Determination 1021033: IRS revoked an organization’s tax exemption for private-benefit transactions

View official IRS release (PDF)

Plain-English summary

The IRS revoked an organization’s exemption under IRC § 501(c)(3), effective May 21, 20XX. The organization was not operated primarily for religious, charitable, educational, or other exempt purposes. The examination found that its financial transactions furthered private interests and that its income inured to private shareholders and individuals, including through loans to related for-profit entities. Contributions became nondeductible for responsible or aware contributors, and the organization was required to file Form 1120.

Ruling snapshot

• Question: Did the organization operate exclusively for exempt purposes under IRC § 501(c)(3)?
• Outcome: Revocation
• Key authorities: IRC §§ 501(a), 501(c)(3), 170, 7428, and 6104(c); Treas. Reg. § 1.501(c)(3)-1

Full text (IRS public release)

DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY
INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE
TE/GE: EO Examinations
625 Fulton Street, Room 503 501.03-00
Brooklyn, NY 11201

TAX EXEMPT AND
GOVERNMENT ENTITIES

DIVISION February 2, 2010

Release Number: 201021033
Release Date: 5/28/10

LEGEND

ORG = Organization name Taxpayer Identification Number:

XxX = date Address = address Person to Contact:
Identification Number:

ORG Contact Telephone Number:

ADDRESS

LAST DATE FOR FILING A PLEADING

WITH THE TAX COURT, THE CLAIMS,
COURT, OR THE UNITED STATES
DISTRICT COURT FOR THE DISTRICT
OF COLUMBIA: May 3, 20XX

CERTIFIED MAIL
Dear

This is a final adverse determination regarding your exempt status under section
501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code (the Code). Your claim as an organization
exempt under section 501(c)(3) is hereby revoked and you are not exempt under
section 501(a) of the Code effective May 21, 20XX.

The revocation of your exempt status was made for the following reason(s):

You are not operating exclusively for any religious purpose, charitable purpose,
educational purpose, or any other exempt purpose. Our examination reveals that you
are not engaged primarily in activities which accomplish religious, charitable,
educational or other exempt purposes as required by Treas. Reg. 1.501(c)(3)-1(c)(1).
Your activities, including your financial transactions, more than insubstantially furthered
non-exempt purposes. Moreover, you failed to establish that you were not operated for
the benefit of private interest of your president/secretary/director and private
shareholders or individuals, as required for continued recognition of exemption pursuant
to Treas. Reg. 1.501(c)(3)-1(d)(1)(ii). Your income inured to the benefit of private
shareholders and individuals.

Contributions to your organization are no longer deductible under IRC §170. Any
contributions to your organization by those who were in part responsible for, or were
aware of, the activities or deficiencies on the part of your organization that gave rise to

loss of exempt status will not be allowed as a deduction effective May 21, 20XX.

You are required to file income tax returns on Form 1120. These returns should be
filed with the appropriate Service Center for the tax year ending December 31, 20XX
and for all tax years thereafter in accordance with the instructions of the return.

Processing of income tax returns and assessments of any taxes due will not be delayed
should a petition for declaratory judgment be filed under section 7428 of the Internal
Revenue Code.

If you decide to contest this determination under the declaratory judgment provisions of
section 7428 of the Code, a petition to the United States Tax Court, the United States
Claims Court, or the district court of the United States for the District of Columbia must
be filed before the 91st Day after the date this determination was mailed to you. Please
contact the clerk of the appropriate court for rules regarding filing petitions for
declaratory judgments by referring to the enclosed Publication 892. You may write to
these courts at the following addresses:

You also have the right to contact the Office of the Taxpayer Advocate. Taxpayer
Advocate assistance is not a substitute for established IRS procedures, such as the
formal Appeals process. The Taxpayer Advocate cannot reverse a legally correct tax
determination, or extend the time fixed by law that you have to file a petition in a United
States court. The Taxpayer Advocate can, however, see that a tax matter that may not
have been resolved through normal channels gets prompt and proper handling. You
may call toll-free, and ask for Taxpayer Advocate Assistance. If you prefer, you may
contact your local Taxpayer Advocate at:

We will notify the appropriate State Officials of this action, as required by Code section
6104(c). You should contact your State officials if you have any questions about how
this final determination may affect your State responsibilities and requirements.

If you have any questions, please contact the person whose name and telephone
number are shown in the heading of this letter.

Sincerely,

Nanette M. Downing
Acting Director, EO Examinations

Enclosure:
Publication 892

I \ DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY

& Pm, B- Internal Revenue Service

LI 8701 S. Gessner, M/S 4900HAL
Sa Houston, TX 77074-2926

TAX EXEMPT AND
GOVERNMENT ENTITIES

DIVISION
August 2, 2010
Taxpayer Identification Number:
ORG Form:
ADDRESS

Tax Year(s) Ended:
Person to Contact/ID Number:

Contact Numbers:
Telephone:
Fax:

Certified Mail - Return Receipt Requested

Dear

We have enclosed a copy of our report of examination explaining why we believe
revocation of your exempt status under section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code
(Code) is necessary.

If you accept our findings, take no further action. We will issue a final revocation letter.

If you do not agree with our proposed revocation, you must submit to us a written
request for Appeals Office consideration within 30 days from the date of this letter to
protest our decision. Your protest should include a statement of the facts, the
applicable law, and arguments in support of your position.

