Did Bexar County probate courts keep jurisdiction over mental health proceedings after their former jurisdiction statute was repealed?

Texas AG Opinion JM-870: Probate Court Mental Health Cases

Plain-English summary

Bexar County's criminal district attorney asked whether 1987 statutory changes had taken mental health proceedings away from the county's two statutory probate courts. The Legislature had repealed former article 1970-301e.2, which expressly gave those courts jurisdiction under the Texas Mental Health Code.

The Attorney General concluded that the repeal did not remove that jurisdiction. Article 5547-10 treated the term "county court" in the Mental Health Code as the probate court or other court exercising probate jurisdiction. Article 5547-40 directed proceedings for court-ordered mental health services to the county court exercising probate jurisdiction in mental illness matters. Probate Code section 5(c) also required mental illness matters to be filed and heard in statutory probate courts and other courts exercising probate jurisdiction.

The opinion reached the same result on docketing. The repealed statute had prescribed alternating odd- and even-numbered assignments between Bexar County Probate Courts Nos. 1 and 2. A revisor's note explained that those detailed requirements had been impliedly repealed by the Court Administration Act. Government Code section 74.093 instead required the district and statutory county court judges to adopt local administrative rules covering assignment, docketing, transfer, and hearing of cases.

The statutory probate courts therefore retained both jurisdiction to decide Mental Health Code proceedings and statutory authority to docket them.

Currency note

This opinion was issued in 1988. Subsequent statutory amendments, court decisions, or later AG opinions may have changed the analysis. Treat this page as historical context, not current legal advice. Verify current law before relying on any specific rule, deadline, or remedy mentioned here.

Common questions

Did repealing former article 1970-301e.2 end the Bexar County probate courts' mental health jurisdiction?

No. The opinion found that other provisions of the Mental Health Code, Government Code, and Probate Code independently preserved that jurisdiction.

Which courts did the Mental Health Code identify for court-ordered mental health proceedings?

Article 5547-40 placed those proceedings in the statutory or constitutional county court exercising probate jurisdiction in mental illness matters.

What did Parsons v. State contribute to the analysis?

The San Antonio Court of Appeals had held that article 5547-40 expressly conferred jurisdiction on the probate court in a mental illness case.

Did the repeal also eliminate authority to docket mental health cases?

No. The opinion said Government Code section 74.093 required local administrative rules for the assignment and docketing of cases in the statutory probate courts.

Did the old odd-numbered and even-numbered assignment system remain controlling?

The opinion quoted a revisor's note stating that the former specific filing and docketing requirements had been impliedly repealed by the Court Administration Act.

Background and statutory framework

Former article 1970-301e.2 expressly gave Bexar County Probate Courts Nos. 1 and 2 jurisdiction over proceedings under the Texas Mental Health Code. The 70th Legislature repealed that article effective September 1, 1987, during a statutory recodification.

The Legislative Council's revisor explained that the express jurisdiction language was unnecessary because article 5547-10 already defined "county court" for Mental Health Code purposes as the probate court or court having probate jurisdiction. Article 5547-40 separately placed court-ordered mental health service proceedings in the court exercising probate jurisdiction in mental illness matters.

Government Code section 25.0171 identified Bexar County's two statutory probate courts. Section 25.0021 gave a statutory probate court the general jurisdiction provided by the Probate Code, and Probate Code section 5(c) directed mental illness matters to statutory probate courts and other courts exercising probate jurisdiction.

For docketing, the former article had required alternating assignments between the two Bexar County probate courts. The revisor stated that the Court Administration Act had displaced those specific requirements. Its successor, Government Code section 74.093, required local rules covering assignment, docketing, transfer, and hearing.

Citations

Statutory materials:

• Former V.T.C.S. article 1970-301e.2, section 18
• V.T.C.S. articles 5547-10 and 5547-40
• Government Code sections 25.0171, 25.0021, and 74.093
• Probate Code section 5(c)
• Former V.T.C.S. article 200a-1, the Court Administration Act

Case:

• Parsons v. State, 677 S.W.2d 786, 789 (Tex. App. - San Antonio 1984, no writ)

Source

• Landing page: https://www.texasattorneygeneral.gov/opinions/jim-mattox/jm-870
• Original PDF: https://www.texasattorneygeneral.gov/sites/default/files/opinion-files/opinion/1988/jm0870.pdf

Original opinion text

Best-effort transcription from a scanned PDF. Obvious character-level OCR errors have been corrected, but minor errors may remain; the linked PDF is authoritative.

THE ATTORNEY GENERAL
OF TEXAS

March 8, 1988

Honorable Fred G. Rodriguez Opinion No. JM-870
Criminal District Attorney
Bexar County Courthouse Re: Jurisdiction of the
San Antonio, Texas 78205 statutory probate courts of
Bexar County to adjudicate
cases under the Mental
Health Code, in light of
recent amendments to former
article 1970-301e.2, V.T.C.S.
(RQ-1248)

Dear Mr. Rodriguez:

You ask:

1. Whether amendments to Title 41 of the Texas Civil Statutes, relating to County courts, the Texas Government Code and the Texas Mental Health Code, effective September 1, 1987, have divested the statutory probate courts of Bexar County, Texas of jurisdiction to hear and adjudicate proceedings brought pursuant to the Texas Mental Health Code.

2. If the statutory probate courts of Bexar County, Texas, do have jurisdiction over mental health proceedings, whether such courts have been divested of statutory authority to docket such proceedings.

You give as the reason for concern about the courts' jurisdiction the repeal of article 1970-301e.2, V.T.C.S., Acts 1987, 70th Leg., ch. 148, § 4.02(a), at 1389, effective September 1, 1987.

