FMC Corporation

Plain-English summary

FMC Corporation asked the Commission to reopen a penalty case after its failure to answer a penalty petition led to a default. FMC said it timely responded to the show-cause order, and the Secretary confirmed that the regional solicitor received a copy of the answer. The answer did not show that FMC also sent it to the Commission as instructed. Because default is a harsh remedy and relief may be available for mistake or excusable neglect, the Commission reopened the proceeding in the interest of justice. It vacated the default and remanded the case for further proceedings.

Decision snapshot

• Governing provisions: 30 U.S.C. § 823(d)(1) and (d)(2)(A)(i); 29 C.F.R. §§ 2700.1(b), 2700.69(b), and 2700.70(a)
• Outcome: The default order was vacated and the penalty proceeding was remanded to the Chief ALJ.
• Key point: An answer that reached the Secretary but apparently was not sent to the Commission can still support reopening when the record shows good cause for relief from default.

Full text (FMSHRC public release)

FEDERAL MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH REVIEW COMMISSION

601 NEW JERSEY AVENUE, NW

SUITE 9500

WASHINGTON, DC 20001

June 26, 2012

SECRETARY OF LABOR, 

MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH

ADMINISTRATION (MSHA) 

v.

FMC CORPORATION 

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Docket No. WEST 2010-241-M

A.C. No. 48-00152-201760

BEFORE: Jordan, Chairman; Duffy, Young, Cohen, and Nakamura, Commissioners

ORDER

BY THE COMMISSION:

This matter arises under the Federal Mine Safety and Health Act of 1977, 30 U.S.C.
§ 801 et seq. (2006) (“Mine Act”). On December 2, 2011, the Commission received from FMC
Corporation (“FMC”) a motion seeking to reopen a penalty assessment proceeding and relieve it
from the order of default entered against it.

On March 18, 2011, Chief Administrative Law Judge Lesnick issued an Order to Show
Cause which by its terms became an Order of Default if the operator did not file an answer within
30 days. This Order to Show Cause was issued in response to FMC’s failure to answer the
Secretary’s December 24, 2009 Petition for Assessment of Civil Penalty. The Commission did
not receive FMC’s answer within 30 days, so the order of default became effective on April 18,
2011.

FMC asserts that it timely responded to the Show Cause Order. The Secretary does not
oppose the request to reopen and notes that the Denver Regional Solicitor’s Office indicated that
it received a copy of the answer. However, the answer does not indicate that it was also sent to
the Commission, as instructed in the penalty petition.

The judge’s jurisdiction in this matter terminated when the default occurred. 29 C.F.R.
§ 2700.69(b). Under the Mine Act and the Commission’s procedural rules, relief from a judge’s
decision may be sought by filing a petition for discretionary review within 30 days of its
issuance. 30 U.S.C. § 823(d)(2)(A)(i); 29 C.F.R. § 2700.70(a). If the Commission does not
direct review within 40 days of a decision’s issuance, it becomes a final decision of the
Commission. 30 U.S.C. § 823(d)(1). Consequently, the judge’s order here has become a final
decision of the Commission.

In evaluating requests to reopen final orders, the Commission has found guidance in Rule
60(b) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure under which, for example, a party could be entitled
to relief from a final order of the Commission on the basis of mistake, inadvertence, or excusable
neglect. See 29 C.F.R. § 2700.1(b) (“the Commission and its Judges shall be guided so far as
practicable by the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure”); Jim Walter Res., Inc., 15 FMSHRC 782,
786-89 (May 1993) (“JWR”). We have also observed that default is a harsh remedy and that, if
the defaulting party can make a showing of good cause for a failure to timely respond, the case
may be reopened and appropriate proceedings on the merits permitted. See Coal Prep. Servs.,
Inc., 17 FMSHRC 1529, 1530 (Sept. 1995).

Having reviewed FMC’s request and the Secretary’s response, in the interest of justice,
we hereby reopen the proceeding and vacate the Order of Default. Accordingly, this case is
remanded to the Chief Administrative Law Judge for further proceedings pursuant to the Mine
Act and the Commission’s Procedural Rules, 29 C.F.R. Part 2700.

/s/ Mary Lu Jordan

&Mary Lu Jordan, Chairman

/s/ Michael F. Duffy

Michael F. Duffy, Commissioner

/s/ Michael G. Young

Michael G. Young, Commissioner

/s/ Robert F. Cohen, Jr.

Robert F. Cohen, Jr., Commissioner

/s/ Patrick K. Nakamura

Patrick K. Nakamura, Commissioner

Distribution:

James Pearce

FMC Corp.

P.O. Box 872

Green River, WY 82935

W. Christian Schumann, Esq.

Office of the Solicitor

U.S. Department of Labor

1100 Wilson Blvd., Room 2220

Arlington, VA 22209-2296

Melanie Garris

Office of Civil Penalty Compliance

MSHA

U.S. Dept. Of Labor

1100 Wilson Blvd., 25th Floor

Arlington, VA 22209-3939

Chief Administrative Law Judge Robert J. Lesnick

Federal Mine Safety & Health Review Commission

601 New Jersey Avenue, N. W., Suite 9500

Washington, D.C. 20001-2021