An Appeals officer will review your case. The Appeals office is independent of the
Director, EO Examinations. The Appeals Office resolves most disputes informally and
promptly. The enclosed Publication 3498, The Examination Process, and Publication
892, Exempt Organizations Appeal Procedures for Unagreed Issues, explain how to
appeal an Internal Revenue Service (IRS) decision. Publication 3498 also includes
information on your rights as a taxpayer and the IRS collection process.

You may also request that we refer this matter for technical advice as explained in
Publication 892. If we issue a determination letter to you based on technical advice, no
further administrative appeal is available to you within the IRS regarding the issue that
was the subject of the technical advice.

Letter 3618 (04-2002)
Catalog Number 34809F

If we do not hear from you within 30 days from the date of this letter, we will process
your case based on the recommendations shown in the report of examination. If you do
not protest this proposed determination within 30 days from the date of this letter, the
IRS will consider it to be a failure to exhaust your available administrative remedies.
Section 7428(b)(2) of the Code provides, in part: "A declaratory judgment or decree
under this section shall not be issued in any proceeding unless the Tax Court, the
Claims Court, or the District Court of the United States for the District of Columbia
determines that the organization involved has exhausted its administrative remedies
within the Internal Revenue Service." We will then issue a final revocation letter. We
will also notify the appropriate state officials of the revocation in accordance with section
6104(c) of the Code.

You have the right to contact the office of the Taxpayer Advocate. Taxpayer Advocate
assistance is not a substitute for established IRS procedures, such as the formal
appeals process. The Taxpayer Advocate cannot reverse a legally correct tax
determination, or extend the time fixed by law that you have to file a petition in a United
States court. The Taxpayer Advocate can, however, see that a tax matter that may not
have been resolved through normal channels gets prompt and proper handling. You
may call toll-free 1-877-777-4778 and ask for Taxpayer Advocate Assistance. If you
prefer, you may contact your local Taxpayer Advocate at:

If you have any questions, please call the contact person at the telephone number
shown in the heading of this letter. If you write, please provide a telephone number and
the most convenient time to call if we need to contact you.

Thank you for your cooperation.

Sincerely,

Vicki L. Hansen
Acting Director, EO Examinations

Enclosures:
Publication 892
Publication 3498
Report of Examination

Letter 3618 (04-2002)
Catalog Number 34809F

Form 886-A EXPLANATIONS OF ITEMS 08/12/20XX

(Rev. January 1994) Page 1 of 13
Name of taxpayer Tax Identification Number 7 | Year/Period ended
ORG
| 12/31/XX &
| 12/31/XX
LEGEND
ORG = Organization name XX = date Address = address City = city State =
state POA = POA ATTN = attorney CPA = CPA Manager = manager Agent =
agent EMP-1 = 1st employee DIR-1, DIR-2, DIR-3, DIR-4 & DIR-5 = 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th
& 5th DIRECTORS CO-1 THRU CO-15 = 1st THRU 15th COMPANIES IND-1 THRU IND-10 = 1st

THRU 10th IND
ISSUES:

ORG does not qualify as an integrated auxiliary under Internal Revenue Code Section 501(a)

ORG, City, State failed to operate as an organization exempt under Section 501(c)(3) of the
Internal Revenue Code

Loans made to the for-profit and other related entities owned by the President/Director DIR-1
constitute private benefit/inurement

FACTS:

ORG, City, State (herein referred to as “ORG’) was initially incorporated on May 21, 20XX as a
non-profit corporation under the Non- Profit Corporation Laws of State. This organization was
incorporated under the name “ORG”. Article IV of the initial Articles of Incorporation stated in part:

“Said corporation is organized exclusively for charitable, religious, educational and scientific
purposes including for such purposes, the making of distributions to organizations that qualify as
‘exempt organizations under section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code, or the
corresponding section of any future federal tax code’.

“No part of the net earnings of the corporation shall inure to the benefit of or be distributable to its
members, trustees, officers or other private persons, except that the corporation shall be
authorized and empowered to pay reasonable compensation for services rendered and to make
payments and distributions in furtherance of the purposes set forth in Article II hereof.”

“Notwithstanding any other provision of these articles the corporation shall not carry on any other
activities not permitted to be earned on (a) by a corporation exempt from federal Income tax under
section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code or the corresponding section of any future federal
tax code or (b) a corporation contributions to which are deductible under section 170(c)(2) of the
Internal Revenue Code, or the corresponding section of any future federal tax code.”

Article IV of the initial Articles of Incorporation stated:

“Upon dissolution of the corporation assets shall be distributed for one or more exempt

" Article II] stated, “The period of duration is perpetual”.

Form 886-A (1-1994) Catalog Number 20810W Page 1 publish.no.irs gov Department of the Treasury-Internal Revenue Service

Form 886-A 08/12/20XX
(Rev. January 1994) | EXPLANATIONS OF ITEMS Page 2 of 13

‘Name of taxpayer ; | Tax Identification Number Year/Period ended
ORG 12/31/XX &
12/31/XX

purposes within the meaning of section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code, or the
corresponding section of any future federal tax code, or shall be distributed to the federal
government or to a state or local government, for a public purpose. Any such assets not so
disposed of shall be disposed of by a Court of Competent Jurisdiction of the county in which the
principal office of the corporation is then located, exclusively for such purposes or to such
organization or organizations as said court shall determine, are organized and operated
exclusively for such purpose.”

