PLR 1321017: IRS rules that three officers are not covered employees under section 162(m)

Plain-English summary

The IRS ruled that three officers of a publicly held corporation were not covered employees for the corporation's taxable year. Two officers served as the corporation's principal financial officer during different portions of the year, and the third was among the three highest compensated officers but left before year-end. The ruling applies the IRS interpretation of the executive compensation disclosure rules and section 162(m). The corporation therefore was not subject to the section 162(m) covered-employee limitation for remuneration paid to those individuals for that year, based on the facts presented.

Ruling snapshot

• Question: Were the three identified officers covered employees under IRC § 162(m) for the taxable year?
• Outcome: Approved
• Key authorities: IRC §§ 162(a)(1) and 162(m); Treas. Reg. § 1.162-27(c)(2); Notice 2007-49; 17 CFR 229.402

Full text (IRS public release)

Internal Revenue Service Department of the Treasury
Washington, DC 20224

Number: 201321017 Third Party Communication: None
Release Date: 5/24/2013 Date of Communication: Not Applicable
Index Number: 162.36-02
Person To Contact:
------------------ ---------------------
------------------------- Telephone Number:
---------------------------------------- -------------------
------------------------------- Refer Reply To:
------------------------------------ CC:TEGE:EB:EC
PLR-154219-12
Date:
February 20, 2013

LEGEND:

Taxpayer = ----------------------------------------
Employee A = -----------------------
Employee B = ---------------------
Employee C = --------------------
Year 1 = --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Date 1 = ---------------------
Date 2 = -------------------------
Date 3 = --------------------------

Dear ------------------:

This letter is in response to a letter dated December 11, 2012, submitted by your
authorized representative, requesting a ruling under section 162(m) of the Internal
Revenue Code (Code). Specifically, Taxpayer requested a ruling that Employee A,
Employee B, and Employee C are not “covered employees” under section 162(m) for
Taxpayer’s taxable year ending on Date 3 (Year 1). The facts, as represented, are as
follows.

Taxpayer is a publicly held corporation. Employee A and Employee B each served as
the principal financial officer of Taxpayer during a portion of Year 1. During Year 1,
Employee A served as the principal financial officer beginning on Date 1 and ending on
Date 2, and Employee B served as the principal financial officer beginning on Date 2
and for the remainder of Year 1. Pursuant to the executive compensation disclosure
rules under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (Exchange Act), Taxpayer is required
to disclose the compensation of Employee A and Employee B because each served as
the Taxpayer’s principal financial officer during Year 1. During Year 1, Employee C was
one of the Taxpayer’s three highest compensated officers. Employee C’s employment
with Taxpayer terminated before Date 3. Even though Employee C was not serving as
an executive officer of the Taxpayer at the end of Year 1, under the Exchange Act
PLR-154219-12 2

executive compensation disclosure rules Taxpayer is required to disclose the
compensation of Employee C for Year 1 because Employee C would have been
disclosed as one of the Taxpayer’s three highest compensated executive officers (other
than the PEO or the PFO) if he was serving as an executive officer at the end of Year 1.

Section 162(a)(1) of the Code allows a deduction for all ordinary and necessary
expenses paid or incurred during the taxable year in carrying on any trade or business,
including a reasonable allowance for salaries or other compensation for personal
services actually rendered.

Section 162(m)(1) of the Code provides that for any publicly held corporation no
deduction shall be allowed for applicable employee remuneration with respect to any
covered employee to the extent that the amount of such remuneration for the taxable
year exceeds $1 million.

Section 162(m)(2) of the Code defines publicly held corporation to mean any
corporation issuing any class of common equity securities required to be registered
under section 12 of the Exchange Act.

Section 162(m)(3) of the Code defines covered employee as any employee of the
taxpayer if (A) as of the close of the taxable year, such employee is the chief executive
officer of the taxpayer or is an individual acting in such capacity, or (B) the total
compensation of such employee for the taxable year is required to be reported to
shareholders under the Exchange Act by reason of such employee being among the
four highest compensated officers for the taxable year (other than the chief executive
officer).

