FMSHRC ALJ decision Docket WEVA 91-49, WEVA 91-50, WEVA 91-62, WEVA 91-3, WEVA 91-51 Decided July 8, 1991 Mixed result Judge James A. Broderick

Consolidation Coal Company

Consolidation Coal Company (FMSHRC WEVA 91-49, WEVA 91-50, WEVA 91-62, WEVA 91-3, WEVA 91-51): Settlements approved and citations partly modified

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Currency note: this decision dates from 1991
The MSHA standards may have been amended, penalty amounts have been adjusted, and later Commission or court decisions may have changed the analysis since then. Treat this page as historical context, not current compliance advice. Verify the current standard before relying on any specific rule, threshold, or penalty mentioned here.
Final ALJ decision, not Commission precedent
This decision became final under the 40-day rule in 30 U.S.C. § 823(d)(1) because no later Commission review appears in the official index. It binds the parties but is not Commission precedent. The full text below is from the official FMSHRC release.
About this page: The plain-English summary and decision snapshot below were written by Ezel based on the official FMSHRC release. The full text is the agency's own release.
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Plain-English summary

Consolidation Coal's five related dockets involved settlements and a contested roof-support order at the Blacksville No. 1 and No. 2 Mines. Judge James A. Broderick approved the proposed settlements, vacated one overlapping citation, and affirmed the remaining settled citations. On the contested order, he found a violation involving unsupported roof near a roof fall, but held that injury was unlikely and the conduct was not unwarrantable failure, so he assessed a $200 penalty. He also modified another order to a section 104(a) citation and deleted the significant-and-substantial finding from one citation. The decision required $3,301 in total civil penalties.

Decision snapshot

  • Cited standards: 30 C.F.R. §§ 75.1725(a), 75.303(a), 75.1403, 75.1003(c), 75.202(a), 75.305, 75.1704, and 75.1403-8(a)
  • Outcome: Settlements were approved, one citation was vacated, two enforcement actions were modified and affirmed, and the listed penalties totaled $3,301.
  • Key point: The judge treated an area as one where miners were required to travel for weekly examinations, but found no S&S violation or unwarrantable failure on the contested roof-support order.

Full text (FMSHRC public release)


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           Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission
                  Office of Administrative Law Judges
                         2 Skyline, 10th Floor
                          5203 Leesburg Pike
                     Falls Church, Virginia 22041

SECRETARY OF LABOR, CIVIL PENALTY PROCEEDINGS
MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH
ADMINISTRATION (MSHA), Docket No. WEVA 91-49
PETITIONER A. C. No. 46-01867-03866
v.
CONSOLIDATION COAL COMPANY, Docket No. WEVA 91-50
RESPONDENT A. C. No. 46-01867-03867

                                   Docket No. WEVA 91-62
                                   A. C. No. 46-01867-03869

                                   Blacksville No. 1 Mine

                                   Docket No. WEVA 91-3
                                   A. C. No. 46-01968-03881

                                   Docket No. WEVA 91-51
                                   A. C. No. 46-01968-03885

                                   Blacksville No. 2 Mine

                               DECISION

Appearances: Page H. Jackson, Esq., Office of the Solicitor,
U. S. Department of Labor, Arlington, Virginia,
for the Secretary of Labor, (Secretary);
Walter J. Scheller III, Esq., Pittsburgh,
Pennsylvania, for Consolidation Coal Company
(Consol).

Before: Judge Broderick

STATEMENT OF THE CASE

 Pursuant to notice, the above cases were called for hearing

in Morgantown, West Virginia, on April 17, 1991. Counsel for the
Secretary made an oral motion on the record to approve
settlements of the violations charged in Docket Nos. PENN 91-3,
91-49, 91-51, and 91-62. He also moved to approve settlements in
three of the four citations included in Docket No. PENN 91-50.
The remaining 104(d)(2) Order in PENN 91-50 was heard on the
merits. Dale R. Dinning and Raymond L. Ash testified on behalf of
the Secretary. John M. Morrison and John M. Weber testified on
behalf of Consol. Both parties filed post hearing briefs with
respect to the contested order.