Articles of Amendment were filed with the Office of the Secretary of State of State on November
26, 20XX for the purpose of changing the name of the corporation from “ORG” to “ORG, City,
State.”

The trustees/directors of ORG included DIR-1, DIR-2 (spouse of DIR-1), DIR-3 (mother of DIR-1)
and DIR-4 (brother-in-law of DIR-1 and DIR-2). In addition to serving as a director/trustee, DIR-1
was elected the president and secretary per the minutes of ORG’s organizational meeting held on
May 23, 20XX. DIR-1 signed documents as president or as secretary of ORG.

ORG did not file Form 1023, Application for Recognition of Exemption Under Section 501(c)(3) of
the Internal Revenue Code, to apply for recognition of exempt status under Internal Revenue
Code Section 501(a). ORG did not file Form 990, Return of Organization Exempt From Income
Tax, for any period since inception.

Small Business/Self-Employed Examination (herein referred to as SB/SE) examined the Form
1040 Individual Income Tax Return, Form 1120 Corporate Tax Return, and Form 1120S Income
Tax Return for an S Corporation returns for DIR-1 and his related corporations. During the course
of their examination, substantial deductions for charitable contributions were reflected on the Form
1040s and Form 1120s. In questioning the claimed contributions, SB/SE determined all payments
claimed as charitable deductions were made to ORG. SB/SE was informed by the power of
attorney on their case, CPA, CPA, that ORG was an integrated auxiliary of the CO-1 (CO-1) and
as an integrated auxiliary the entity, ORG, did not have a filing requirement. SB/SE was further
informed by the bookkeeper/tax preparer, EMP-1, that ORG was an organization established and
controlled by DIR-12

To verify the affiliation/association, a third party contact was made to CO-1 by the SB/SE revenue
agent. Trustee IND-1 in a letter dated June 20, 20XX responded on behalf of CO-1 as follow: “/
want to inform you that this organization is not affiliated with CO-2. | am unaware who operates
this organization or the purpose of this foundation. It is not an auxiliary of CO-2.”

In approximately January 20XX SB/SE requested a collateral examination of ORG be conducted
by Tax Exempt/Government Entities Exempt Organization (herein referred to as TE/GE:EO). An
examination was conducted of the books and records for ORG for the periods ending December
31, 20XX and December 31, 20XX by TE/GE:EO.

• CPA, CPA and EMP-| are discussed later in the report.

Form 886-A (1-1994) Catalog Number 20810W Page 2 publish.no.irs gov Department of the Treasury-Internal Revenue Service

Form 886-A 08/12/20XX
(Rev. January 1994) EXPLANATIONS OF ITEMS Page 3 of 13
Name of taxpayer Tax Identification Number Year/Period ended
ORG
| 12/31/XX &
12/311XX

Opening interview for the examination was held on April 18, 20XX. Present for the initial interview
was DIR-1; his power of attorney, CPA, CPA; EMP-1, bookkeeper for ORG and for DIR-1’ other
business entities; Manager TE/GE:EO Group and Revenue Agent/Forensic Investigator.

During the interview, DIR-5 stated ORG was an integrated auxiliary by sharing the same beliefs as
CO-1 and by virtue of including the name “an integrated auxiliary of CO-2, City, State” in the name
of the organization. DIR-5 stated Treasury Decision (TD) 8640 which was issued on December 15,
19XX “decision loosen up the requirements” on what was necessary to qualify to be an integrated
auxiliary. He further stated TD 8640 made it clear the “internal support rule does not apply”. (See
attached EXHIBIT A, Treasury Decision 8640)

Information Document Request (IDR) #008 was issued to request specific details on what
affiliation ORG had with the CO-1; specific court cases and research to support ORG’s position
that it was an integrated auxiliary; a statement to address why the Articles of Amendment did not
mention any activities relating to being an integrated auxiliary of CO-1; and a statement to explain
how ORG became involved with the concept of being an integrated auxiliary. The response from
POA DIR-5 was incomplete, did not address all issues, and stated the following:

“Based on your request, | am submitting a statement regarding ORG and Treasury Decision 8640,
issued December 15, 19XX. Treasury Decision was issued to incorporate the Rules of Rev. Proc.
86-23 regarding the definition of integrated auxiliary of churches regarding the organizations
financial support and nature of the organizations activities. The regulations of Section 1.6033-
2(g)(5) are amended by the decisions in this document. The first item amended by this TD is the
requirement that the organization’s activities are ‘exclusively religious’. Subsequent to litigation,
the IRS met with representatives of various church operations to develop a less controversial and
more objective standard for identifying an integrated auxiliary of a church. The IRS eliminated the
‘exclusive religious’ activity test and stated that the new definition eliminating the ‘exclusive
religious’ test is consistent with Court holdings and legislative history. Also, the final regulations do
not include the internal support requirement. Therefore...ORG, qualifies as an integrated auxiliary
of a church.”

As part of the audit process, ORG provided complete records for the audit year including
statements for the following bank accounts: CO-3 (BO) Account # CO-4 (CO-4) Account #; and
CO-5 Account #. In addition, ORG provided the general ledger from date of inception, May 20XX,
along with other financial records. The older records were not requested for the examination, but
were voluntarily provided.

