Federal agency decisions, searchable in plain English.

Workplace-safety cases from the Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission (OSHRC) and mine-safety cases from the Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission (FMSHRC), each with a plain-English summary, the standards it cites, and whether it counts as precedent. More agencies are coming.

5,593 decisions and counting · Latest decision July 17, 2026
5,593 decisions

No decisions match these filters

Try a different search term or clear the filters.

COMM

Champion International Corp.

Machine-guarding item vacated after employee notice

Champion International contested only item 8 of a 13-item nonserious citation. The Secretary moved to dismiss that item because the facts did not establish a violation of the point-of-operation guarding standard, and the judge vacated it. The Commission reviewed whether affected employees had…

March 14, 1975
Mixed result
COMM

Kit Manufacturing Co.

Eye-protection failure-to-abate penalty vacated

Kit Manufacturing's uncontested original citation required eye protection for employees working around saws and routers that emitted wood chips and sawdust. OSHA later alleged that the company had not corrected the violation and proposed an additional $2,900 penalty. At the reinspection, the…

March 14, 1975
Citations vacated
COMM

M-CO Equipment Co., Inc.

Crane fire-extinguisher item reinstated

M-CO Equipment was installing a sewer line at an Arizona construction site. A required fire extinguisher for a crane was kept in a pickup truck normally about 150 feet away, and the truck moved around the worksite. The Commission held that this did not make the extinguisher accessible and available…

March 7, 1975
Mixed result
COMM

Oestreichers Prints, Inc.

Citation affirmed after withdrawal of contest

Oestreichers Prints decided to withdraw its notice of contest after correcting the violations and paying the penalty in full. Neither party appeared at the scheduled hearing because the company failed to submit the expected withdrawal motion and the Secretary relied on its assurance that it would…

March 6, 1975
Citations affirmed
COMM

Jersey Steel Drum MFG. Corp.

Drum-expander guarding citation vacated

Jersey Steel Drum used an automatic drum-hoop expander whose hydraulic rams formed ribs in steel drums. During weekly maintenance, a foreman entered between the rams without locking out the power, accidentally triggered the machine, and was killed. The Commission majority held that the cited…

March 5, 1975
Citations vacated
COMM

J. R. Simplot Co.

Swing-saw guarding violation affirmed

J. R. Simplot used a 20-inch metal-cutting swing saw equipped with an adjustable blade guard. The guard could comply when allowed to float on the material, but the judge found that employees normally secured it in a raised position that left the point of operation exposed. The raised guard left…

March 3, 1975
Citations affirmed
COMM

Arkansas-Best Freight System, Inc.

Toe-protection citation reinstated

Arkansas-Best operated a busy North Carolina freight terminal where dock workers handled freight ranging from light goods to castings, pipes, and 55-gallon drums while forklifts moved throughout the area. Repair-shop employees also handled heavy tools, parts, and large truck tires. The company did…

February 21, 1975
Citations affirmed
COMM

Underhill Construction Corp. & DIC Concrete Corp, d/b/a DIC Underhill, A Joint Venture

Ninth-floor safety-belt citation affirmed

Employees of the DIC-Underhill joint venture stacked and rigged plywood at the unguarded edge of a building's ninth floor. As a load shifted during hoisting, one employee moved to avoid it, stepped off the edge, and fell to his death. The judge found that perimeter railings could not remain in…

February 21, 1975
Citations affirmed
COMM

Crescent Wharf & Warehouse Co.

Hazardous-cargo warning violation affirmed

Crescent Wharf employees loaded bags of barium hydroxide monohydrate and insecticide onto a vessel at an Alameda, California, terminal. Some bags leaked, and employees who inhaled or contacted barium hydroxide dust experienced breathing difficulty, coughing, irritation, nausea, and eye symptoms…

February 21, 1975
Citations affirmed
COMM

Pyropak Manufacturing, Inc.