Section 18(a) of the repealed statute provided in pertinent part:

The Probate Court No. 1 of Bexar County and the Probate Court No. 2 of Bexar County have general jurisdiction, concurrent with the jurisdiction of the county court, to hear and determine all actions, cases, matters, or proceedings instituted under:

(1) The Texas Mental Health Code (Article 5547-1, et seq., Vernon's Texas Civil Statutes)[.]

Acts 1983, 68th Leg., ch. 355, § 18(a), at 1922.

You state that a question has arisen as to whether Probate Court No. 1 of Bexar County and Probate Court No. 2 of Bexar County have jurisdiction to hear and adjudicate proceedings brought pursuant to article 5547, V.T.C.S.

The Texas Legislative Council's Revisor's Note on chapter 25, subchapter B of the Government Code, at page 68, makes the following comment relative to the repeal of section 18(a) by the 70th Legislature:

The revised law omits Section 18(a) of Article 1970-301e.2 relating to additional jurisdiction of a statutory probate court because the provisions are unnecessary. Article 5547-10, Texas Mental Health Code, provides that a court having probate jurisdiction has jurisdiction over matters contained in the Texas Mental Health Code. . . .

Article 5547-10, V.T.C.S. provides:

The term 'county court' is used in this code [mental health] to mean the 'probate court' or the court having probate jurisdiction, and the term 'county judge' means the judge of such court. The county court shall be open at all times for proceedings under this code.

Article 5547-40, V.T.C.S. states:

A proceeding pursuant to this subchapter [Proceedings for court-ordered mental health services] shall be held in the statutory or constitutional court of the county exercising the jurisdiction of a probate court in mental illness matters.

In Parsons v. State, 677 S.W.2d 786, 789 (Tex. App. - San Antonio 1984, no writ) the court rejected appellant's point of error that the probate court was without jurisdiction to hear a case in which appellant was adjudged to be mentally ill. The court held: "Jurisdiction is expressly conferred by article 5547-40."

Section 25.0171 of the Government Code, effective September 1, 1987, provides in relevant part:

(b) Bexar County has the following statutory probate courts:

(1) Probate Court No. 1 of Bexar County, Texas; and

(2) Probate Court No. 2 of Bexar County, Texas.

Section 25.0021 of the Government Code, effective September 1, 1987, addresses the matter of the jurisdiction of a statutory probate court as follows:

A statutory probate court as that term is defined in Section 3(ii), Texas Probate Code, has the general jurisdiction of a probate court as provided by the Texas Probate Code.

Section 5(c) of the Probate Code provides in pertinent part, as follows:

(c) In those counties where there is a statutory probate court, county court at law, or other statutory court exercising the jurisdiction of a probate court, all applications, petitions and motions regarding probate, administrations, guardianships, limited guardianships, and mental illness matters shall be filed and heard in such courts and the constitutional county court, rather than in the district courts, unless otherwise provided by the legislature, and the judges of such courts may hear any of such matters sitting for the judge of any such courts. (Emphasis added.)

Statutory Probate Courts of Bexar County have jurisdiction to hear and adjudicate proceedings brought pursuant to the Mental Health Code.

In your second question you state that a question has been raised as to the authority of the statutory probate courts of Bexar County to docket mental health proceedings. As was the case in the first question, the basis for such position appears to be the repeal of article 1970-301e.2 by the 70th Legislature. Section 18(b) of the statute before the effective date of its repeal provided as follows:

(b) All matters for which the courts have jurisdiction under Subsection (a) of this section filed with the county clerk, regardless of the court or judge to which the matter or proceeding is addressed, shall be filed by the clerk alternately in Probate Court No. 1 of Bexar County and Probate Court No. 2 of Bexar County. Every odd-numbered case shall be filed with Probate Court No. 1 of Bexar County and every even-numbered case shall be filed with Probate Court No. 2 of Bexar County, but the judges of the statutory probate courts and the county judge may determine another manner for filing cases. The clerk shall keep a separate docket for each court.

Acts 1983, 68th Leg., ch. 355, § 18(b), at 1922.

The Texas Legislative Council's Revisor's Note on chapter 25, subchapter B of the Government Code, at page 67, states:

The revised law omits language in Sections 17(b), 18(b), and 19(b) of Article 1970-301e.2 because specific filing and docketing requirements were impliedly repealed by the Court Administration Act (Article 200a-1, Vernon's Texas Civil Statutes). Section 5.003(b)(1) of that Act requires the district and county court judges in each county to adopt rules providing for the assignment, docketing, transfer, and hearing of cases.

The Court Administration Act is now recodified in the Government Code and the above provision relating to docketing of cases is found in section 74.093 of that code. It provides in pertinent part:

(a) The district and statutory county court judges in each county shall, by majority votes, adopt local rules of administration.

(b) The rules must provide for:

(1) assignment, docketing, transfer, and hearing of all cases, subject to jurisdictional limitations of the district courts and statutory county courts.

Gov't Code § 74.093. Thus, the district and statutory county court judges "shall" adopt rules providing for the docketing of mental health proceedings in the statutory probate courts.

The statutory probate courts of Bexar County have jurisdiction to hear and adjudicate proceedings brought pursuant to the Texas Mental Health Code.

SUMMARY

The statutory probate courts of Bexar County have jurisdiction to hear and adjudicate proceedings brought pursuant to the Texas Mental Health Code. The statutory probate courts of Bexar County have not been divested of statutory authority to docket cases.

Very truly yours,

JIM MATTOX
Attorney General of Texas

MARY KELLER
First Assistant Attorney General

LOU McCREARY
Executive Assistant Attorney General

JUDGE ZOLLIE STEAKLEY
Special Assistant Attorney General

RICK GILPIN
Chairman, Opinion Committee

Prepared by Tom G. Davis
Assistant Attorney General