Total gross deposits into ORG’s accounts were as follows:

Year Total Deposits Comments

20XX $ From General Ledger

Form 886-A (1-1994) Catalog Number 20810W Page 3 publish.no.irs.gov Department of the Treasury-Internal Revenue Service

Form 886-A EXPLANATIONS OF ITEMS 08/12/20XX

_ (Rev. January 1994) | Page 4 of 13
Name of taxpayer Tax Identification Number Year/Period ended
ORG 12/31/XX &

12/311XX
20XX — $ From General Ledger
20XX $ CO-3
20XX $ CO-3
20XX $ CO-4 — not including interest earned
20XX $ CO-5 — not including interest earned
20XX -0-

$ Total Deposits from 20XX through 20XX

The analyses of the financial records showed a substantial amount of the deposits were from DIR-
1 or from one of his related companies. No other sources of deposits were identified. Some
deposits were identified as transfers from one bank account to another account or loans repaid to
ORG. The related companies from which payments came included:

CO-6 C-Corp EIN

CO-7 S-Corp EIN
CO-8 S-Corp EIN
CO-9. S-Corp EIN

Based on their findings, SB/SE proposed the disallowance of the charitable contribution deduction
claimed by DIR-1 and DIR-2 on their Form 1040 and claimed by the related entity, CO-6 for the
years under examination which included tax years ending December 31, 20XX through December
31, 20XX. From the information provided by SB/SE, the specific amounts of funds claimed as
charitable deductions to ORG were as followings:

Form 1040: Tax Year Ending Amount
December 31, 20XX $
December 31, 20XX $
December 31, 20XX 0
December 31, 20XX )
Total: $°
Form 1120: December 31, 20XX $

The analyses of the financial records reflected the majority of the financial activity related to loans
disbursed by ORG to either companies owned by DIR-1 or companies that DIR-1 had business
dealing with.

This included the following:

8 Although this amount was contributed, the actual amount allowed as a charitable deduction on Form 1040 was limited to 50% of
the Adjusted Gross Income (AGI)

Form 886-A (1-1994) Catalog Number 20810W Page 4 publish.no.irs.gov Department of the Treasury-Internal Revenue Service

| 08/12/20XX

Form 886-A

(Rev. January 1994) EXPLANATIONS OF ITEMS Page 5 of 13

Name of taxpayer | Tax Identification Number Year/Period ended

ORG | 42/341XX &
| 12/31/XX

Date Check # Loan to: Amount

02/21/xx BO - CO-10

02/21/xx BO - CO-10

03/01/xx BO - CO-10

03/04/xx BO - CO-10

03/08/xx BO - CO-10

03/1 5/xx BO - CO-10

03/29/xx BO - CO-10

04/03/xx BO - CO-10

04/05/xx BO - CO-10

04/1 5/xx BO - CO-10

05/24/xx BO - CO-10

08/02/xx BO - CO-8

09/27/xx BO - CO-11

09/27/xx BO - CO-11

12/12/xx BO - CO-11

12/12/xx BO - CO-11

12/19/xx BO - CO-12

01/16/xx BO - CO-11

01/19/xx BO - CO-12

02/20/xx BO - CO-12

03/1 9/xx BO - CO-12.

12/23/xx CO-4 — CO-8

12/23/xx CO-4 - CO-8
Total $

CO-10 — DIR-1 stated* this was a “sprinkler company” that went bankrupt. Although DIR-1 stated
this was a bona fide loan and repayment was expected, the review of the available financial
records did not reflect the payment of any interest when repayments were made. In addition, $ of
the repayment was not directly from CO-10, but was from CO-11. It was not possible to locate
anyone with CO-10 to confirm the purpose of the payments.

CO-11 — DIR-1 stated® this organization was not related to him (or to any other trustees/board
members) as an individual or as a business owner, but this company was owned by IND-2. The
company was for subcontract laborers who did drywall work for one of DIR-1’ companies.

Third party contact was made with IND-2, Jr. in January 20XX. IND-2 stated he was the former
business partner of DIR-1. He and DIR-1 started in business together years ago (about 15 years
ago) and a few years back IND-2 decided to break away from DIR-1 and start his own business. In
discussing CO-11 and loans to/from ORG — IND-2 stated this was DIR-1’ company and the
address reflected in the Secretary of State records, Address, City, State, was DIR-1’ address, not
his address. IND-2 did not request any loans for this company since it is not his company and he
had no knowledge how the books were kept. IND-2 stated he thought CO-11 was DIR-1’ payroll

: Statement made during summons meeting held on October 1, 20XX. This meeting is discussed later on in the report.
Ibid

Form 886-A (1-1994) Catalog Number 20810W Page 5 publish.no.irs.gov Department of the Treasury-Internal Revenue Service

Form 886-A EXPLANATIONS OF ITEMS 08/12/20XX

(Rev. January 1994) Page 6 of 13
Name of taxpayer Tax Identification Number Year/Period ended
ORG
| 12/31/XX &
12/31/XX

|

company that paid the workers for one of DIR-1’ company. When informed the Secretary of State
records reflected him (IND-2) as the\ registered agent and information provided to the Service
indicated this could be a business owned by him, IND-2 stated it was not his business. He stated
he may have signed some documents given to him from DIR-1 or DIR-5, but it was definitely not
his business and he had no involvement in this entity.