Section 1.162-27(c)(2) of the Income Tax Regulations provides that a covered
employee is any individual who, on the last day of the taxable year, is (A) the chief
executive officer of the corporation or is acting in such capacity; or (B) among the four
highest compensated officers (other than the chief executive officer). Whether an
individual is the chief executive officer or one of the four highest compensated officers is
determined pursuant to the executive compensation disclosure rules under the
Exchange Act. The executive compensation disclosure rules are contained in Item 402
of Regulation S-K, 17 CFR 229.402. These rules require disclosure of compensation
awarded to, earned by, or paid to certain executive officers.

On September 8, 2006, a final rule amending the Securities and Exchange
Commission’s executive compensation disclosure rules was published in the Federal
Register (71 FR 53158). Among other things, the amended disclosure rules altered the
composition of the group of executives who are covered by the disclosure rules. Like
the pre-amendment disclosure rules, the amended disclosure rules refer to these
executives as “named executive officers.” Under the amended disclosure rules, named
executive officers consist of, in relevant part, (i) all individuals serving as the registrant's
PLR-154219-12 3

principal executive officer or acting in a similar capacity during the last completed fiscal
year, regardless of compensation level; (ii) all individuals serving as the registrant's
principal financial officer or acting in a similar capacity during the last completed fiscal
year, regardless of compensation level; (iii) the registrant's three most highly
compensated executive officers other than the principal executive officer and the
principal financial officer who were serving as executive officers at the end of the last
completed fiscal year; and (iv) up to two additional individuals for whom disclosure
would have been provided but for the fact that the individual was not serving as an
executive officer of the registrant at the end of the last completed fiscal year. Prior to
amendment, the disclosure rules provided that named executive officers consisted of, in
relevant part, (i) all individuals serving as the registrant's chief executive officer or acting
in a similar capacity during the last completed fiscal year, regardless of compensation
level; and (ii) the registrant's four most highly compensated executive officers other than
the chief executive officer who were serving as executive officers at the end of the last
completed fiscal year. Companies were required to comply with the amended
disclosure rules for fiscal years ending on or after December 15, 2006.

Notice 2007-49, 2007-1 C.B. 1429, provides that the IRS will interpret the term "covered
employee" for purposes of section 162(m) to mean any employee of the taxpayer if, as
of the close of the taxable year, such employee is the principal executive officer (within
the meaning of the amended disclosure rules) of the taxpayer or an individual acting in
such a capacity, or if the total compensation of such employee for that taxable year is
required to be reported to shareholders under the Exchange Act by reason of such
employee being among the three highest compensated officers for the taxable year
(other than the principal executive officer or the principal financial officer). The Notice
also provides that the term covered employee for purposes of section 162(m) does not
include those individuals for whom disclosure is required under the Exchange Act on
account of the individual being the taxpayer's principal financial officer (within the
meaning of the amended disclosure rules) or an individual acting in such a capacity.

Therefore, based solely on the facts presented, we rule as follows:

For purposes of section 162(m) of the Code, Employee A, Employee B, and Employee
C will not be considered “covered employees” with respect to Year 1.

Except as expressly provided herein, no opinion is expressed or implied as to the
federal tax consequences of the facts described above under any other provision of the
Code.

This ruling is directed only to the taxpayer requesting it. Section 6110(k)(3) of the Code
provides that it may not be used or cited as precedent.

A copy of this letter must be attached to any income tax return to which it is relevant.
PLR-154219-12 4

The ruling contained in this letter is based upon information and representations
submitted by the taxpayer and accompanied by a penalty of perjury statement executed
by an appropriate party. While this office has not verified any of the material submitted
in support of the request for rulings, it is subject to verification on examination.

In accordance with the Power of Attorney on file with this office, a copy of this letter is
being sent to your authorized representative.

                                   Sincerely,




                                   John B. Richards
                                   Senior Technical Reviewer
                                   Executive Compensation Branch
                                   Office of Division Counsel /
                                   Associate Chief Counsel /
                                   Tax Exempt & Government Entities