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PROPOSED SETTLEMENTS

 Docket No. WEVA 91-3 includes two 104(a) citations, one

alleging a violation of 30 C.F.R. 75.1725(a), the other a
violation of 30 C.F.R. 75.303(a). They were assessed at $292
and $227 respectively, and Consol agrees to pay the assessed
amount. I have considered the motion in light of the criteria in
Section 110(i) of the Act, and conclude that it should be
approved.

 Docket No. WEVA 91-49 includes four citations, two of which

charge violations of 30 C.F.R. 75.303(a). The Secretary moves
to vacate one of these, Citation No. 3314125 on the ground that
the area covered by the citation overlaps with that covered by
Citation No. 3314130. With respect to remaining three citations,
Consol agrees to pay the assessed amounts, $434 for Citation No.
3314124, $434 for Citation No. 3314129, and $276 for Citation No.
3314130. I have considered the motion in the light of the
criteria in Section 110(i) of the Act, and conclude that it
should be approved.

 Docket No. WEVA 91-50. With respect to three of the four

citations in the docket, the Secretary moves to approve
settlements in which Consol will pay the assessed amounts, $355
for Citation No. 3314121, $355 for Citation No. 3314122 and $276
for Citation No. 3314123. I have considered the motion in light
of the criteria in Section 110(i) of the Act, and conclude that
it should be approved.

 Docket No. WEVA 91-51. This docket contains a single

violation of 30 C.F.R. 75.1003(c) charged in a 104(a) citation.
It was originally assessed at $292. The violation involved an
unguarded trolley wire at a mantrip station. The motion proposes
that the citation be modified to a nonsignificant and substantial
one and the penalty be reduced to $176. The portal buses used at
the mine have a covered top and are insulated with rubber. The
only practical way in and out of the mantrip is from the wide
side of the track away from the wire. I have considered that
motion in the light of the criteria in Section 110(i) of the Act,
and conclude that it should be approved.

 WEVA 91-62. This docket contains a single violation of 30

C.F.R. 75.303(a) alleged in a citation charging an inadequate
preshift examination. The motion proposes that Consol will pay
the assessed amount of $276. I have considered the motion in the
light of the criteria in Section 110(i) of the Act, and conclude
that it should be approved.


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FINDINGS OF FACT with respect to Order No. 2708208.

 1. Consol was at all pertinent times the owner and operator

of an underground coal mine in Monongalia County, West Virginia,
known as the Blacksville No. 1 Mine.

 2. The imposition of civil penalties in this proceeding

would not affect Consol's ability to continue in business.

 3. Consol is a large operator.

 4. Between July 31, 1988 and July 30, 1990, there were 686

paid violations of mandatory standards at the subject mine (this
history, of course, extends beyond the date of the violation
involved in this proceeding). Included in this number are 32
violations of 30 C.F.R. 75.202 prior to the violation contested
here. This history is average for a mine of this size. It is not
such that a penalty should be increased because of it.

 5. The violation involved in this proceeding was promptly

abated in good faith.

 6. The subject mine has a history of roof falls; it has the

worst roof conditions of any mine in the Morgantown, West
Virginia area.

 7. The subject mine liberates approximately 3 million cubic

feet of methane in a 24 hour period.

 8. A roof fall occurred in the 4 South Left Return entry

prior to March 1, 1990. The roof was 12 feet to 14 feet high and
the fall caused a cavity 20 feet long, 14 feet wide, and about 6
feet high. The area was "dangered off" with a rope and a danger
sign on both sides of the fall.

 9. In early March 1990, the 4 South belt regulator was moved

to the 4 South Left return aircourse. The air passed through the
regulator and crossed an overcast to the return entry. Consol
explained that it moved the regulator because of the large number
of citations for float coal dust on the regulator at its former
location.

 10. The air velocity in the area of the roof fall was

approximately 50,000 cubic feet per minute.

 11. The entry was about 16 feet wide. The distance between

the danger signs was between 70 and 80 feet.

