PLR 1247023: IRS confirms church plan status and no irrevocable ERISA election

Plain-English summary

The IRS ruled that a defined benefit plan sponsored by a tax-exempt religious organization was a church plan under IRC § 414(e), retroactive to January 1, 1974. The plan covered employees of related parishes, schools, agencies, and institutions associated with the same church. The IRS also ruled that the organization's past administration of the plan under ERISA standards did not constitute an irrevocable election under IRC § 410(d). The ruling was based on the organization's control and association with the church and the plan committee's role in administering the plan.

Ruling snapshot

• Question: Was the plan a church plan, and did its past ERISA-style operation constitute an irrevocable election?
• Outcome: Approved
• Key authorities: IRC §§ 414(e), 410(d), 401(a), 501, and 513; Treas. Reg. § 1.410(d)-1

Full text (IRS public release)

201247023
DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY
INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20224

TAX EXEMPT AND

AUG 31 2012

GOVERNMENT ENTITIES
DIVISION

U.I.L.: 414.08-00

[illegible handwritten notation]

Attn:

Legend:

Taxpayer A =
Church A =
Individual I =
State B =
Plan X =
Committee H -

Directory S =

Dear

This letter is in response to your request dated December 21, 2005, as
supplemented by correspondence dated January 27, 2012, and February 7,
2012, and February 27, 2012, submitted on your behalf by your authorized
representative regarding the church plan status of Plan X within the meaning of
section 414(e) of the Internal Revenue Code (Code).

The following facts and representations have been submitted under penalties of
perjury on your behalf:

201247023

Taxpayer A is an unincorporated religious organization exempt from taxation
under section 501(c)(3) of the Code. Taxpayer A is listed in Directory S, which is
the official listing of entities of related organizations whose mission is to further
the objectives of Church A.

Parties interested in this request include 48 parishes, 24 elementary, middle and
high schools, and 26 agencies and institutions. All of these interested parties
(Participating Entities) are deemed to be exempt from taxation under section
501(c)(3) of the Code. Taxpayer A sponsors Plan X for the benefit of the
employees of all the interested parties. Plan X is a defined benefit plan that was
originally established on January 1, 1974. Plan X is a new plan, not a successor
plan, and meets the requirements of section 401(a) of the Code.

All of the Participating Entities of Plan X are also listed in Directory S. No other
entities are eligible to participate in Plan X. None of eligible participants are or
can be considered employed in connection with one or more unrelated trades or
businesses of Taxpayer A within the meaning of section 513 of the Code. All
eligible participants are employed by Taxpayer A or the Participating Entities, and
do not include employees of for-profit entities.

Section 5.1 of Plan X establishes Committee H for the purpose of administering
Plan X. Committee H members consists of five members appointed by Individual
I. Any member of Committee H may, at any time, be removed from office by
Individual I. Individual I is defined in Plan X as the highest officer of Taxpayer A
as duly appointed, from time to time, by the proper officials of Church A.

Taxpayer A has never made an irrevocable election under section 410(d) of the
Code subjecting Plan X to ERISA. However, it has in the past voluntarily
operated Plan X in compliance with the standards of ERISA, to include filing
Form 5500 for Plan X, paying premiums to the Pension Benefit Guaranty
Corporation, and updating and amending Plan X on a continuous basis.

In accordance with Revenue Procedure 2011-44, Notice to Employees with
reference to Plan X was provided on February 22, 2012. This notice explained to
participants of Plan X the consequences of church plan status.

Based on the foregoing, you request rulings that:

(1) Plan X is a church plan under the provisions of section 414(e) of the
Code; and

(2) Taxpayer A’s administration and operation of Plan X as subject to Title I of
ERISA did not constitute such an election under section 410(d) of the
Code.

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Section 414(e)(1) of the Code generally defines a church plan as a plan
established and maintained for its employees (or their beneficiaries) by a church
or a convention or association of churches which is exempt from taxation under
section 501 of the Code.

Section 414(e) was added to the Code by section 1015 of ERISA. Section
1017(e) of ERISA provided that section 414(e) applied as of the date of ERISA’s
enactment. However, section 414(e) was subsequently amended by section
407(b) of the Multiemployer Pension Plan Amendments Act of 1980, Pub. Law
96-364, to provide that section 414(e) was effective as of January 1, 1974.

Section 414(e)(2) of the Code provides, in part, that the term “church plan” does
not include a plan that is established and maintained primarily for the benefit of
employees (or their beneficiaries) of such church or convention or association of
churches who are employed in connection with one or more unrelated trades or
businesses (within the meaning of section 513 of the Code); or if less than
substantially all of the individuals included in the plan are individuals described in
section 414(e)(1) of the Code or section 414(e)(3)(B) of the Code (or their
beneficiaries).

Section 414(e)(3)(A) of the Code provides that a plan established and maintained
for its employees (or their beneficiaries) by a church or by a convention or
association of churches includes a plan maintained by an organization, whether a
civil law corporation or otherwise, the principal purpose or function of which is the
administration or funding of a plan or program for the provision of retirement
benefits or welfare benefits, or both, for the employees of a church or a
convention or association of churches, if such organization is controlled by or
associated with a church or a convention or association of churches.

