Secretary of Labor v. Lo Down Energy, Inc.

Plain-English summary

Four proposed penalty assessments became final after Lo Down Energy did not contest them within 30 days. The operator had rerouted MSHA assessments to its accounting office during the COVID-19 pandemic, but employees worked there only intermittently and the documents were misplaced. Lo Down learned of the assessments when it received delinquency notices. The Secretary did not oppose reopening. The Commission consolidated the matters for this ruling, reopened all four assessments, remanded them, and directed the Secretary to file penalty petitions within 45 days.

Decision snapshot

• Cited authority: 30 C.F.R. §§ 100.7, 2700.1(b), 2700.12, and 2700.28; 30 U.S.C. § 815(a)
• Outcome: Four final assessments were reopened and remanded, with penalty petitions due within 45 days.
• Key point: Pandemic-related changes to mail handling supported reopening when four assessments were inadvertently misplaced.

Full text (FMSHRC public release)

FEDERAL
MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH REVIEW COMMISSION

1331
PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE, NW, SUITE 520N

WASHINGTON,
D.C. 20004‑1710

SECRETARY OF LABOR,                             :         Docket
No. WEVA 2021-0180     

MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH                    
:         A.C. No. 46-08659-512525                        

ADMINISTRATION (MSHA)                       
:        

:         Docket No. WEVA 2021-0181

:         A.C. No. 46-08659-514345       

:        

v.                                
             :         Docket No. WEVA 2021-0182

:         A.C. No. 46-08659-518037                        

:        

:         Docket No. WEVA 2021-0183

LO DOWN ENERGY, INC.                            :         A.C.
No. 46-08659-518826       

BEFORE: Traynor, Chair; Althen and Rajkovich,
Commissioners

ORDER

BY THE COMMISSION:

These
matters arise under the Federal Mine Safety and Health Act of 1977, 30 U.S.C. §
801 et seq. (2012) (“Mine Act”). [1]
On February 19, 2021, the Commission received from Lo Down Energy, Inc. (“Lo
Down”) motions seeking to reopen penalty assessments that had become final
orders of the Commission pursuant to section 105(a) of the Mine Act, 30 U.S.C.
§ 815(a).

Under
section 105(a), an operator who wishes to contest a proposed penalty must
notify the Secretary of Labor no later than 30 days after receiving the
proposed penalty assessment. If the operator fails to notify the Secretary, the
proposed penalty assessment is deemed a final order of the Commission. 30
U.S.C. § 815(a).

We
have held, however, that in appropriate circumstances, we possess jurisdiction
to reopen uncontested assessments that have become final Commission orders
under section 105(a). Jim Walter Res., Inc ., 15 FMSHRC 782, 786-89 (May
1993) (“JWR”). In evaluating requests to reopen final orders, the Commission
has found guidance in Rule 60(b) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, under
which the Commission may relieve a party from a final order of the Commission
on the basis of mistake, inadvertence, excusable neglect, or other reason
justifying relief. See 29 C.F.R. § 2700.1(b) (“the Commission and its Judges
shall be guided so far as practicable by the Federal Rules of Civil
Procedure”); JWR, 15 FMSHRC at 787. We have also observed that default is a
harsh remedy and that, if the defaulting party can make a showing of good cause
for a failure to timely respond, the case may be reopened and appropriate
proceedings on the merits permitted. See Coal Prep. Servs., Inc ., 17
FMSHRC 1529, 1530 (Sept. 1995).

The Department of Labor’s Mine Safety and Health Administration (“MSHA”)
indicates that the proposed assessments were delivered to the operator on April
27, 2020, May 18, 2020, July 17, 2020, and August 13, 2020. The assessments became
final orders of the Commission on May 27, 2020, June 17, 2020, August 16, 2020,
and September 12, 2020, respectively.

Lo Down states that due to the COVID-19 pandemic, it had changed
the routing of its MSHA assessments to its accounting office. However, due to
the pandemic, employees in that office had only worked in the office
intermittently. The operator contends that the proposed assessments were
misplaced due to its new pandemic mail-handling procedure. The operator learned
of the delinquent assessments when it received notifications in the mail that
penalties were past due. The Secretary does not oppose the requests to reopen
but urges the operator to take steps to ensure that future penalty contests are
timely filed in accordance with MSHA’s
regulations at 30 C.F.R. § 100.7 and the Commission’s procedural rules.

Having
reviewed Lo Down’s request and the Secretary’s response, we find that the
operator inadvertently misplaced the proposed penalty assessments. In the interest
of justice, we hereby reopen these matters and remand them to the Chief
Administrative Law Judge for further proceedings pursuant to the Mine Act and
the Commission’s Procedural Rules, 29 C.F.R. Part 2700. Accordingly, consistent
with Rule 28, the Secretary shall file petitions for assessment of penalty
within 45 days of the date of this order. See 29 C.F.R. § 2700.28.

/s/ Arthur R. Traynor, III

Arthur
R. Traynor, III, Chair

/s/ William I. Althen

William
I. Althen, Commissioner

/s/ Marco M. Rajkovich, Jr.

Marco M. Rajkovich Jr., Commissioner

Distribution:

Christopher D. Pence, Esq.

Hardy Pence, PLLC

10 Hale Street, 4th Floor

PO Box 2548

Charleston, WV 25329-2548

[email protected]

John M. McCracken, Esq.

Office of the Solicitor

U.S. Department of Labor

Mine Safety and Health Division

201 12th Street South, Suite 401

Arlington, VA 22202-5452

[email protected]

Archith Ramkumar, Esq.

Office of the Solicitor

U.S. Department of Labor

201 12th Street South, Suite 401

Arlington, VA 22202

[email protected]

April Nelson, Esq.

Office of the Solicitor

U.S. Department of Labor

Mine Safety and Health Division

201 12th Street South, Suite 401

Arlington, VA 22202-5452

[email protected]

Melanie Garris

U.S. Department of Labor

Office of Civil Penalty Compliance

Mine Safety and Health Administration

201 12th Street South, Suite 401

Arlington, VA 22202-5452

[email protected]  

Chief Administrative Law Judge Glynn F. Voisin

Federal Mine Safety & Health Review Commission

1331 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW, Suite 520N

Washington, DC 20004-1710

[email protected]

[1] For the limited purpose of addressing these motions
to reopen , we hereby consolidate
docket numbers WEVA 2021-0180, WEVA 2021-0181, WEVA 2021-0182, and WEVA
2021-0183, involving similar procedural issues. 29 C.F.R. § 2700.12.