable income (less section 511 tax)
from businesses acquired by the organization after June 30, 1975;

Form 886-A (1-1994) Catalog Number 20810W Page 2 _ publish.no.irs.gov Department of the Treasury-Internal Revenue Service

‘ Schedule number or exhibit
Form 886-A EXPLANATION OF ITEMS
(Rev. January 1994) 1
Name of taxpayer Tax Identification number | Year/period ended
ORG EIN December 31, 20XX

3) an organization that is not controlled by any disqualified persons (other than foundation
managers) and supports organizations described in section 509(a)(1) or (2) or section
501(c)(4), (5), (6), if they meet the test of section 509(a)2); and

4) an organization organized and operated for public safety.

Section 170(b)(1)(A)(vi) of the Code describes an organization “which normally receives a
substantial part of its support from a governmental unit...or from direct or indirect contributions
from the general public.”

Income Tax Regulations section 1.170A-9(e)(2) states that an organization is publicly supported
if at least 33 1/3 percent of its support is received from grants from governmental units, and
direct or indirect support from the general public.

Income Tax Regulations section 1.170A-9(e) states that an organization dependent primarily on
gross receipts from related activities will not be considered as satisfying the public support test
for purposes of section 509(a)(1) of the Internal Revenue Code.

Section 509(a)(2) of the Internal Revenue Code describes organizations that receive no more
than one-third of their support from gross investment income and more than one-third of their
support from a combination of gifts, grants, contributions, or membership fees from other than a
disqualified person, and gross receipts from an activity that is not an unrelated trade or
business.

Income Tax Regulations section 1.170A-9(e)(6)(i) states in part, that in order to meet the 33 1/3
support test, contributions from individuals, corporations or trust are includible in public support
only to the extent they do not exceed 2 percent of the organization’s total support.

Income Tax Regulations section 1.512(b)-1(g)(1) states that in computing the unrelated
business taxable income of an organization described in section 511(a)(2) the deduction from
gross income allowed by section 170 (related to charitable contributions and gifts) shall be
allowed.

Income Tax Regulations section 1.512(b)-1(g)(3) states that the contribution, whether made by
a trust or other exempt organization, must be paid to another organization to be allowed.

Income Tax Regulations section 1.509(a)-3, Broadly, publicly supported organizations, --

(c) “Normally” —(1) In general —-(i) Definition. The support test set forth in section 509(a)(2) are to
be computed on the basis of the nature of the organization is “normal” sources of support. An
organization will be considered as “Normally” receiving one-third of its support from any
combination of gifts, grants, contributions, membership fees, and gross receipts from permitted
sources and not more than one-third of its support from gross investment and unrelated
business income for its current taxable year and the taxable immediately succeeding its current

Form 886-A (1-1994) Catalog Number 20810W Page 3 publish.no.irs.gov Department of the Treasury-Internal Revenue Service

. Schedule number or exhibit
Form 886-A EXPLANATION OF ITEMS
(Rev. January 1994) 1
Name of taxpayer Tax Identification number | Year/period ended
ORG EIN December 31, 20XX

year, if, for the five taxable years immediately preceding the current taxable year, if it meets
those tests for such five year period.

GOVERNMENT’S POSITION

As set forth above, it is the government’s position that the public charity status of ORG should
be modified from an organization described in sections 509(a)(1) and 170(b)(1)(A)(vi) of the IRC
to an organization described in section 509(a)(2). When we computed the public support test the
percentage for IRC sections 509(a)(1) and 170(b)(1)(A)(vi) status was percent. This percentage
is below the required percent necessary in order to maintain public support status. However,
when we computed the public support percentage for IRC section 509(a)(2) status it was
percent.

TAXPAYER’S POSITION
Organization with the modification and signed Form 6018.

CONCLUSION

Accordingly, based on the facts of this case ORG’s foundation status should be modified from
an organization described in sections 509(a)(1) and 170(b)(1)(A)(vi) of the IRC to an
organization described in section 509(a)(2). Whereas the effective date is the beginning of the
fiscal year that ended December 31, 20XX, which was the time we became aware of all relevant
facts.

Form 886-A (1-1994) Catalog Number 20810W Page 4 publish.no.irs.gov Department of the Treasury-Internal Revenue Service