CO-12/CO-12 Company — DIR-1 stated® CO-12 was a paint contractor who did subcontractor work
for one of DIR-1’ business. DIR-1 explained that IND-1 was injured, in the hospital, and his spouse
requested help since they were financially strapped. DIR-1 stated funds were deposited into IND-
1’s bank account and shortly after repaid. Third party contact was made to IND-4 and CO-12
owner of CO-12 Company, , State. Testimony was provided that their company is a
paint company and they were a subcontractor for CO-7 Their company performed services at the
CO-13 (a.k.a. CO-13) in City, State. IND-3 confirmed that her spouse, IND-5, suffered a head
injury in late 20XX and was unable to accurately prepare billings so they requested and received a
draw (advance) on funds due to them.

From IND-3’s records, CO-12 received advances of $ from the period 10/01/20XX through
05/07/20XX and subsequently billed CO-7 $ for services rendered. Their billings/invoices were
done by each unit (apartment) painted. IND-3 stated the advanced funds were supposed to be
directly deposited from CO-7 into their account which was located at the same bank, however
IND-3 stated they never saw the specific checks being deposited so they were not aware that
some funds came from ORG.

Transfers between accounts included the following:

Date Amount
02/27/xx From CO-4 Transfer to CO-3
07/28/xx From CO-4 Transfer to CO-3
06/10/xx From CO-6 Transfer to CO-5

__$

To determine the actual amount deposited for ORG’s stated exempt purpose, the amount
transferred between accounts and the amount identified as loan repayments had to be removed.
This was calculated as follows:

Gross Deposits $
Less: Transfers between Accounts
Loan Repayments $

Deposits Available for Exempt Purpose $

The following was confirmed as paid to CO-1 as charitable distributions:

® Ibid

Form 886-A (1-1994) Catalog Number 20810W Page 6 publish.no.irs.gov Department of the Treasury-Internal Revenue Service

Form 886-A 08/12/20XX
(Rev. January 1994) EXPLANATIONS OF ITEMS Page 7 of 13
Name of taxpayer Tax Identification Number “Year/Period ended
RG
° 12/31/XX &
12/31/XX
Date Amount

03/26/xx $

06/02/xx $

03/09/xx $

$.00

The following administrative expenses were paid which relate to ORG’s operation:

Date Name Amount
10/28/xx CO-14 $
05/15/xx CO-14 $
02/24/xx CO-15 $
05/21/xx CO-14 $
08/04/xx CO-14 §$

$

Summary of review of the financial records - The lending of money to organizations/companies
doing business with DIR-1 and the payment of administrative expenses were the main activities of
ORG. There was a de minimus amount of funds, $ given out for charitable purposes compared to
total contributions of $.

As part of the audit procedures, a third party contact was made with IND-6, Financial Secretary of
CO-1, to confirm the purpose of the payment from ORG to CO-1. Revenue Agent Revenue Agent
and Manager IND-4 Manager attended the meeting. IND-6 pulled CO-1’s donation records back to
19XX and was able to verify a total of $ in payments as shown above. Discussed with IND-6 her
knowledge or other church members’ knowledge of any other donations or planned donations
from ORG. IND-6 stated she had been at the church for four (4) years. Prior to her, the financial
secretary position was held by IND-7. The Minister of Education/Administration was IND-8 and he
had been there for approximately six years. The Parent’s Day Out program was run by IND-9 and
she had been there since before the program began and had been there for about eleven (11)
years. IND-6 stated she checked with all of the above members, as well as the trustee, IND-1,
who sent the original response to the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) and none of them had any
knowledge about ORG providing support or payments to CO-2, City, State. IND-6 stated IND-10
sent the letter to the IRS after he consulted with other leaders/ministers of CO-1.

Information Document Request (IDR) #004 was issued concerning foundation classification of
ORG. A Form SS-4, Application for Employer Identification Number (EIN) was submitted to the
IRS in May 20XX. This Form SS-4 indicated ORG was requesting an EIN as “Other nonprofit
organization — Private Foundation” and reflected the principal activity of “Private Foundation”.
From the testimony provided and the records reviewed, the funding of ORG was from DIR-1 or
from DIR-1’ related companies. A written response received from ORG’s Power of Attorney, DIR-
5, stated: “The ORG was originally formed as a private foundation on May 21, 20XX, as are all
nonprofit organizations. ORG later became an integrated auxiliary of a church when it amended its

Form 886-A (1-1994) Catalog Number 20810W Page 7 publish.no.irs.gov Department of the Treasury-Internal Revenue Service

Form 886-A EXPLANATIONS OF ITEMS 08/12/20XX

(Rev. January 1994) | Page 8 of 13
Name of taxpayer : Tax Identification Number Year/Period ended
ORG

| 12/31/XX &

| 12/31/XX

|

Articles of Incorporation on November 26, 20XX. The organization then became a Section 501@
(sic) organization and had no filing requirement per U.S. Treasury Regulation 1.6033.”