One abatement extension approved and three dismissed as late

Pyropak Manufacturing sought additional time to correct four nonserious citation items involving machinery and electrical conditions. The judge found the petition timely only for item 5 and extended that item's deadline to January 6, 1975. He dismissed the extension requests for items 6, 7, and 8…

February 20, 1975
Procedural
COMM

Eichleay Corp.

Safety-belt violation affirmed and scaffold allegation vacated

Eichleay employees removed temporary boards from inside a vertical power-plant duct about 50 feet above its bottom. A boilermaker foreman and a union steward recognized that the task was hazardous but performed it without available safety belts or lifelines, and the foreman fell to his death. The…

February 20, 1975
Mixed result
COMM

Copperweld Steel Co.

Bottomless slag-pot citation affirmed

Copperweld Steel used a bottomless slag pot with a temporary dolomite bottom to handle molten slag at temperatures near 3,000 degrees Fahrenheit. Employees, union representatives, the safety director, and other company supervisors repeatedly warned management that the pot was unsafe, but the…

February 18, 1975
Citations affirmed
COMM

Pack River Lumber Co.

Saw-guarding violation classified as serious

Pack River Lumber operated two swing cutoff saws and one radial-arm saw without guards on the lower portions of their blades. It also had numerous unguarded gears, chains, belts, and pulleys that created pinch-point hazards throughout the workplace. The judge affirmed both violations as nonserious…

February 18, 1975
Modified
COMM

Consolidated Aluminum Corporation

Coal-tar exposure item vacated

OSHA alleged that a Consolidated Aluminum employee was exposed to coal-tar pitch volatiles above the eight-hour limit. The company contested that item and its proposed $40 penalty. The Secretary later moved to withdraw because the company had made good-faith corrective efforts and the investigative…

February 14, 1975
Mixed result
COMM

Frank Galey, Jr., d/b/a Galey Construction Co.

Ladder item reinstated and trench violation classified as nonserious

Galey Construction installed drain pipe in a long trench that reached approximately 18 feet deep at its western end. The Commission affirmed a trenching violation as nonserious because the hard, compact soil was nearly sloped to the required angle and the record did not establish a substantial…

February 13, 1975
Mixed result
COMM

Western Metal Decorating Company

Stairway item reinstated and respiratory-protection item vacated

Western Metal Decorating Company decorated flat sheets of tin and steel using coating, printing, and baking lines. OSHA issued a 25-item citation covering conditions that included housekeeping, powered industrial trucks, flammable liquids, machinery, electrical equipment, employee eating areas, and…

February 13, 1975
Mixed result
COMM

Wayne Taysom & Eli Taysom, d/b/a Taysom Construction Company

Crane power-line violation affirmed with a $300 penalty

Taysom Construction was building a concrete bank vault and used a crane to move cement from a delivery truck to the vault. The crane boom contacted an energized 12,000-volt power line, and the delivery-truck driver was killed when current traveled through the crane cable and bucket. The judge found…

February 12, 1975
Mixed result
COMM

Davenport Brothers, Inc.

Trench and head-protection violations affirmed, penalty reduced to $200

Davenport Brothers sent two employees into a trench to repair a broken water line. The judge found that the trench was more than five feet deep and was not shored, braced, or sloped, and that neither employee wore protective headgear. The Commission affirmed the serious trenching violation and the…

February 10, 1975
Modified
COMM

Carolina Power and Light Company

Settlement approved with surplus order language stricken

OSHA cited Carolina Power and Light Company for allowing fly ash to accumulate on a floor in a load allegedly greater than the structure was designed or approved to support. The parties settled after the company moved to withdraw its notice of contest, represented that the condition had been…

February 7, 1975
Settled
COMM

Julius Nasso Concrete Corporation and Beach Concrete Company, Inc., a Joint Venture, d/b/a Nasso Beach Concrete

Citation vacated for lack of reasonable promptness

Nasso Beach Concrete was the concrete subcontractor on a high-rise apartment project. An employee installing perimeter guardrail protection on the sixteenth floor fell and died, and OSHA investigated the next day. The area director decided on December 26, 1972, to issue a citation concerning fall…

February 6, 1975
Citations vacated
COMM

Greguson's Nursery, Inc.

