Local Union 1889, UMWA v. Westmoreland Coal Company

Plain-English summary

This compensation proceeding arose from litigation involving a mine explosion and an imminent-danger order at Westmoreland Coal Company's mine. On interlocutory review, the Commission held that individual miner claimants were parties rather than mere witnesses, so they were not entitled to witness fees for depositions. It rejected special witness-protection treatment, affirmed the ruling allowing discovery about the circumstances of the miners' idlement, and held that state unemployment compensation was irrelevant and outside the permitted discovery. The Commission dissolved its stay and remanded the case for expedited proceedings.

Decision snapshot

• Governing provisions: 30 U.S.C. §§ 801 and 821
• Outcome: The judge's witness-fee ruling was reversed, another discovery ruling was affirmed, an irrelevant discovery subject was barred, and the case was remanded for expedited proceedings.
• Key point: Individual miner claimants in a compensation proceeding are parties, and discovery must remain tied to relevant issues.

Full text (FMSHRC public release)

CCASE:
UMWA V. WESTMORELAND COAL
DDATE:
19870701
TTEXT:

              FMSHRC-WDC
             JULY 1, 1987

LOCAL UNION 1889. DISTRICT 17,
UNITED MINE WORKERS OF
AMERICA (UMWA)

  v.              Docket No. WEVA 81-256-C

WESTMORELAND COAL COMPANY

  and

SECRETARY OF LABOR,
MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH
ADMINISTRATION (MSHA)

BEFORE: Backley, Doyle, Lastowka and Nelson, Commissioners

                ORDER

BY THE COMMISSION:

 This compensation proceeding under the Federal Mine Safety

and Health Act of 1977, 30 U.S.C. $ 801 et seq. (1982), was
commenced in 1981 and, on cross-petitions for interlocutory review,
is before the Commission for the third time. The petitions are
granted and, because time is of the essence at this stage of this
protracted litigation, briefing is suspended and we dispose of the
petitions by summary order. On the following bases, this matter
is remanded to presiding Judge Gary Melick.

In September 1986, the Commission remanded this case for
further proceedings to determine whether a nexus sufficient to
support an award of compensation existed between certain violations
of mandatory standards and the mine explosion and imminent danger
order involved in this case. 8 FMSHRC 1317, 1329-30 (September 1986).
We additionally stated: "If such a relationship is determined, the

Page 2

judge shall take appropriate action to identify the affected miners
and the amount of compensation due to each." 8 FMSHRC at 1330.
On the remand proceedings before Judge Melick, the parties became
engaged in disputes as to the scope and the terms and conditions of
discovery. Following certain rulings by the judge in a May 20, 1987
order, the parties filed these cross-petitions for interlocutory
review seeking review of that order. Upon receipt of the petitions,
the Commission stayed further proceedings before the judge.

Page 3

~1196
With respect to the petition filed by respondent
Westmoreland Coal Company ("Westmoreland"), we hold that the
judge erred in treating the individual miner claimants as mere
witnesses to this proceeding entitled to payment of witness fees
for participation in the depositions sought by Westmoreland. In
our practice in compensation proceedings, the individual miner
claimants are deemed to be parties (see generally UMWA Dist. No. 31
v. Clinchfield Coal Co., 1 IBMA 31, 47 (1971)), even if their miner's
representative, as here, is actually prosecuting the compensation
complaint as a party on their behalf. (30 U.S.C. $ 821; 29 C.F.R.
$ 2700.4(a).) The general rule in federal practice is that parties
ordinarily are not entitled to the payment of witness fees, and we
reverse the judge's authorization of such fees in the circumstances
of this proceeding. See, e.g., Barth v. Bayou Candy Co., Inc.,
379 F.Supp. 1201, 1205 (E.D. La. 1974).

Concerning the UMWA's petition, for the reasons stated above,

we reject the UMWA's contention that the individual miner parties are
entitled to special witness protection under Commission Procedural
Rule 59, 29 C.F.R. $ 2700.59 (protection from disclosure of the names
of miner witnesses and informants). Further, we affirm the judge's
ruling that Westmoreland may depose the miners on the subject of the
circumstances of their idlement. This subject is clearly relevant in
discovery by either party and is within the scope of our remand order.
Cf. Loc. U. No. 781, Dist. 17. UMWA v. Eastern Assoc. Coal Corp.,
3 FMSHRC 1175, 1176-79 (May 1981). However, we hold that the question
of whether any of the miners received state unemployment compensation
is irrelevant to this proceeding and may not be pursued in discovery.
Cf., e.g., Boich v. FMSHRC, 704 F.2d 275, 286-87 (6th Cir.), vacated
in other part on other grounds, 719 F.2d 194, 196 (6th Cir. 1983).

Finally, all participants in this six-year litigation must be
aware of the need to move with dispatch to resolve the issues
remaining so that this proceeding may be concluded at the earliest
possible date.

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~1197
On the foregoing grounds, our previously directed stay is
dissolved and this matter is remanded to the judge for expeditious
proceedings consistent with this order. */

              Richard V. Backley, Commissioner

              Joyce A. Doyle, Commissioner

              James A. Lastowka, Commissioner

              L. Clair Nelson, Commissioner

*/ Chairman Ford did not participate in the consideration or
disposition of this matter.

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~1198
Distribution

Earl R. Pfeffer, Esq.
UMWA
900 15th St., NW
Washington, D.C. 20005

Barry F. Wisor, Esq.
Office of the Solicitor
U.S. Department of Labor
4015 Wilson Blvd.
Arlington, VA 22203

John T. Scott, III, Esq.
Crowell & Moring
1001 Pennsylvania Ave., N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20004

Administrative Law Judge Gary Melick
Federal Mine Safety & Health Review Commission
5203 Leesburg Pike, Suite 1000
Falls Church, VA 22041