In conducting the examination, summonses were issued for an in-person interview with each of
the trustees/directors. DIR-1 was the only person who was interviewed pursuant to the issued
summons. Although documents provided for the audit, including the Articles of Incorporation,
bylaws, and meeting minutes gave the appearance that other family members were involved in the
operation of ORG, DIR-1 said the other board members had no involvement with the organization.
Therefore a decision was made to not pursue summons enforcement against the other
trustees/directors.

The meeting was held with DIR-1' on October 1, 20XX in response to IRS summons to obtain
information and testimony with respect to the establishment and operation of ORG. Present during
the meeting was DIR-1, his attorney ATTN, Manager IND-4 Manager and Revenue
Agent Revenue Agent. During that meeting the following information was obtained via oral
testimony from DIR-1:

Purpose of setting up ORG was to give money to help children of the church.

DIR-1 stated ORG was set up by DIR-5 and the plan was to contribute the money to ORG and
later make a large donation ($) to the church for the children. He mentioned that he was trying to
build up enough money in the account to do something like “build a building”.

When asked why ORG was considered to be an integrated auxiliary of CO-2, City, State, DIR-1
stated that DIR-5 said it had to be set-up that way, but DIR-1 was not told why it had to be set up
that way. At the time ORG was set-up, he was attending church at CO-1, but does not attend CO-
1 now. The leaders at the church changed in 20XX and recently changed again. DIR-1 stated he
did not know anyone at the church now.

In inquiring as to what discussion, if any, was held as to why Articles of Amendments were filed
changing the name from “ORG” to “ORG, City, State”, DIR-1 stated that DIR-5 told him that he
(DIR-5) had made a mistake, but he could not recall any discussion on what the mistake was.

DIR-1 stated that ORG was set-up and run the way DIR-5 verbally told him how to run it. DIR-5 did
not provide any publications or documentation to help him operate ORG.

DIR-1 acknowledged during the meeting that deposits into ORG came from him and his
companies. He also acknowledged that no one else contributed/donated to ORG. Donations were
not solicited from the public.

When DIR-1 was asked about the involvement of the other board member (family members) in the
financial operation of ORG, he stated they had no involvement.

DIR-1 admitted the lending activities did not fulfill ORG’s exempt purpose, but it did generate
some interest income which could be used for ORG’s exempt purpose. There were no loan
agreements, but the loans were for short periods of time (i.e. one-day loans).

Form 886-A (1-1994) Catalog Number 20810W Page 8 publish.no.irs. gov Department of the Treasury-Internal Revenue Service

Form 886-A 08/12/20XX
aimee) | EXPLANATIONS OF ITEMS Pave of 13
Name of taxpayer Tax Identification Number Year/Period ended
ORG
12/31/XX &
12/31/XX

A summary of the meeting was prepared and forwarded to DIR-1, as president of ORG, with IDR

011 requesting that he review the statement and provide any changes/additions to the testimony

provided during the meeting. This was also sent to ORG’s Power of Attorney, POA. A response
was requested by October 18, 20XX, but no response has been submitted.

LAW:

Section 501(a) of the Internal Revenue Code provides that an organization described in
subsection (c) or (d)...shall be exempt from taxation...”

Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code provides that “Corporations, and any community
chest, fund, or foundation, organized and operated exclusively for religious, charitable, scientific,
testing for public safety, literary, or educational purposes, ... no part of the net earnings of which
inures to the benefit of any private shareholder or individual... are exempt from Federal income
tax under this section’.

Sections 508(a) and (b) of the Internal Revenue Code requires new organizations to apply for
recognition of Section 501(c)(3) status and presumes all organizations are private foundations.

Section 508(c) of the Internal Revenue Code states “Subsection (a) and (b) shall not apply
to...churches, their integrated auxiliaries, and conventions or associations of churches, or...

Section 6033(a)(1) of the Internal Revenue Code provides that every organization exempt from
taxation under section 501(a) shall file an annual return, stating specifically the items of gross
income, receipts, and disbursements, and such other information for the purpose of carrying out
the internal revenue laws as the Secretary may by forms or regulations prescribe.

Section 6033(a)(2) of the Internal Revenue Code lists the major exceptions which includes
“churches, their integrated auxiliaries, and conventions or associations of churches’.

Federal Income Tax Regulation (Regulation) Section 1.501(c)(3)-1(a)(1) states: “In order to be
exempt as an organization described in Section 501(c)(3), an organization must be both organized
and operated exclusively for one or more of the purposes specified in such Code section. If an
organization fails to meet either the organizational test or the operational test, it is not exempt.”
(emphasis added)

Regulations Section 1.501(c)(3)-1(b)(1) provides, “An organization is organized exclusively for one
or more exempt purposes only if its articles of organization... (a) Limit the purposes of such
organization to one or more exempt purposes; and (b) Do not expressly empower the organization
to engage, otherwise than as an insubstantial part of its activities, in activities which in themselves
are not in furtherance of one or more exempt purposes.”

Regulation Section 1.501(c)(3)-1(b)(1) defines “articles of organization” to include the trust
instrument, the corporate charter, the articles of association, or any other written instrument by
which the organization is created.