 12. There is no evidence that any miners travelled past the

danger sign on either side of the roof fall. Consol's evidence
establishes that it is highly unlikely that a Consol miner would
travel into a dangered-off area.


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  1. The mine weekly examination record indicates that an examiner
    had been in the vicinity of the 4 South belt regulator on April
    25, 1990. There is no evidence that the examiner traveled past
    the danger sign.

    1. Methane is lighter than air and tends to migrate to the
      higher places in a mine, and specifically to roof fall cavities.

    2. MSHA Program Policy Manual relating to 30 C.F.R.
      75.305, issued 7-1-88 (GX 3), requires weekly examinations of air
      courses. It provides that modification of this requirement where
      a roof fall has occurred, or where an area is unsafe for travel
      can be achieved only by a petition for modification under Section
      101(c) of the Act. It does not specifically require that the air
      course be traveled in its entirety, contrary to MSHA's argument
      in this case.

    3. Federal Mine Inspector Dinning issued a 104(d)(2) Order
      on April 30, 1990, charging a violation of 30 C.F.R. 75.202(a).
      The order found that additional roof support was needed at the
      No. 16 crosscut where the 4 South belt regulator crosses over the
      equalizing overcast to the 4 South Left return. The roof fall
      exposed the roof bolts so that they were hanging 3 to 4 feet from
      the roof. The order found that the area could not be traveled
      safely.

    4. The order originally found that the violation was
      significant and substantial and was reasonably likely to cause an
      injury. The MSHA conference officer modified the order deleting
      the significant and substantial finding and indicating that an
      injury was unlikely to result.

    5. Because of the height of the roof fall cavity and its
      distance from the danger signs it was not possible to adequately
      examine the area in question for the presence of methane on April
      25, 1990.

    6. Because of the distance of the roof fall from the danger
      signs, and the necessity of examining the edges of the roof fall
      for further deterioration by a sound and vibration test, it was
      not possible to adequately examine the roof conditions of the
      area in question on April 25, 1990.

DISCUSSION

 My findings of fact 18 and 19 are based largely on the

testimony of Raymond Ash, supervisor coal mine health and safety
inspector. The contrary testimony of Consol Safety Supervisor
John Morrison and John Weber, I find less persuasive. Morrison
admitted that he "could not see the entire top of this cavity . .
. " (Tr. 58). I do not accept Weber's conclusion that a methane
check of the cavity could be performed with a probe.


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Despite the presence of cribs, further deterioration of the roof
could occur and not be visible to an examiner standing at either
of the danger signs. Whether such further deterioration took
place could only be adequately determined by a sound and
vibration test.

 20. Should a further roof fall occur, it could damage an

overcast and disrupt the mine ventilation.

 21. The violation was abated and the order terminated on

April 3, 1990, on the grounds that the 4 South belt regulator was
removed from the No. 16 crosscut, and therefore the area of bad
roof would not have to be traveled through by a mine examiner.

REGULATIONS

 30 C.F.R.   75.202(a) provides:

      (a) The roof, face and ribs of areas where persons work
      or travel shall be supported or otherwise controlled to
      protect persons from hazards related to falls of the
      roof, face or ribs and coal or rock burst.

 30 C.F.R.   75.305 provides:

      In addition to the preshift and daily examinations
      required by this Subpart D, examinations for hazardous
      conditions, including tests for methane, and for
      compliance with the mandatory health or safety
      standards, shall be made at least once each week by a
      certified person designated by the operator in the
      return of each split of air where it enters the main
      return, on pillar falls, at seals, in the main return,
      at least one entry of each intake and return aircourse
      in its entirety, idle workings, and insofar as safety
      considerations permit, abandoned areas. Such weekly
      examinations need not be made during any week in which
      the mine is idle for the entire week, except that such
      examination shall be made before any other miner
      returns to the mine. The person making such
      examinations and tests shall place his initials and the
      date and time at the places examined, and if any
      hazardous condition is found, such condition shall be
      reported to the operator promptly. Any hazardous
      condition shall be corrected immediately. If such
      condition creates an imminent danger, the operator
      shall withdraw all persons from the area affected by
      such condition to a safe area, except those persons
      referred to in section 104(d) of the Act, until such
      danger is abated. A record of these examinations,
      tests, and actions taken shall be recorded in ink or
      indelible pencil in a book approved by the Secretary
      kept for such purpose in

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an area on the surface of the mine chosen by the mine operator to
minimize the danger of destruction by fire or other hazard, and
the record shall be open for inspection by interested persons.