Limited contest made power-line citation final, penalty set at $100

Greguson's Nursery performed landscaping work, and one of its employees was electrocuted when the boom he was operating contacted an energized power line while he moved boulders. The employer's notice of contest expressly challenged only OSHA's proposed $600 penalty. The Commission held that the…

February 6, 1975
Modified
COMM

Laster and Fingeret, Inc.

Penalties imposed for eight admitted construction violations

Laster and Fingeret was the general contractor at a building project and admitted three serious and five nonserious construction violations. The cited conditions included missing stair and perimeter railings, unguarded floor openings, fire-extinguisher and first-aid deficiencies, unsecured gas…

February 4, 1975
Modified
COMM

C. N. Flagg & Company, Inc., d/b/a Northeastern Contracting Company

Serious trench violation affirmed, willful citation vacated

Flagg was installing sewer pipe in a trench more than 15 feet deep. The trench boxes and sheeting did not protect the bottom portion, where employees worked, and the Commission upheld the finding that the soil was unstable. It affirmed a serious trenching violation and its $700 penalty from the…

February 4, 1975
Mixed result
COMM

Carpenter Rigging and Contracting Corporation

Serious fall-protection violation reinstated with a $650 penalty

Carpenter Rigging was a subcontractor constructing an automated container warehouse at John F. Kennedy Airport. Two employees repositioned planking while standing on eight-inch girders about 21 feet above a concrete floor without safety belts or lanyards, and one employee fell and died. The…

February 4, 1975
Citations affirmed
COMM

Hoffman Construction Co.

Fall-protection violation affirmed, scaffold item vacated

Hoffman Construction employees installing concrete forms at a nuclear power project worked about 40 to 50 feet above the ground while wearing safety belts but not tying off their lanyards. The Commission found that most of the workers were stationary, could feasibly tie off, and faced a serious…

January 31, 1975
Mixed result
COMM

Bay Marina, Inc.

Forklift failure-to-abate penalty set at $315

Bay Marina sold, stored, and repaired boats using a forklift that had an added counterweight without the manufacturer's approval. The company admitted the powered-industrial-truck violations and failed to remove the counterweight by the abatement date, leaving only the additional penalty in…

January 31, 1975
Modified
COMM

Todd Shipyards Corp.

Three repeated ship-repair violations affirmed

Todd Shipyards was repairing the S/S OREGON MAIL when OSHA found an unguarded manhole, an obstructed passageway, and an employee working from a scaffold railing without fall protection. The judge found repeated violations of the manhole, housekeeping, and elevated-work standards because earlier…

January 31, 1975
Mixed result
COMM

Underhill Construction Corp.

Open-floor fall hazard affirmed for $700

Underhill Construction employees stripped concrete forms near unguarded perimeters on the 18th through 20th floors of a New York apartment project. The judge vacated the citation because contract negotiations began before the effective dates stated in a Construction Safety Act provision. The…

January 31, 1975
Citations affirmed
COMM

Dayton Tire & Rubber Co.

Recordkeeping duty covered supplied warehouse workers

Dayton operated a tire warehouse using about 65 workers supplied and paid by Manpower, Inc. Dayton selected the workers, trained and equipped them, controlled their schedules and assignments, supervised them, and could discipline or remove them. The Commission held that economic reality made Dayton…

January 29, 1975
Modified
COMM

California Rotogravure Co.

Storage-roof violation affirmed without penalty

California Rotogravure operated a printing plant where employees occasionally climbed onto an unguarded office roof to handle stored materials. The Commission held that the roof became a working platform when employees used it and affirmed the guardrail violation without a penalty. It vacated a…

January 28, 1975
Mixed result
COMM

A. B. Hall, d/b/a Dixie Roofing & Metal Co.

Roof citations reduced to nonserious

Dixie Roofing employees installed roofing around 12 unguarded openings and along unguarded edges about 15 to 16 feet above lower surfaces. They also used an unsecured wooden ladder several times each day to reach the roof. The judge affirmed all three violations but reduced the roof-opening and…

January 28, 1975
Modified
COMM

Badger Aluminum Extrusion Corp.

