PLR 1248010: IRS permits a retroactive QEF election for a PFIC investment

Plain-English summary

The IRS consented to a U.S. limited partnership making a retroactive qualified electing fund election for its investment in a foreign corporation that may have been a passive foreign investment company. The partnership said that its tax professionals did not identify the foreign corporation as a PFIC or advise it about the QEF election. The IRS found that the partnership satisfied the regulatory conditions, including reasonable reliance on a qualified tax professional and protection against prejudice to the government. The consent was conditioned on following the required procedures and the terms of a closing agreement.

Ruling snapshot

• Question: Could the U.S. partnership make a retroactive QEF election for its investment in a foreign corporation?
• Outcome: Approved
• Key authorities: IRC §§ 1293, 1295, and 1297; Treas. Reg. §§ 1.1295-3 and 1.1293-1

Full text (IRS public release)

Internal Revenue Service Department of the Treasury
Washington, DC 20224

Number: 201248010 Third Party Communication: None
Release Date: 11/30/2012 Date of Communication: Not Applicable
Person To Contact:
Index Number: 1295.02-02 --------------------, ID No. -------------
Telephone Number:
--------------------
---------------------------- Refer Reply To:
--------------------------------------------------------------- CC:INTL:B02
--------------------------------------------------------------- PLR-119706-11
----- Date:
---------------------------- August 16, 2012

              TY: -------

Legend

Applicant = ----------------------------
----------------------

FC = ----------------------------------

Date 1 = ----------------

Date 2 = --------------------------

Date 3 = --------------------

Year 1 = -------

Year 2 = -------

Year 3 = -------

Year 4 = -------

Year 5 = -------

Year 6 = -------

Year 7 = -------

Year 8 = -------
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x% = --------------

y% = ------------

z% = ---------------

M = -----

Firm P = --------------------

Firm Q = --------------

Firm R = ----------------------------------

Firm S = ----------------------------------------

Dear ----------------:

This is in response to a letter dated April 29, 2011, submitted by Applicant’s authorized
representative, that requested the consent of the Commissioner of the Internal Revenue
Service (“Commissioner”) for Applicant to make a retroactive qualified electing fund
("QEF") election under section 1295(b) of the Internal Revenue Code ("Code") and
Treas. Reg. §1.1295-3(f) with respect to Applicant’s investment in FC.

The ruling contained in this letter is based upon information and representations
submitted on behalf of Applicant by its authorized representatives, and accompanied by
a penalties of perjury statement executed by an appropriate party. While this office has
not verified any of the material submitted in support of this request for ruling, such
material is subject to verification on examination. The information submitted in the
request is substantially as set forth below.

FACTS

Applicant is a U.S. limited partnership. On Date 1 of Year 1 and Date 2 of Year 2,
Applicant invested in FC via an offering of private placement shares. Applicant initially
obtained approximately x% of FC in the Date 1 offering. After the Date 2 offering,
Applicant’s ownership percentage in FC was substantially reduced to about y%.

The investments in FC were made in part through wholly owned U.S. LLCs held by
Applicant, which are treated as disregarded entities for U.S. federal income tax
purposes. In addition, there have been subsequent offerings by FC in which Applicant
has not participated and, as a result of the dilution of its initial investment, Applicant’s
collective ownership interest in FC was further reduced to approximately z% as of year-
PLR-119706-11 3

end Year 6, which was the last year during which FC satisfied the asset or income test
for PFIC status under section 1297 of the Code.

Since Date 3 of Year 3, Applicant has held FC as a “side pocket” investment. Side
pocket investments are investments that Applicant intends to acquire and hold for an
extended period of time. Applicant tracks the partners’ share of gains and losses on
these investments separately from other investments in their portfolios that may be
more liquid. The partners in Applicant are deemed to own a fixed percentage of each
side pocket investment based on such partner’s ownership interest in Applicant at the
time that the side pocket is created. The partners’ interests remain unchanged until the
side pocket is closed, regardless of the partner’s ownership interest in the partnership.
A new and distinct side pocket is created if there are subsequent investments in a
security that is already subject to an existing side pocket arrangement. Partners
investing in a partnership subsequent to the establishment of the side pocket
arrangement are not invited to participate in the existing side pocket arrangement. The
side pocket is closed when the securities in it are sold. The gain or loss on the
investments is allocated to the side pocket partners based on the underlying ownership
percentages.

