Alcorn Well Service, Inc., a Division of Dawson Well Service, Inc.

Plain-English summary

An Alcorn Well Service, Inc. crew was fishing broken sucker rods from a Texas well when two workers used pipe wrenches to turn a rod and move an overshot through a tight spot. The rod unexpectedly torqued, one worker lost control of his wrench, and the wrench struck another employee in the head, causing a fatal injury. The judge vacated the general duty clause item because industry testimony showed that using pipe wrenches for one or two test turns was customary when torque was not expected, with back-off equipment used if rotation failed. He affirmed serious hazard-communication items because the crew used motor oil and tool-joint compound without material safety data sheets at the site or required hazard training. Those two penalties were reduced to $525 each. A missing stair rail was affirmed as other-than-serious without a penalty.

Decision snapshot

• Cited standard(s): 29 U.S.C. § 654(a)(1); 29 C.F.R. §§ 1910.1200(g)(8), 1910.1200(h), and 1910.23(d)(1)(iii).
• Outcome: Mixed. The general-duty item was vacated, the two serious hazard-communication items were affirmed for $1,050 total, and the stair item was affirmed without a penalty.
• Key point: A tragic outcome alone did not establish a recognized general-duty violation when the task-specific method was customary and torque was not reasonably expected.

Full text (OSHRC public release)

                          UNITED   STATES OF AMERICA
OCCUPATIONAL        SAFETY         AND HEALTH REVIEW COMMISSION
                           One Lafayette Centre
                     1120 20th Street, N.W. - 9th Floor
                        Washington, DC 200364419

SECRETARY OF LABOR
Complainant,
v. OSHRC DOCKET
NO. 92-1568
ALCORN WELL SERVICE, INC. DIV.
Respondent. )

                 NOTICE OF DOCKETING
          OF ADMINISTRATIVE MW JUDGE’S DECISION
 The Administrative Law Judge’s Report in the above referenced case was

docketed with the Commission on April 17, 1995. The decision of the Judge
will become a final order of the Commission on May 17, 1995 unless a
Commission member directs review of the decision on or before that date. ANY
PARTY DESIRING REVIEW OF THE JUDGE’S DECISION BY THE
COMMISSION MUST FILE A PETITION FOR DISCRETIONARY REVIEW.
Any such etition should be received by the Executive Secretary on or before
May 8, 1965 in order to permit sufficient time for its review. See
Commission Rule 91, 29 C.F.R. 2200.91.
All further pleadings or communications regarding this case shall be
addressed to:
Executive Secretary
Occupational Safety and Health
Review Commission
1120 20th St. N.W., Suite 980
Washington, DC. 20036-3419

Petitioning parties shall also mail a copy to:
Daniel J. Mick, Esq.
Counsel for Regional Trial Litigation
Office of the Solicitor, U.S. DOL
Room S4004
200 Constitution Avenue, N.W.
Washington, Q.C. 20210

If a Direction for Review is issued by the Commission, then the Counsel for
Regional Trial Litigation will represent the Department of Labor. Any party
havmg questions about review rights may contact the Commission’s Executive
Secretary or call (202) 6065400.
FOR THE COMiMPiSION I

Date: April 17, 1995
DOCKET NO. 924568
NOTICE IS GIVEN TO THE FOLLOWING:

James E. White, Esq.
Re ‘onal Solicitor
O&e of the Solicitor U S DOL
525 Grif!fin Square Blhg.,‘&ite 501
Griffin & Youn Streets
Dab, TX 752 f 2

George R. Carlton, Jr., Esq.
Godwin & Carlton
901 Main St., Suite 3300
Dallas, TX 75202 3714

Louis G. LaVecchia
Administrative Law Jud e
Occupational Safety an tf Health
Review Commission
Federal Building, Room 7Bll
1100 Commerce Street
Dallas, TX 75242 0791

00108763582:06
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH RWI~ COMMISSION
ROOM 7811, FEDERAL BUILDING
1100 COMMERCE STREET
DALLAS, TEXAS 75242-0791

                                                                                           FAX:

PHONE:
COM (214) 767m
CohA (214) 767-5271
FTS(214) 767Jl350
i=Ts(214) 767-5271

SECRETARY OF LABOR,

                  Complainant,
                                                     .
                                                     .
                                                     ..
        v.                                                   OSHRC DOCKET          NO. 92-1568
                                                     ..