ISSUES

 1. Whether the area cited was one where persons work or

travel?

 2. If a violation of 30 C.F.R.   75.202 is established,

whether it resulted from Consol's unwarrantable failure to comply
with the standard?

 3. If a violation of 30 C.F.R.      75.202 is established, what

is the appropriate penalty therefor?

CONCLUSIONS OF LAW

 1. Consol is subject to the provisions of the Mine Act in

the operation of the Blacksville No. 1 Mine, and I have
jurisdiction over parties and subject matter of this proceeding.

 2. In the case of Cypress Empire, 12 FMSHRC 911 (1990), the

Commission implied that the phrase in 75.202(a), "where persons
work or travel" includes not only areas where persons actually
work or travel, but also areas where persons are required to
travel. 12 FMSHRC 917.

 3. 30 C.F.R.   75.305 provides that return aircourses must

be examined in their entirely at least once each week. Findings
of Fact 18 and 19 establish that such examinations in the subject
maine would require the examiners to travel under unsupported
roof to adequately examine the area for hazardous conditions.

 4. Therefore, since persons are required to travel the cited

area, a violation of 30 C.F.R. 75.202(a) is shown, even though
there is no evidence that in fact anyone did travel the area
after the danger signs were in place.

 5. Because there is no evidence that persons did travel the

area, and because the evidence shows that it was highly unlikely
that anyone would travel the area, the violation (of 75.202(a);
the question whether 75.305 was violated is not before me) was
unlikely to result in injury to miners. I conclude that it was
not a serious violation.

 6. In Emery Mining Corp., 9 FMSHRC 1997 (1987) the

Commission held that unwarrantable failure means "aggravated
conduct, constituting more than ordinary negligence in relation
to a violation of the Act." I conclude that the evidence in this
record shows that Consol in good faith believed that dangering


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off the area of the roof fall constituted compliance with the
standard. This was erroneous, but was not aggravated conduct. I
conclude that the violation did not result from unwarrantable
failure to comply with the standard.

 7. Considering the evidence in the light of the criteria in

Section 110(i) of the Act, I conclude that a penalty of $200 is
appropriate for the violation.

                                 ORDER

 Based on the above findings of fact and conclusions of law,

IT IS ORDERED:

 1. Citation Nos. 3314013 and 3314014 (Docket No. WEVA 91-3)

are AFFIRMED.

 2. Citation Nos. 3314124, 3314129, and 3314130 are AFFIRMED.

Citation No. 3314125 is VACATED (Docket No. WEVA 91-49).

 3. Citation Nos. 3314121, 3314122, and 3314123 are AFFIRMED.

Order No. 2708208 is MODIFIED to a 104(a) Citation and, as
modified is AFFIRMED. (Docket No. WEVA 91-50).

 4. Citation No. 3314272 is MODIFIED to delete the

significant and substantial finding and, as modified is AFFIRMED.
(Docket No. WEVA 91-51).

 5. Citation No. 3314138 is AFFIRMED. (Docket No. WEVA

91-62).

 6. Consol shall within 30 days of the date of this Decision

pay the following civil penalties:

    CITATION/ORDER           30 C.F.R.         AMOUNT

        3314013              75.1725(a)          $ 292
        3314014              75.303(a)             227
        3314124              75.1403-8(a)          434
        3314129              75.202(a)             434
        3314130              75.303(a)             276
        3314121              75.1704               355
        3314122              75.1704               355
        2708208              75.202(a)             200

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3314123 75.305 276
3314272 75.1003 176
3314138 75.303(a) 276

                          TOTAL     $3301


                           James A. Broderick
                            Administrative Law Judge

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