Acid-tank platform penalty restored

Badger Aluminum used an unguarded platform above a tank containing a five-foot depth of 15 percent sulfuric acid solution. An employee worked on the platform, creating a risk of falling into the tank. The judge affirmed a nonserious guardrail violation but vacated the proposed penalty because the…

January 27, 1975
Modified
COMM

Pratt & Whitney Aircraft, A Div. of United Aircraft Corp.

Loading-area general-duty citation vacated

Pratt & Whitney loaded tractor-trailers on a service road near a remote storage building, using forklifts for about 30 minutes at a time. Traffic was infrequent, moved slowly, and consisted mainly of company vehicles, while the forklifts and trucks used warning lights and employees followed safety…

January 27, 1975
Citations vacated
COMM

Uriel G. Ashworth

Masonry-wall shoring citation vacated

Ashworth was the masonry subcontractor on a school project where tall block walls remained unbraced before the roof trusses were installed. One wall collapsed during a weekend, and a second wall later collapsed, killing one worker and injuring several others. OSHA cited the masonry contractor under…

January 24, 1975
Citations vacated
COMM

Marine Terminals Corp.

Posted settlement approved without separate service proof

Marine Terminals contested only the two $125 penalties associated with its citation, so the citation itself had already become final. The parties agreed that OSHA would withdraw one proposed penalty and the employer would withdraw its contest to the other. The settlement was posted at the worksite…

January 23, 1975
Settled
COMM

Deemer Steel Casting Co.

Grinding-dust abatement stayed for variance review

Deemer Steel used portable grinders to clean castings without hoods or enclosures connected to an exhaust system. The parties agreed that no workable system had been arranged for the varied work positions, and the company began requiring respirators after the citation. The Commission affirmed the…

January 23, 1975
Mixed result
COMM

St. Regis Paper Co.

Noise-abatement extension affirmed after employee notice

St. Regis sought additional time to correct employee noise exposures at its Bucksport, Maine, facility. The judge granted an extension from August 6, 1974, to March 1, 1983, following the timetable in the company's hazard profile study. OSHA did not object and stated that the company had made a…

January 22, 1975
Procedural
COMM

Structural Steel Erectors, Inc., d/b/a Pecosteel-Arizona

Serious skylight violation affirmed

Pecosteel installed a metal roof with four plastic skylight panels that could not support a 200-pound person. The job foreman initially kept the skylights covered with metal sheets but removed those sheets when other roofing material failed to arrive. The next morning the foreman fell through an…

January 22, 1975
Citations affirmed
COMM

Traders Oil Mill Co.

Raw-cotton-dust items vacated on summary judgment

OSHA cited Traders Oil Mill for failing to control alleged excessive concentrations of raw cotton dust. The plant superintendent submitted an affidavit stating that the facility processed only cottonseed and did not procure, process, or otherwise handle raw cotton. OSHA did not file a…

January 20, 1975
Citations vacated
COMM

James Tice, d/b/a Tice Industries

Swing-saw citation split, penalty cut to $50

Tice Industries used a metal swing saw that could extend beyond the workbench and had a blade guarded only on its upper half. The employer's informal answer timely challenged the allegation that the saw's overtravel exposed the operator's body, and the Commission found OSHA had not proved that…

January 20, 1975
Mixed result
COMM

Peter Bratti Associates, Inc. & D'Adderio Construction Co., Inc.

Cylinder and fire-protection citations vacated

Bratti performed stonework and D'Adderio performed brickwork on a 15-story construction project where compressed-gas cylinders were found lying on their sides without valve caps. OSHA also alleged that required fire extinguishers were missing. The judge found insufficient evidence that either…

January 17, 1975
Citations vacated
COMM

Martin Iron Works, Inc.