ALCORN WELL SERVICE, INC., ..
A DMSION OF DAWSON WELL ..
..
SERVICE, INC.,
.
.
.
Respondent. a

APPEARANCES:

         Robert A Fitz,Esquire       George R. Carlton, Jr., Esquire
         Dallas, Texas               Dallas, Texas
         For the Complainant.        For the Respondent.

Before: Administrative Law Judge Louis G. LaVecchia

                                  DECISION AND ORDER

         This proceeding arises under section 10 of the Occupational        Safety and Health Act

of 1970, 29 U.S.C. 0 651 et seq. (“the Act”). Respondent Alcom seeks review of two
citations issued by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (“OSHA”) after a
fatal accident at a well site outside of Giddings, Texas, on January 13, 1992. Serious citation
1 alleges a 5(a)(l) violation and violations of 29 C.F.R. 1910.1200(g)(8) and 1910.1200(h).
“Other” citation 2 alleges a violation of 29 C.F.R. 191023(d)(l)(iii). The hearing in &is
matter was held April 12, 1994. Neither party filed a post-hearing brief.

                                          Backmound

         The basic facts of this case are not disputed. Respondent Alcom had a workover           rig

and a five-man crew at the site in order to setice Proske Well Number 2. The well was not
pumping due to a break in the sucker rods. The job entailed hoisting the top part of the
2

rod string out of the well to find the broken rod. The crew had pulled several hundred feet
of rods when it discovered that a rod box into which two rods had been screwed was broken.
The crew attached an “overshot,” a tool with a grapple in it used to latch onto and Yish
out” parted rods, to the end of the rod string and ran it down into the hole. The overshot
latched onto the box but slipped off. The crew pulled the overshot out and put a smalIer
grapple in it and ran it down into the hole again. This time the overshot ran into a tight
spot inside the tubing. Floor hands Terence Green and Louis Zabriskie each put a 24-inch ~
Stilson pipe wrench around the rod protruding from the well and tuned it to the right in an
effort to get the overshot past the tight spot. As they did so Zabriskie lost his footing and
control of the wrench. It swung left and hit him in the head, causing a fatal injury.

                             Serious Citation 1 - Item 1

   This item alleges a violation   of section 5(a)(l)   in that the above operation    is a

recognized hazard in the industry and that Alcom should have had a procedure requiring
the use of a wheel-type wrench or a back-off wrench and power tongs for the operation.
The well servicing industry requires a back-off wheel or a back-off tool and power
tongs to be used to screw on or back off (unscrew) rods. (C-13; C-33-34). Alcom had a
procedure meeting this requirement and the rig at the site had a back-off tool and power
tongs. (Tr. 35; 48-49; 59-60; 73-74; 89-90). See aLso C-2, Alcom’s safety policy, page 6, item

6. OSHA compliance officer Elizabeth Slatten inspected the site. She conceded the crew
   was not screwing on or backing off rods. She nonetheless felt back-off equipment was
   required because torque was being applied to the rods. (Tr. 138-40). Wayne Davis, an
   individual with many years of experience in the industry, testified that the buildup of torque
   can be hazardous and that when torque occurs during the subject operation back-off
   equipment should be used. (Tr. 14849).
   Davis further testified that while he expects torque anytime rods are turned “down
   hole” the operation does not necessarily produce torque and the crew at the site would not
   necessarily have expected it. He said the industry practice is to put a couple of 24.inch
   wrenches on the rod, put one or two turns on it, and, if no rotation occurs, then release the
   torque and use either a circle wrench or a back-off tool and power tongs. He also said every
   3