Pursuant to Applicant’s partnership agreement, items of income, deduction, gain, and
loss are allocated to each partner participating in the side pocket arrangement based on
such partner’s respective interest in the side pocket investment for section 704(b),
GAAP, and tax purposes. Such items are not allocated to any partner of Applicant that
does not participate in the side pocket arrangement (e.g., partners that invested in
Applicant after Date 3 of Year 3). Applicant’s financial statements include a definition of
side pocket investments. FC has not made distributions to its shareholders since
Applicant acquired FC in Year 1.

FC is a foreign corporation that actively develops and uses specialized technology to
recover drillable oil from oil sands. FC employs approximately M people who are
engaged in this activity or perform management and administrative functions associated
with it. According to publicly available information, including FC’s securities filings, FC
generally does not engage in investment activities, with the exception of short-term
investment of working capital pending its deployment. However, substantial amounts of
working capital are required in the early years of the type of business engaged in by FC.
FC apparently met the asset test for PFIC classification under section 1297(a)(2) in its
Year 1 tax year, and thus qualified as a PFIC. FC continued to qualify as a PFIC through
its Year 6 tax year.

For Year 1 through Year 6 tax years, Applicant’s management company engaged four
advisors for tax return preparation services for Applicant: Firm P for Year 1, Firm Q for
Years 2 and 3, Firm R for Year 4, and Firm S for Years 5 through 8. These firms
employ experienced tax professionals and were engaged to prepare Applicant’s
partnership income tax returns. The firms advised Applicant with regard to U.S. federal
income tax matters regarding Applicant’s operations and investments, including
Applicant’s ownership of FC. Applicant relied on the firms to provide advice with
PLR-119706-11 4

respect to filing and reporting requirements in general, as well as any elections or
statements that would be necessary to elect specific tax treatment.

The offering materials received by Applicant’s management company with respect to
the initial investment in FC did not indicate that FC was a PFIC. Applicant and its
management company considered FC to be engaged in an active business and had no
reason to believe that FC qualified as a PFIC.

In June of Year 8, Applicant learned that there would be an Initial Public Offering of FC’s
stock and Applicant analyzed FC for tax purposes as part of the tax due diligence for
the sale of a foreign security. At that time, Applicant’s management company tested the
PFIC status of FC as part of the tax review of the investment pending its ultimate
disposition and concluded that FC may have been a PFIC beginning in Year 1, due to
the fact that greater than 50 percent of FC’s assets in Year 1 consisted of cash, a passive
asset. Based on the initial analysis, Applicant’s management company engaged Firm S
on Applicant’s behalf to evaluate FC’s PFIC status and to advise on the U.S. federal
income tax consequences of FC’s potential PFIC status. Upon reviewing the financial
statements of FC, Firm S determined that FC might qualify as a PFIC under section
1297 for Year 1 through Year 6. Based on Firm S’s determination regarding the potential
PFIC status of FC, Applicant requested Firm S to begin the process of preparing a private
letter ruling request.

Applicant has submitted an affidavit, under penalties of perjury, describing the events
that led to the failure to make the QEF elections by the election due dates, including the
roles of its management company and Firms P, Q, R, and S. Applicant represents that it
provided information regarding the ownership and financial data of FC to the firms and
to its management company. Applicant represents that, in the relevant years: (1) FC
was not identified as a PFIC; and (2) Applicant did not receive any advice regarding the
availability of a QEF election with respect to FC.

Applicant has entered into a closing agreement with the Commissioner that requires
Applicant to pay an amount sufficient to eliminate any prejudice to the United States
government as a consequence of the inability to file an amended return. Further,
Applicant has agreed to file an amended return for each of its subsequent taxable years
affected by the retroactive election, if any.