Crane inspection violations added without penalties

Martin Iron Works used a crane beyond the manufacturer's rated lifting radius and capacity during structural steel erection at a Nevada casino project. The judge affirmed that serious violation for $850, along with an inadequate ladder for $55, unsecured gas cylinders for $55, and an improperly…

January 17, 1975
Mixed result
COMM

Weicker Transfer & Storage Co.

Crane lessor remained employer of leased crew

Weicker leased a crane, operator, and oiler to a construction contractor under an agreement placing the crew under the contractor's exclusive supervision and control. The operator and oiler still reported to Weicker, punched its time clock, were paid by it, considered themselves its employees, and…

January 17, 1975
Citations affirmed
COMM

Edgewood Construction Co.

Gas-detection general-duty violation affirmed

Edgewood installed a sewer beside a corroded natural-gas line that leaked repeatedly during the project. Employees relied on odor and waited 15 minutes for ventilation before entering the sewer, but the company did not use gas-detection instruments or change its ventilation methods. Gas accumulated…

January 17, 1975
Mixed result
COMM

Murphy Pacific Marine Salvage Co.

Eye-protection violation affirmed for $25

An individual at Murphy Pacific's Staten Island yard used an air hose to clean an engine without protective goggles. When OSHA pointed out the condition, the foreman stopped the work and the individual retrieved goggles from his locker before resuming. The Commission inferred from the…

January 13, 1975
Citations affirmed
COMM

McGuire & Hester

Trench and spoil-pile violations affirmed

McGuire & Hester reopened a trench to reposition a water line beneath a gas main. An employee worked in a section more than five feet deep that lacked adequate shoring or compliant sloping, while traffic and heavy equipment operated nearby. Excavated soil three to four feet high was also piled…

January 10, 1975
Citations affirmed
COMM

Norfolk & Western Railway Co.

Poster item affirmed, recordkeeping items vacated

Norfolk & Western operated a railroad switching and maintenance yard in Bellevue, Ohio. OSHA cited it for failing to post the required employee-rights notice and for failing to maintain the injury log, supplementary record, and annual summary. The Commission affirmed the poster citation and its $50…

January 8, 1975
Mixed result
COMM

Chamberlain Manufacturing Corp.

Nine violations affirmed, penalties set at $1,292.50

Chamberlain operated an Iowa manufacturing plant producing ammunition components, appliance shelving, and aluminum ladders. The judge affirmed nine nonserious items involving damaged hoist ropes and a distorted hook, missing electrical covers, excessive compressed-air pressure, emergency washing…

January 7, 1975
Mixed result
COMM

Heede International, Inc.

Serious wire-rope clip violation affirmed

Heede directed the dismantling of a climbing crane inside a building under construction in Puerto Rico. A 7/8-inch wire-rope sling used in the operation was formed with three U-bolt clips, while the applicable table required four. The judge found that Heede controlled the crane operation and the…

January 7, 1975
Citations affirmed
COMM

A. G. Pinkston Co., Inc.

Serious trench penalty reduced to $250

Pinkston employees worked in a trench about seven feet deep without adequate shoring or sloping. The soil was cohesive clay, but it was not solid rock or another material exempt from the trench-protection requirement, and some soil had already sloughed from the side. The judge found a serious…

January 7, 1975
Modified
COMM

Allied Structural Steel Co.

Bridge fall-protection violations affirmed

Allied Structural Steel employees worked on a Mississippi River bridge at elevations about 80 feet above a concrete deck and 100 feet above the water. Several employees lacked safety nets, belts, scaffolds, catch platforms, or comparable fall protection, and employees moved between elevations by…

January 7, 1975
Citations affirmed
COMM

Langer Roofing & Sheet Metal, Inc.