job is different and that the proper procedure that day was a judgment call based on the
situation at that site. (Tr. 142-68).
In view of Davis’ testimony, the Secretary has not met his burden of proving a
violation. Alfred Baros, the tool pusher at the site, testified the usual procedure was to
rotate the rods to the right with wrenches to see if the overshot would drop through. He
expected no problems as the overshot had gone down the first time t&t day without
incident. Baros also testified they were not expecting torque or intending to apply torque.
He was unsure how many times the rods were tumed but indicated they torqued up quickly.
As he put it, “[IIt happened so fast, you know, it just wasn’t nothing you could do. It just
torqued up, and that is it.” (Tr. 40-42; 47-50; 56-61). The testimony of Robert Millner and
Michael Petrosky, two other crew members, was substantially the same. (Tr. 62-63; 69-79;
82-86, 89-91). In my opinion, the record does not show a violation. This item is vacated.

                          Serious Citation 1 - Items 2 and 3

    These items allege violations of 29 C.F.R. 1910.1200(g)(8) and 1910.1200(h).      These

standards provide as follows:
1910.1200(g)(8) - Th e employer shall maintain copies of the required material
safety data sheets for each hazardous chemical in the workplace, and shall
ensure that they are readily accessl’ble during each work shift to employees
when they are in their work area(s).
1910.1200(h) - Employers shall provide employees with information and
training on hazardous chemicals in their work area at the time of their initial
assignment, and whenever a new hazard is introduced into their work area.
The record shows the employees on the subject rig used 30-wweightmotor oil and tool
joint compound at their worksites. The record also shows that Alcom did not have a hazard
communication program in January 1992 and that employees received no information or
training about the hazards of these substances. Finally, the record shows that while Alcom
had a material safety data sheet (“MSDS”) for the tool joint compound and #&weight motor
oil at the time of the inspection there were no MSDS’s at the subject site. (Tr. 1647; 52-55;
74; 86-88; 119-138; 141; 170-74).
The hazards of the oil and compound are established by C-3-4, the MSDS’s for these
substances, and the record establishes serious violations of the cited standards. Items 2 and
4

3 of serious citation 1 are affirmed. A penaltyof $l,OSO.OO
for each of these items was
proposed. In my opinion, these penalties are excessive. A penaltyof $525.00 for each of
these items is assessed.

                                   “Other” Citation 2

   This citation alleges a violation of 29 C.F.R. 1910.23(d)(l)(iii),       which states as follows:
   Every flight of stairs having four or more risers shall be equipped with
   standard stair railingsor standard handrails ... [o]n stairways less than 44
   inches wide having both sides open, one stair railing on each side.
   CO Slatten testified that the six-riser stairs to the rig, shown in C-32, were 22 to 24

inches wide and did not have a railing on the left side descending, exposing employees to
a fall hazard. (Tr. 133-35). The alleged violation is clearly shown by C-32 and the CO’s
testimony, and Alcom presented nothing in its defense. This citation is afErmed as a
nonserious violation. No penalty was proposed, and none is assessed.

                                   Conclusions of Law

    1. The Commission has jurisdiction      of this proceeding and the parties.
    2. Respondent     was not in violation of section5(a)(l) of the Act.
    3. Respondent     was in serious violation of 29 C.F.R. 1910.1200(g)(8) and 1910.1200(h)

and nonserious violation of 29 C.F.R. 1910~23(d)(l)(iii).

                                           Order

    On the basis of the foregoing, it is ORDERED         that:
    1. Item 1 of serious citation 1 is vacated.
    2. Items 2 and 3 of serious citation 1 are AFFIRMED,               and a penalty of $525.00 for

each item is assessed.
3. Item 1 of “other” citation 2 is AFFIRMED, and no penalty is assessed.

                                                                 662
                                                                       V

                                                     uis G. LaVecchia
                                                   Administrative Law Judge

Date: APf?-4 1995