Applicant represents that, as of the date of this request for ruling, the PFIC status of FC
has not been raised by the IRS on audit for any of the taxable years at issue.

RULING REQUESTED

Applicant requests the consent of the Commissioner to make a retroactive QEF election
with respect to FC under Treas. Reg. §1.1295-3(f), retroactive to Year 1, and effective
for all subsequent years.

LAW
PLR-119706-11 5

Section 1295(a) of the Code provides that a PFIC will be treated as a QEF with respect
to a taxpayer if (1) an election by the taxpayer under section 1295(b) applies to such
PFIC for the taxable year and (2) the PFIC complies with such requirements as the
Secretary may prescribe for purposes of determining the ordinary earnings and net
capital gains of such company.

Under section 1295(b)(2), a QEF election may be made for any taxable year at any time
on or before the due date (determined with regard to extensions) for filing the return for
such taxable year. To the extent provided in regulations, such an election may be made
after such due date if the taxpayer failed to make an election by the due date because
the taxpayer reasonably believed the company was not a PFIC.

Under Treas. Reg. §1.1295-3(f), a shareholder may request the consent of the
Commissioner to make a retroactive QEF election for a taxable year if:

   1. the shareholder reasonably relied on a qualified tax professional, within the
      meaning of Treas. Reg. §1.1295-3(f)(2);
   2. granting consent will not prejudice the interests of the United States
      government, as provided in Treas. Reg. §1.1295-3(f)(3);
   3. the request is made before a representative of the Internal Revenue Service
      raises upon audit the PFIC status of the corporation for any taxable year of
      the shareholder; and
   4. the shareholder satisfies the procedural requirements of Treas. Reg. §1.1295-
      3(f)(4).

The procedural requirements include filing a request for consent to make a retroactive
election with, and submitting a user fee to, the Office of the Associate Chief Counsel
(International). Treas. Reg. §1.1295-3(f)(4)(i). Additionally, affidavits signed under
penalties of perjury must be submitted that describe:

   1. the events that led to the failure to make a QEF election by the election due
      date;
   2. the discovery of such failure;
   3. the engagement and responsibilities of the qualified tax professional; and
   4. the extent to which the shareholder relied on such professional.

Treas. Reg. §§1.1295-3(f)(4)(ii) and (iii).

Under Treas. Reg. §1.1293-1(c)(1), shareholders owning stock of a QEF by reason of
an interest in a partnership take into account the section 1293 inclusions with respect to
the QEF shares owned by the partnership under the rules applicable to inclusions of
income from the partnership.

CONCLUSION
PLR-119706-11 6

Based on the information submitted and representations made with Applicant’s ruling
request, we conclude that Applicant has satisfied Treas. Reg. §1.1295-3(f).
Accordingly, consent is granted to Applicant to make a retroactive QEF election with
respect to FC for Year 1, provided that Applicant complies with the rules under Treas.
Reg. §1.1295-3(g) regarding the time and manner for making the retroactive QEF
election.

We will, accordingly, approve a closing agreement with the Applicant with respect to
those issues affecting its tax liability on the basis set forth above. The necessary closing
agreement for Taxpayer has been prepared in triplicate and is enclosed. In pursuance
of our practice with respect to such agreements, the agreement contains a stipulation to
the effect that any change or modification of applicable statutes enacted subsequent to
the date of this agreement and made applicable to the taxable period involved will
render the agreement ineffective to the extent that it is dependent upon such statutes.

Except as specifically set forth above, no opinion is expressed or implied concerning the
U.S. federal tax consequences of the facts described above under any other provision
of the Code.

This private letter ruling is directed only to the taxpayer who requested it. Section
6110(k)(3) provides that it may not be used or cited as precedent.

A copy of this letter ruling must be attached to any federal income tax return to which it
is relevant. Alternatively, taxpayers filing their returns electronically may satisfy this
requirement by attaching a statement to their return that provides the date and control
number of the letter ruling.

In accordance with the Power of Attorney on file with this office, a copy of this letter is
being sent to your authorized representative.

                                   Sincerely,




                                   Jeffery G. Mitchell
                                   Branch Chief
                                   (International)

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