Flat-roof edge violation affirmed

Langer employees worked on an unguarded flat roof more than six feet above the adjacent level. The Commission held that the open-sided-floor standard applied to flat roofs and affirmed that nonserious violation with a $55 penalty. A separate four-foot-square opening was covered by an unfastened…

January 7, 1975
Mixed result
COMM

Godwin-Bevers Co., Inc.

General-duty citation vacated because crane standard applied

Godwin-Bevers directed a leased crane and rigging crew while erecting precast concrete units beneath a 7,620-volt power line. A crane cable contacted the line, killing the contractor's foreman and injuring another employee and the crane lessor's oiler. OSHA cited Godwin-Bevers under the general…

January 7, 1975
Citations vacated
COMM

State Contracting Co., Inc.

Hard-hat item affirmed, trench penalties reduced

Two State Contracting employees worked in a deep trench that lacked required shoring or sloping, had no ladder for exit, and exposed them to falling material without hard hats. The employer had supplied hard hats and required their use, but the parties tried whether the employees actually wore…

January 3, 1975
Modified
COMM

E. C. Ernst, Inc.

Delayed hard-hat item vacated, housekeeping affirmed

OSHA inspected Ernst's electrical work at a multi-employer construction site and issued a citation 69 days later. The hard-hat item involved an employee who left Ernst before the citation issued and could not later be located. The Commission affirmed vacation of that item because the delay…

January 3, 1975
Mixed result
COMM

Gelhaar Uniform Co.

Needle-guard violation affirmed, exit item vacated

Gelhaar manufactured uniforms using dozens of powered sewing machines without point-of-operation needle guards. The Commission affirmed that violation and its $30 penalty because the exposed needles could puncture operators and employee resistance did not excuse missing guards. It vacated a…

December 31, 1974
Mixed result
COMM

Abdo S. Allen Co.

Demolition, posting, and recordkeeping allegations vacated

A front-end loader operator was killed when he drove onto an underground tunnel roof despite repeated instructions and warnings to avoid it. The Commission affirmed the judge's order vacating every allegation. The employer could not reasonably have anticipated the experienced operator's conduct…

December 27, 1974
Citations vacated
COMM

Safeway Stores, Inc.

Wheel-blocking violations affirmed before reconsideration

Safeway routinely loaded and unloaded semitrailers at three distribution facilities without wheel chocks or blocks. The Commission affirmed three violations of the truck-operations standard and penalties totaling $110. It vacated the parallel allegations under a second powered-industrial-truck…

December 26, 1974
Mixed result
COMM

Chicago Bridge & Iron Co.

Electrical and passageway items affirmed

Chicago Bridge & Iron was one of many contractors building nuclear-reactor containment vessels. OSHA cited improper attachment plugs, unguarded temporary bulbs, temporary lights suspended by unsuitable cords, 110-volt portable lighting in moist metal vessels, and hoses and cables obstructing…

December 26, 1974
Citations affirmed
COMM

Charles A. Davison & Margaret S. Davison, dba Davison Wood Products

Machine-guarding items affirmed without penalties

OSHA cited a small woodworking business for unguarded sanding machines, a jointer, saw belts and pulleys, and a rip saw, along with alleged electrical, spray-booth ventilation, and first-aid violations. The judge affirmed the four machine-guarding items without penalties. He vacated the electrical…

December 26, 1974
Mixed result

What these documents are

  • Commission decisions: Rulings by the Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission itself, the highest level of agency review. These are citable as Commission precedent, though a decision may have been appealed to a U.S. Court of Appeals after issuance.
  • ALJ decisions: Rulings by OSHRC Administrative Law Judges after a hearing. When no Commissioner directs review, an ALJ decision becomes a final order under 29 U.S.C. § 661(j): it binds the parties in that case but is not binding precedent in other cases.
  • Why finality matters: Every page here says which kind of decision you are reading, so you know whether it is precedent you can cite or a final order that only shows how one judge ruled on one set of facts.
  • Where they come from: Every page links the official OSHRC public release, and the full text on the page is that release. The plain-English summaries are written by Ezel.