Form 886-A (1-1994) Catalog Number 20810W Page 9 publish.no.irs. gov Department of the Treasury-Internal Revenue Service

Form 886-A 08/12/20XX
(Rev. January 1994) EXPLANATIONS OF ITEMS Page 10 of 13
Name of taxpayer Tax Identification Number Year/Period ended
ORG
| 12/341XX &
12/31/XX

Regulation Section 1.501(c)(3)-1(b)(4) provides, “An organization is not organized exclusively for
one or more exempt purposes unless its assets are dedicated to an exempt purpose. An
organization's assets will be considered dedicated to an exempt purpose, for example, if, upon
dissolution, such assets would, by reason of a provision in the organization's articles or by
operation of law, be distributed for one or more exempt purposes, or to the Federal government,
or to a State or local government, for a public purpose, or would be distributed by a court to
another organization to be used in such manner as in the judgment of the court will best
accomplish the general purposes for which the dissolved organization was organized.”

Regulation Section 1.501(c)(3)-1(c) provides, “An organization will be regarded as ‘operated
exclusively’ for one or more exempt purposes only if it engages primarily in activities which
accomplish one or more of such exempt purposes specified in Section 501(c)(3). An organization
will not be so regarded if more than an insubstantial part of its activities is not in furtherance of an
exempt purpose.” (emphasis added)

Regulation Section 1.501(c)(3)-1(c)(2) provides, “An organization is not operated exclusively for

one or more exempt purposes if its net earnings inure in whole or in part to the benefit of private

shareholders or individuals. For the definition of the words ‘private shareholder or individual’, see
paragraph (c) of Sec. 1.501(a)-1.” (emphasis added)

Regulation Section 1.501(a)-1(c) provides, “The words 'private shareholder or individual’ in
Section 501 refer to persons having a personal and private interest in the activities of the
organization.”

Regulation Section 1.501(c)-1(d)(1)(ii) provides that an organization is not organized or operated
exclusively for one or more exempt purposes “...unless it serves a public rather than a private
interest. Thus ... it is necessary for an organization to establish that it is not organized or operated
for the benefit of private interests such as designated individuals, the creator or his family,
shareholders of the organization, or persons controlled, directly or indirectly, by such private
interests.” (emphasis added)

Regulation Section 1.6033-2(h)(1) states “the term integrated auxiliary of a church means an
organization that is...(i) Described in both section 501(c)(3) and 509(a)(1), (2), or (3); (ii) Affiliated
with a church or convention or associate of churches; and (iii) Internally supported.”

Regulation Section 1.6033-2(h)(2) states “An organization is affiliated with a church. ..for
paragraph (h)(1)(ii) of this section if:

(i) |The organization is covered by a group exemption letter issued under applicable
administrative procedures...to a church or a convention or association of churches;

(ii) The organization is operated, supervised, or controlled by or in connection with...a church
or a convention or association of churches; or

(iii) Relevant facts and circumstances show that it is so affiliated.”

Form 886-A (1-1994) Catalog Number 20810W Page 10 publish.no.irs gov Department of the Treasury-Internal Revenue Service

Form 886-A 08/12/20XX
IRev January 1994) EXPLANATIONS OF ITEMS Page 11 of 13
Name of taxpayer Tax Identification Number Year/Period ended
ORG
| 12/34/XX &
| 12/31/XX
ee — oe a |

Regulation Section 1.6033-2(h)(3) pertains to the facts and circumstances and states “For
purposes of paragraph (h)(2)(iii) of this section, relevant facts and circumstances that indicate an
organization is affiliated with a church or a convention or association of churches include the
following factors. However, the absence of one or more of the following factors does not
necessarily preclude classification of an organization as being affiliated with a church or a
convention or association of churches —

(i)

(ii)

(iii)

(iv)

(vi)

The organization's enabling instrument (corporate charter, trust instrument, articles of
association, constitution or similar document) or by-laws affirm that the organization
shares common religious doctrines, principles, disciplines, or practices with a church or
a convention or association of churches;

A church or a convention or association of churches has the authority to appoint or
remove, or to control the appointment or removal of, at least one of the organization's
officers or directors:

The corporate name of the organization indicates an institutional relationship with a
church or a convention or association of churches;

The organization reports at least annually on its financial and general operations to a
church or a convention or association of churches;

An institutional relationship between the organization and a church or a convention or
association of churches is affirmed by the church, or convention or association of
churches, or a designee thereof; and

In the event of dissolution, the organization's assets are required to be distributed to a
church or a convention or association of churches, or to an affiliate thereof within the
meaning of this paragraph (h).”

Treasury Decision (TD) 8640 states “This document contains final regulations that exempt certain

integrated

auxiliaries of churches from filing information returns. These regulations incorporate the

rules of Rev. Proc. 86-23 (1986-1 C.B. 564), into the regulations defining integrated auxiliary for
purposes of determining what entities must file information returns. The new definition focuses on
the sources of an organization’s financial support in addition to the nature of the organization's

activities.”

Section 12.01 of Rev. Proc. 2008-9, I.R.B. 2008-2, 258 (January 14, 2008) provides exempt status
may be revoke or modified retroactively if the organization omitted or misstated a material fact or

operated |

namanner materially different from that originally represented.

GOVERNMENT'S POSITION:

Form 886-A

Form 886-A 08/12/20XX
(Rev. January 1994) | EXPLANATIONS OF ITEMS Page 12 of 13
Name of taxpayer Tax Identification Number Year/Period ended
ORG
12/31/XX &
12/311XX

The term “integrated auxiliary of a church” refers to a specific class of organizations that are
related to a church or convention or association of churches, but are not such organizations
themselves. A simple definition of an integrated auxiliary of a church would be an internally
supported organization or entity that is affiliated with a church or a convention or association of
churches as described in sections 501(c)(3) and 509(a)(1), (2), or (3). CO-1 did not support ORG
and denied any affiliation with ORG.