Section 414(e)(3)(B) of the Code defines “employee” of a church or a convention
or association of churches to include a duly ordained, commissioned, or licensed
minister of a church in the exercise of his or her ministry, regardless of the
source of his or her compensation, and an employee of an organization, whether
a civil law corporation or otherwise, which is exempt from tax under section 501
of the Code, and which is controlled by or associated with a church or a
convention or association of churches.

Section 414(e)(3)(C) of the Code provides that a church or a convention or
association of churches which is exempt from tax under section 501 of the Code
shall be deemed the employer of any individual included as an employee under
subparagraph (B).

Section 414(e)(3)(D) of the Code provides that an organization, whether a civil
law corporation or otherwise, is associated with a church or a convention or
association of churches if the organization shares common religious bonds and
convictions with that church or convention or association of churches.

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Section 4(a) of Title I of ERISA provides that Title I generally applies to any
employee benefit plan. However, section 4(b)(2) of ERISA states that Title I shall
not apply to a “church plan’ as defined in section 3(33) of ERISA, “with respect to
which no election has been made under section 410(d) of the Internal Revenue
Code of 1986.”

Section 410(d) of the Code allows a church or convention or association of
churches which maintains any church plan to make an irrevocable election to
become subject to the provisions of Title I of ERISA and other provisions of the
Code. Treasury Regulation section 1.410(d)-1 prescribes a procedure for
making this election, namely, that a affirmative statement containing an
irrevocable election to become subject to the provisions of ERISA must be
attached to Form 5500, Annual Report/Return of Employee Benefit Plan, or
attached to Form 5300, Application for Determination for Employee Benefit Plan.

Revenue Procedure 2011-44, 2011-39 I.R.B. 446 supplements the procedures
for requesting a letter ruling under section 414(e) of the Code relating to church
plans. The revenue procedure: (1) requires that plan participants and other
interested persons receive a notice in connection with a letter ruling request
under section 414(e) of the Code for a qualified plan; (2) requires that a copy of
the notice be submitted to the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) as part of the
ruling request, and (3) provides procedures for the IRS to receive and consider
comments relating to the ruling request from interested persons.

In order for an organization that is not itself a church or convention or association
of churches to have a qualified church plan, it must establish that its employees
are employees or deemed employees of a church or convention or association of
churches under section 414(e)(3)(B) of the Code by virtue of the organization's
control by or affiliation with a church or convention or association of churches.
Employees of any organization maintaining a plan are considered to be church
employees if the organization: 1) is exempt from tax under section 501 of the
Code; and, 2) is controlled by or associated with a church or convention or
association of churches. In addition, in order to be a church plan, the plan must
be administered or funded (or both) by an organization described in section
414(e)(3)(A) of the Code. To be described in section 414(e)(3)(A) of the Code, an
organization must have as its principal purpose the administration or funding of
the plan and must also be controlled by or associated with a church or
convention or association of churches.

In this case, Taxpayer A qualifies as a church or association of churches for
purposes of the church plan rules. Additionally, all the entities whose employees
participate in Plan X share the same common bonds and convictions of Church
A, and Taxpayer A is a nonprofit organization described under section 501(c)(3)
of the Code and exempt from tax under section 501(a) of the Code. Taxpayer A
was organized exclusively for charitable and religious purposes and is included in
Directory S.

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In view of the common religious bonds between Church A and Taxpayer A, the
inclusion of Taxpayer A and its participating entities in Directory S, we conclude
that Taxpayer A is associated with a church or a convention or association of
churches within the meaning of section 414(e)(3)(D) of the Code, that the
employees of Church A and its Participating Entities meet the definition of
employee under section 414(e)(3)(B) of the Code and that they are deemed to be
employees of a church or a convention or association of churches by virtue of
being employees of an organization which is exempt from tax under section 501
of the Code and which is controlled by or associated with a church or a
convention or association of churches.

Effective January 1, 1974, Plan X has been administered by Committee H which
is controlled by Taxpayer A and has the power to appoint and remove members
of Committee H through Individual I. Because Individual I is associated with
Church A within the meaning of section 414(e)(3)(D) of the Code, Committee H is
therefore considered to be associated with a church or convention or association
of churches within the meaning of section 414(e)(3)(A) of the Code.

Although Plan X has been maintained and operated in the past as if it had made
an election under section 410(d) of the Code, such actions are insufficient to
constitute an affirmative election as required under Treasury Regulation section
1.410(d)-1.

Based on the foregoing facts and representations, we conclude that Plan X is a
church plan within the meaning of Code section 414(e), and has been a church
plan within the meaning of section 414(e) of the Code retroactive to January 1,
1974.

Regarding the second ruling request, we conclude that Taxpayer A's
administration and operation of Plan X as subject to Title I of ERISA did not
constitute an irrevocable election under section 410(d) of the Code.

This letter expresses no opinion as to whether Plan X satisfies the requirements
for qualification under Code section 401(a). The determination as to whether a
plan is qualified under section 401(a) is within the jurisdiction of the Manager,
Employee Plans Determinations Program, Cincinnati, Ohio.

This ruling is directed only to the taxpayer who requested it. Code section
6110(k)(3) provides that it may not be used or cited by others as precedent.

A copy of this letter is being sent to your authorized representative pursuant to a
Power of Attorney on file in this office.

201247023

If you have any questions regarding this letter, please contact
SE:T:EP:RA:T3, at
Sincerely yours,

[illegible signature]

Laura B. Warshawsky, Manager
Employee Plans Technical Group 3

Enclosures:
Deleted copy of letter ruling
Notice 437

cc: