Secretary of Labor v. Warrior Met Coal Mining, LLC

Plain-English summary

Warrior Met Coal Mining sought to reopen two penalty assessments after sending its contest notices to MSHA's St. Louis office instead of the Civil Penalty Compliance Office. The operator moved to reopen less than a month after MSHA sent delinquency notices. The Secretary did not oppose the requests but urged greater care with future filings. The Commission found inadvertence, mistake, and excusable neglect, reopened both matters, and remanded them for further proceedings. It warned that the operator had filed seven other reopening motions in the prior 24 months and that future requests for extraordinary relief might be denied.

Decision snapshot

• Cited authority: None
• Outcome: Two final penalty assessments were reopened and remanded for further proceedings.
• Key point: Prompt action after a misdirected filing supported reopening, but repeated filing failures risk denial of future relief.

Full text (FMSHRC public release)

FEDERAL MINE SAFETY
AND HEALTH REVIEW COMMISSION

1331 PENNSYLVANIA AVE., N.W., SUITE 520N

WASHINGTON, DC 20004-1710

SECRETARY OF LABOR,

MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH     

ADMINISTRATION (MSHA)          

v.

WARRIOR MET COAL MINING, LLC

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Docket No. SE 2020-0143

A.C. No. 01-01247-503726

Docket No. SE 220-0144

A.C. No. 01-01401-503727

BEFORE:  Rajkovich, Chairman; Althen and Traynor, Commissioners

ORDER

BY THE COMMISSION:

These matters arise
under the Federal Mine Safety and Health Act of 1977, 30 U.S.C. § 801 et seq.
(2012) (“Mine Act”). On February 28, 2020, the Commission received from Warrior
Met Coal Mining, LLC (“WMCM”) two motions seeking to reopen penalty assessments
that had become final orders of the Commission pursuant to section 105(a) of
the Mine Act, 30 U.S.C. § 815(a). [1]

Under section 105(a)
of the Mine Act, an operator who wishes to contest a proposed penalty must
notify the Secretary of Labor no later than 30 days after receiving the
proposed penalty assessment. If the operator fails to notify the Secretary, the
proposed penalty assessment is deemed a final order of the Commission. 30
U.S.C. § 815(a).

We have held,
however, that in appropriate circumstances, we possess
jurisdiction to reopen uncontested assessments that have become final
Commission orders under section 105(a). Jim Walter Res., Inc., 15 FMSHRC
782, 786-89 (May 1993) (“ JWR ”). In evaluating requests to reopen final
orders, the Commission has found guidance in Rule 60(b) of the Federal Rules of
Civil Procedure, under which the Commission may relieve a party from a final
order of the Commission on the basis of mistake, inadvertence, excusable
neglect, or other reason justifying relief. See 29 C.F.R. § 2700.1(b)
(“the Commission and its Judges shall be guided so far as practicable by the
Federal Rules of Civil Procedure”); JWR , 15 FMSHRC at 787. We have also
observed that default is a harsh remedy and that, if the defaulting party can
make a showing of good cause for a
failure to timely respond, the case may be reopened and appropriate proceedings
on the merits permitted. See Coal Prep. Servs., Inc., 17 FMSHRC 1529,
1530 (Sept. 1995).

Records of the
Department of Labor’s Mine Safety and Health Administration (“MSHA”) indicate
that the proposed assessment in SE 2020-0144 was delivered on November 16,
2019, and became a final order of the Commission on December 18, 2019. MSHA’s
records show that the proposed assessment in SE 2020-0143 was delivered on November
18, 2019, and became a final order on December 18, 2019.

The operator’s
motions state that it mistakenly mailed the notices of contest in both cases to
MSHA’s St. Louis office, along with its payment of uncontested penalties,
instead of to the Civil Penalty Compliance Office.

MSHA sent the
operator delinquency notices for both assessments on January 31, 2020. The
operator filed its motions to reopen on February 28. The Secretary does not
oppose the requests to reopen, but urges the operator to take steps to ensure
that future penalty contests are timely filed with the proper office.

Having reviewed WMCM’s requests and the Secretary’s responses, we
find that the operator has explained its failure to timely contest the
citations at issue as the result of inadvertence, mistake, and excusable
neglect. The motions were filed promptly after
MSHA notified the operator of its delinquencies. However, we agree with the
Secretary that the operator should show greater care in filing contests to
citations and orders. In addition to the two motions addressed in this order,
the operator has filed seven other motions to reopen final orders in the past 24
months. The Secretary suggests that he may oppose future motions. Likewise, the
Commission may deny future motions seeking extraordinary relief from motions
that have become final.

In
the interest of justice, we hereby reopen these matters and remand them to the
Chief Administrative Law Judge for further proceedings pursuant to the Mine Act
and the Commission’s Procedural Rules, 29 C.F.R. Part 2700. Accordingly,
consistent with Rule 28, the Secretary shall file a petition for
assessment of penalty within 45 days of the date of this order. See 29
C.F.R. § 2700.28.

/s/ Marco M. Rajkovich,
Jr.

Marco
M. Rajkovich, Jr., Chairman

/s/
William I. Althen

William
I. Althen, Commissioner

/s/
Arthur R. Traynor, III

Arthur R.
Traynor, III, Commissioner

Distribution (by e-mail):

Guy W. Hensley, Esq.

Counsel

Warrior Met Coal, LLC

[email protected]

Emily Toler Scott , Esq.

Office of the Solicitor

[email protected]

Chief Administrative Law Judge
Glenn Voisin

Federal Mine Safety & Health
Review Commission

[email protected]

Melanie Garris

Office of Civil Penalty Compliance

Mine Safety and Health
Administration

[email protected]

[1] The two motions
addressed in this order rely upon the same rationale and common facts as a
basis for re-opening. For the limited purpose of addressing these motions to
reopen, we hereby consolidate these dockets, which involve similar procedural
issues. 29 C.F.R. §2700.12.