The “facts and circumstances” section of Regulation Section 1.6033-2(h)(3) provides six generally
accepted tests to indicate that the organization has satisfied the requirement of “affiliation” as
required by the Internal Revenue Code and applicable Treasury Regulation. In general, if a
reasonable number of these paragraphs are true, then the relevant facts and circumstances test
under Regulation Section 1.6033-2(h)(2)(iii) is considered met and the organization is deemed to
be affiliated with a church for the purpose of Regulation Section 1.6033-2(h)(1)(ii). In reviewing the
tests, the only factor in ORG's favor is (iii) which states the “corporate name of the organization
indicates an institutional relationship with a church....” Although, ORG stated in the official
documents filed with the Secretary of State of State that it was “an Integrated Auxiliary of CO-2,
City, State’, ORG did not get permission from CO-1 to use their name and CO-1 denies any
affiliation or knowledge about ORG. In addition, even though during the opening interview, DIR-5
stated ORG was an integrated auxiliary by “sharing the same beliefs” as CO-1, neither the Articles
of Incorporation nor the bylaw reflected common religious doctrines, principles, disciplines, or
practices with CO-1 as required by the Regulations.

Based on the definition and facts and circumstances of the Regulations, ORG does not qualify as
an integrated auxiliary under Internal Revenue Code Section 501 (a).

The approximate gross receipts deposited into ORG bank accounts in tax periods 20XX though
20XX totaled $. The majority of the deposits were from DIR-1, his spouse DIR-2 and DIR-1’
various business ventures. Charitable deductions under Section 170 of the Internal Revenue Code
were claimed on the DIR-1 jointly filed Form 1040s as well as on the related business entities’
Form 1120-S and Form 1120 for the periods ending December 31, 20XX through December 31,
20XX. DIR-1 himself acknowledged that ORG did not solicit nor did they receive any donations
from the public.

As reflected under the Facts, some of the deposits were determined to be non-taxable transfers
($) between accounts and non-taxable loan repayments ($). The financial records indicate there
23 separate payments given out as loans totaling $7.

The amount deposited and available to be used for ORG’s stated exempt purpose was
approximately $. Of this amount, only $ was confirmed as paid to CO-1. In addition, ORG had
some minor operating expenses such as the paying of franchise fees and ordering of checks.
The primary activity of ORG was the lending of funds to for-profit entities and to entities related to
DIR-1 rather than the conduct of charitable activity. Loans made to the for-profit and other related

’ The difference between loans given out and loans repaid was de minimus and not pursued ($ less $ = $)

Form 886-A (1-1994) Catalog Number 20810W Page 12 publish.no.irs.gov Department of the Treasury-Internal Revenue Service

Form 886-A EXPLANATIONS OF ITEMS 08/12/20XX

(Rev. January 1994) | | Page 13 of 13
Name of taxpayer Tax Identification Number Year/Period ended
ORG
12/31/XX &
12/31/XX

entities owned by the President/Director DIR-1 constitute private benefit/inurement. At the end of
tax year ending December 31, 20XX, loans were curtailed and outstanding loans were repaid.

Although ORG was organized as a non-profit corporation under the Non-Profit Corporation Laws
of State and held itself out to be a tax-exempt organization under Sections 509(a) and 501(c)(3) of
the Internal Revenue Code, ORG failed to operate for an exempt purpose.

Loans were made to for-profit and related entities.

Lending activity was the primary purpose compared to charitable activity.

ORG did not receive approval from CO-1 to use their name and CO-1 did not know ORG held
itself out to be an integrated auxiliary of the church.

VV WV

Based on the above, ORG has failed to operate as an integrated auxiliary of the CO-1 and failed
to meet the operational test of Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code

TAXPAYER’S POSITION:

From discussion held with Power of Attorney POA on August 12, 20XX taxpayer is in agreement
with proposed revocation.

CONCLUSION:

e Based on the facts presented above, the Service proposes to revoke ORG’s tax-exempt status
effective May 21, 20XX, date of formation. Any contributions to ORG are no longer deductible
as charitable contributions. Any contributions to this organization by those who were in part
responsible for, or were aware of, the activities or deficiencies on the part of the organization
that gave rise to loss of exempt status will not be allowed as a deduction effective the date of
revocation.

e SBSE is making the appropriate adjustment on all tax returns required to be filed. Form 1120
for ORG is not required to be filed since there is little to no tax liability.

e ORG will be required to distribute all remaining assets for one or more exempt purposes within
the meaning of section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code or to the Federal government
or State or Local government for a public purpose. Any charitable donation deductions
disallowed SB/SE will not be considered assets of ORG. Since the ORG has agreed with the
proposed revocation, distribution of assets can be made at any time at the discretion of ORG.

e When this proposed revocation becomes final, appropriate State officials will be advised of the
action in accordance with Internal Revenue Code Section 6104(c) and applicable regulations.

Form 886-A (1-1994) Catalog Number 20810W Page 13 publish.no.irs.gov Department of the Treasury-Internal Revenue Service