Secretary of Labor v. Oak Grove Resources, LLC

Plain-English summary

An ALJ set out proposed criteria for proving repeated flagrant violations and ordered the Secretary to file a prehearing statement applying those criteria. The ALJ later certified the order for interlocutory review after finding that the Secretary's statement did not clarify the controlling legal question. The Commission denied review because the case's procedural posture would permit only an advisory opinion on an abstract legal principle or review of the judge's discretion to require the statement. It held that this did not present a controlling question of law suitable for interlocutory review under Commission Rule 76.

Decision snapshot

• Governing authority: 29 C.F.R. § 2700.76 and 30 U.S.C. § 820(b)(2)
• Outcome: The Commission denied interlocutory review of the ALJ's prehearing-statement order.
• Key point: Certification alone does not justify interlocutory review when the issue is abstract and the ruling does not present a controlling legal question in the proper procedural posture.

Full text (FMSHRC public release)

FEDERAL MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH REVIEW COMMISSION

1331 PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE, NW, SUITE 520N

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20004-1710

SECRETARY OF LABOR,                                :

MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH                        :

ADMINISTRATION (MSHA)                           :

:

v.                                                  :     Docket Nos. SE 2013-301

: SE 2013-352

OAK GROVE RESOURCES, LLC                    :                  SE 2013-368

: SE 2013-399

BEFORE: Nakamura, Acting Chairman; Cohen and Althen, Commissioners

ORDER

BY THE COMMISSION:

These matters arise under the Federal Mine Safety and Health Act of 1977, 30 U.S.C.

§ 801 et seq. (2012). On August 22, 2014, the Administrative Law Judge certified for
interlocutory review his Order Requiring Secretary’s Pre-Hearing Statement, which he issued on
June 12, 2014. In that order, the Judge articulated criteria for establishing repeated flagrant
violations pursuant to section 110(b)(2) of the Mine Act, 30 U.S.C. § 820(b)(2), and ordered the
Secretary to submit a pre-hearing statement regarding whether the evidence in the case satisfied
these criteria. Order at 13-14. The Secretary submitted his pre-hearing order on August 7, 2014,
but the Judge determined that this statement failed to clarify a controlling question of law in the
case. Certification at 3.

Pursuant to Commission Procedural Rule 76, 29 C.F.R. § 2700.76, the Commission may
review a Judge’s ruling, prior to the Judge’s final decision in the case, only if certain conditions
are met. First, pursuant to Rule 76(a)(1), either the Judge must certify that his or her interlocutory
ruling involves a controlling question of law and that immediate review will materially advance
the final disposition of the proceeding or the Judge must deny a party’s motion for certification of
the interlocutory ruling to the Commission and the party must file with the Commission a
petition for interlocutory review within 30 days of the Judge’s denial of such motion for
certification. This criterion was met by the Judge’s August 22, 2014 certification.

Second, under Rule 76(a)(2), a majority of Commission members must conclude that the
Judge’s interlocutory ruling involves a controlling question of law and that immediate review
may materially advance the final disposition of the proceeding. Here, however, review of the
Judge’s June 12, 2014 Order would amount to an advisory opinion on an abstract legal principle.
Although the Judge has articulated his view of the legal standard that should be applied in this
case, he has done so by ordering the Secretary to submit a pre-hearing statement applying this
standard. Consequently, at this juncture, the only question on review would be whether the Judge
abused his discretion in ordering the Secretary to submit the pre-hearing statement. This does not
constitute a controlling question of law, nor does it frame, in the proper procedural posture, the
legal question on which the Judge seeks interlocutory review.

For the reasons set forth above, we deny interlocutory review.                                  

/s/ Patrick K. Nakamura

Patrick K. Nakamura, Acting Chairman                                                                                                        

/s/ Robert F. Cohen, Jr.

Robert F. Cohen, Jr., Commissioner 

/s/ William I. Althen

William I. Althen, Commissioner